EP0446790B1 - Dispositif de chargement pour le chargement en vrac de matières poussiéreuses - Google Patents

Dispositif de chargement pour le chargement en vrac de matières poussiéreuses Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0446790B1
EP0446790B1 EP91103512A EP91103512A EP0446790B1 EP 0446790 B1 EP0446790 B1 EP 0446790B1 EP 91103512 A EP91103512 A EP 91103512A EP 91103512 A EP91103512 A EP 91103512A EP 0446790 B1 EP0446790 B1 EP 0446790B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loading
cone
thrust piston
top element
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91103512A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0446790A1 (fr
Inventor
Udo Leibling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agrichema Materialflusstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Agrichema Materialflusstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agrichema Materialflusstechnik GmbH filed Critical Agrichema Materialflusstechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0446790A1 publication Critical patent/EP0446790A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0446790B1 publication Critical patent/EP0446790B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/54—Gates or closures
    • B65D90/62—Gates or closures having closure members movable out of the plane of the opening
    • B65D90/626—Gates or closures having closure members movable out of the plane of the opening having a linear motion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loading device according to the preamble of claim 1 (DE-A-3 708 653).
  • Conventional loading devices for the loose loading of dusty, powdery and granular bulk goods have a lowering and lifting loading nozzle, which is formed either in the manner of superimposed outer hose modules with bulk material guide cones for channeling the bulk material flow or telescoping tubes that can be moved into one another.
  • closed loading ie the loading of bulk goods into a container opening, for example a tank truck
  • the loading nozzle is lowered onto the silo train that is being driven under the loading nozzle until an attachment cone arranged at the free end of the loading nozzle is placed on the filling opening of the silo train.
  • the loading nozzle is marked with a Seal cone with or without level indicator.
  • these locking cones work mechanically, ie they hang in the pull cables of the motor drive.
  • the closure cone When the loading nozzle moves down, the closure cone is initially in its closed position, in which the closure cone closes the outlet opening of the attachment cone. Only after the attachment cone has been placed on the filler opening of the tank truck underneath does the closure body move downwards through its own weight to a predetermined end stop.
  • an annular gap results between the closure cone and the attachment cone, through which loading can take place.
  • the bulk material then runs into the interior of the silo vehicle via the closure cone. The cone remains open while the bulk goods enter the tanker.
  • the drive motor first pulls the closure cone upward relative to the attachment cone via the drive rope pulleys, as a result of which the outlet opening is closed. As soon as the locking cone reaches its locking position on the attachment cone, the locking cone takes the attachment cone upwards, so that the loading nozzle is now lifted upwards.
  • This method of operation is the same for all loading devices of this type known hitherto, it being possible for the closure cone to be suspended in the middle of a rope or via a three-rope suspension.
  • a major disadvantage is that when the closure cone is raised into its closed position, bulk material is compressed between the closure cone and the top cone as a result of a material column above the closure cone, with the result that the closure cone does not move into its full closure position on the top cone can be. On the one hand, this can overload the drive motor, the ropes and thus the whole Lead construction. In particular, however, this causes environmental pollution in that the loading nozzle can practically still be filled with residual material or the closure cone has not closed absolutely tightly, and thus the material can flow out unhindered after the loading nozzle has been lifted off the tank truck. This is particularly problematic in the case of dangerous bulk goods, such as toxic bulk goods or aggressive bulk goods. In addition, with a mechanical locking cone it cannot be guaranteed that the locking cone is always 100% open, since a position detector can be arranged very poorly or not at all within the dust chamber.
  • the object of the invention is to ensure reliable opening and closing of a closure cone on a loading trunk. This should be achieved through structurally simple and robust measures. Furthermore, even with combined loading, the loading trunk should be pulled up in adaptation to the increasing fill level while maintaining the open position of the closure cone without additional constructional effort.
  • the closure cone is driven by a motor, that is to say it is decoupled from the lifting and lowering movement of the loading nozzle by means of cable pulls, the closure cone being able to be reliably moved into a defined opening position as a result of the motor drive.
  • the loading nozzle can be raised step by step with the increasing fill level with the closure cone open.
  • the force-dependent switch can be used to switch off the drive, which is preferably formed as a thrust piston gear, in a simple manner, whereby at the same time an optical or acoustic signal can be triggered. This forces the loading master to ensure that all material from the loading nozzle is shaken off into the silo train or otherwise removed. Only then can the locking cone be closed completely, after which the loading trunk can only be lifted upwards.
  • the protective cover is formed by a protective tube made of appropriately steel, in particular stainless steel, a telescopic inner tube compensating for the stroke movement of the thrust piston transmission results.
  • a protective tube made of appropriately steel, in particular stainless steel
  • a telescopic inner tube compensating for the stroke movement of the thrust piston transmission results.
  • Such a structure has the advantage of extremely high wear resistance. Since the telescopic structure can be sealed in a very simple manner, for example by means of a scraper between the protective tube and the telescopic inner tube, a motorized drive can be realized in this way even with extremely aggressive media to be loaded.
  • the protective cover is advantageously suspended via radial transverse arms, by means of which the protective cover or the protective tube can be anchored to the outer tube or to the attachment body.
  • a star-shaped three-arm suspension that is offset by 120 degrees is expedient here.
  • the interposition of oscillating buffers results in a damping of the thrust piston gear against shaking movements, which are applied to the loading nozzle by means of a vibrator at the end of the loading process.
  • the inner tube is expediently arranged leaving a narrow annular gap around the outer jacket of the cylinder of the thrust piston transmission, as a result of which a ventilation gap is limited.
  • piston it is also more expedient for the piston to be suspended on the protective tube by means of a spring-loaded joint head, and it is also expedient for the thrust piston transmission to be articulated at the opposite end with the locking cone.
  • Suitable limit switches are used to open the feed elements when the thrust piston transmission is fully extended so that loading can take place.
  • the thrust piston transmission can be switched off in the event of resistance as a result of a material column built up above the sealing cone and a signal indicating the fault can be given. This prevents the loading nozzle from being lifted off when the locking cone is open, and thus possibly aggressive material can get into the environment. Only when the locking cone reaches the full locking position, which is signaled by a limit switch, is the cable drive actuated and thus the loading trunk raised.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing, which in the single figure shows a sectional view through a device for the loose loading of dusty bulk goods, namely in the left half of the figure the device in the closed position and in the right half the device in the bulk material conveying position.
  • the figure shows only the lower end of a loading trunk designated 1, which can be lowered into the loading position by means of a cable guide 2 and raised again after the loading process has ended.
  • the loading nozzle is constructed telescopically, for example by means of outer hose modules 3 arranged one above the other with bulk material guide cones 4 for channeling the bulk material flow.
  • the loading nozzle can also be equipped with telescopic tubes that can be pushed into one another in the design according to DE-A-37 08 653.
  • the loading trunk 1 has at its lower end an attachment body in the manner of an attachment cone 5, the outlet opening 6 of which can be closed by a closure body in the manner of a closure cone 7, as shown in the figure on the left.
  • the closure cone 7 has been moved down relative to the attachment cone 5, so that an annular conveying gap is formed between the closure cone 7 moved down and the lower end of the attachment cone 5.
  • the closure cone 7 is actuated via a motor drive of a thrust piston transmission 8, which is arranged within the loading nozzle 1 and in the closure cone 7 and fastened, in particular articulated, to the bottom of the closure cone at 10 with the lower end of the cylinder 9.
  • the thrust piston transmission is suspended via the upper end of the piston 11 from a protective cover, generally designated 12, with a sprung joint head 13.
  • the protective cover 12 comprises a protective tube, designated 14, advantageously made of steel, in particular stainless steel, which radially extending cross arms 15 is attached to the attachment body 5.
  • oscillating buffers can be arranged and screwed together between the tabs and the attachment arms, which protect the thrust piston drive against vibrations when shaking at the end of loading by a vibrator.
  • the ropes of the rope guide 2 are anchored at 18 in the illustrated embodiment in the area of the attachment. Via the cross arms 15 in connection with the tabs 17, a star-shaped, three-arm suspension which is offset by 120 degrees is expediently accomplished.
  • the protective tube 14 is closed at its upper end by a cone-shaped hood 19 which repels bulk goods and is preferably made of plastic with high impact strength and high chemical resistance.
  • the piston rod is anchored at 20 to a plate welded by the protective tube 14 or an inner ring within the protective tube.
  • the protective tube 14 has a telescopic inner tube 21 which is connected at its lower end to the hollow locking cone, in particular welded. Both in the retracted position of the thrust piston gear 8 and in the extended position, the pistons and cylinders of the thrust piston gear 8 are protected from the outside by the protective cover made of the protective tube 14 and the telescopic inner tube 21, and in the lower region by the closed cone 7.
  • a continuous annular gap 23 is provided between the inner tube 21 and the outer jacket 22 of the cylinder 9 of the thrust piston transmission 8 and forms a venting device.
  • the inner tube 21 is guided on the protective tube 14 by two guide rings 24 which are arranged at a distance from one another at the lower end of the protective tube 14 and which are advantageously preceded by a wiper 25. Due to the two guide rings with the stripper in front, the inner tube is optimally guided and cleaned at the same time. This results in optimal dust protection and, if the seals are designed accordingly, also provides a waterproof shielding of the thrust piston transmission 8.
  • the loading device is suitable for both closed and combined loading, whereby combined loading means that the bulk goods are not fed through a container opening on which the attachment cone can rest, but rather are loaded directly from the loading nozzle onto a platform vehicle, whereby here the loading nozzle is moved up to a specified height above the vehicle floor or bulk material cone.
  • the attachment cone has an additional hanging apron for open trucks, in particular platform trucks, which is attached to the outside.
  • the loading nozzle is lowered onto a silo container moved under the loading nozzle until the attachment cone 5 is seated on the filling opening of the silo container.
  • suitable detectors such as a slack rope switch, so that after the attachment cone 5 has been put on, the closure cone is moved downwards by a motor through the thrust piston gear 8.
  • a limit switch not shown in the drawing, responds and gives contact for the bulk material feed conveying.
  • the locking cone closes in normal operation.
  • a limit switch is actuated, which actuates or switches the motor for pulling up the loading nozzle by means of cable guide 2. If, however, a resistance occurs when the motorized closing cone 7 is closed before the closing cone reaches its closed position, for example due to bulk material present in the loading nozzle, the thrust piston drive is stopped via a force-dependent limit switch and an optical or acoustic interference signal is triggered. The loading master is then forced to ensure that all material from the loading nozzle is shaken off into the silo train or otherwise discharged. Only then can the locking cone close until the corresponding limit switch is reached when the closed position is reached of the plug 7 switches the motor for lifting the loading nozzle by means of a cable guide 2.
  • the loading nozzle descends to a specified height above the vehicle floor or bulk material cone, the stopping point of the lowering movement being determined by means of a capacitive filling indicator. Then the motorized locking cone is extended by means of the thrust piston mechanism 8, the limit switch releasing the locking contact for the bulk material feed in the end position.
  • the lifting motor of the loading nozzle gradually pulls it up by means of the cable guide, the cone 7 remaining in the open position. Only when the loading process has ended and the supply of the organs has been stopped is the motorized locking cone, as described above, closed.
  • a force-dependent limit switch in turn ensures that in the event of a malfunction as a result of the bulk material within the loading nozzle, an interference signal is only given, but the loading nozzle does not start up.
  • the loading nozzle can only be raised when the closure cone 7 has moved into its complete closed position on the top cone 5, which only triggers the lifting motor to raise the loading nozzle by the limit switch. This always ensures that the loading nozzle can only be lifted up when it is completely closed by the locking cone. If material is still pressed between the sealing cone and the discharge head, the material build-up must first be removed, but in this state the loading nozzle is prevented from lifting.
  • the electrical connection cables for the thrust piston drive are guided via a flexible hose connection 26 to the sealing cone 7, with corresponding passage openings 27 for the outer tube 5 and the sealing cone 7 Hose connection 26 are provided.
  • the hose connection is expediently guided in a loop between the outer tube and the closure cone in order to be able to compensate for the lifting movement of the extending closure cone 7.
  • the function of the ventilation gap 23 is to connect the interior of the protective tube 14 to the comparatively large-volume cavity of the sealing cone 7, so that air or vacuum which is displaced during a stroke movement of preferably 200 mm is generated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Dispositif de chargement pour le chargement en vrac de matières notamment poussiéreuses, pulvérulentes et granuleux, comprenant un museau de chargement (1) levable et abaissable surtout par un guidage de câble, le museau de chargement présentant à son extremité libre un élément chapeau (5) et un cône de fermeture (7), qui est, pour ouvrir et fermer l'ouverture d'échappement (6) de l'élément chapeau (5), déplaçable rélativement à 1' élément chapeau, caractérisé par un entraînement moteur du cône de fermeture (7) à l'intérieur du musesau de chargement (1), qui est entouré par une enveloppe protectrice (12) étanche.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement moteur constitué surtout par un mécanisme à piston-poussoir (8) est disposé dans l'axe du museau de chargement (1), supporté à l'élément chapeau (5) et raccordé au cône de fermeture (7).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement ou le mécanisme à piston-poussoir (8) est suspendu à une extrémité, préférablement à l'extrémité piston, dans un tube protective (14) supporté à l'élément chapeau (5), et fixé à son autre extrémité à l'élément de fermeture (7) préférablement creux.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube protective (14) est suspendu à l'élément chapeau par des bras transversales (15) s'étendant radialement, et qu'il est amorti contre l'élément chapeau (5) préférablement par des amortisseurs oscillants, et qu'il est obturé à son extrémité supérieure par un chape (19) refusant les matières en vrac, le chape présentant une résilience et une résistance à l'abrasion et une résistance chimique élevées.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les bras transversales (15) sont fixés à des couvre-joints (17) fixes à l'élément chapeau (5), et qu'ils sont fixés aux couvre-joints et/ou aux bras transversales du tirant à cable (ou des tirants à cables pour le mouvement de levement et d'abaissement) de l'élément chapeau (5).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube protective (14) présente un tube interne (21) téléscopique, qui est raccordé, à son extremité téléscopique, à l'élément de fermeture (7).
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le tube protective (14) présente, à son extrémité en face de l'élément de fermeture (7), des bagues de guidage (24) et un stripper (25) pour le tube interne (21).
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 - 7, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement ou le mécanisme à piston-poussoir (8) est reçu dans l'intérieur de l'élément de fermeture (7) et du tube protective (14) de façon étanche vers l'extérieur.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 - 8, caractérisé en ce que la surface interne du tube intérieur (21) entoure concentriquement l'enveloppe extérieur du cylindre (9) du mécanisme à piston-poussoir (8) en laissant un passage annulaire (23) étroit servant d'aération.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 - 9, caractérisé en ce que le piston du mécanimse à piston-poussoir (8) est suspendu au tube protective (14) par une tête articulée (13) garnie de ressorts.
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 - 10, caractérisé en ce que les câbles électriques de connexion pour le mécanisme à piston-poussoir (8) sont guidés dans un raccord pour tuyaux (26) flexible, préférablement dans un boucle compensant le mouvement de levement du mécanisme à piston-poussoir, entre l'élément chapeau (5) et l'élément de fermeture (7).
  12. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 - 11, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme à piston-poussoir (8) est équipé de commutateurs de fin de course pour la position de fin du mouvement de sortie et d'entrée et d'un commutateur de fin de course dépendant de force pour la déconnexion du mécanime à piston-poussoir (8) entre les positions de fin dans le cas d'une résistance lors du mouvement d'entrée et de sortie.
  13. Dispositif selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le commutateur de fin de course pour le mouvement de sortie déclenche l'alimentation en matières en vrac, le commutateur de fin de course pour le mouvement d'entrée commande une actuation pour lever le museau de chargement (1) et le commutateur de fin de course dépendant de force déclenche un signal avertisseur optique et/ou acoustique.
  14. Dispositif, surtout pour le chargement combiné, selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif comprend un détecteur de remplissage pour déplacer le museau de chargement (1) à une hauteur déterminée et pour sortir l'élément de fermeture (7), le museau de chargement (1) étant, dans la position d'ouverture de l'élément de fermeture, levable graduellement par le détecteur de remplissage de façon correspondant à la hauteur de remplissage.
EP91103512A 1990-03-16 1991-03-07 Dispositif de chargement pour le chargement en vrac de matières poussiéreuses Expired - Lifetime EP0446790B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4008553A DE4008553A1 (de) 1990-03-16 1990-03-16 Verladevorrichtung fuer die lose verladung von staubigen schuettguetern
DE4008553 1990-03-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0446790A1 EP0446790A1 (fr) 1991-09-18
EP0446790B1 true EP0446790B1 (fr) 1994-07-13

Family

ID=6402411

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91103512A Expired - Lifetime EP0446790B1 (fr) 1990-03-16 1991-03-07 Dispositif de chargement pour le chargement en vrac de matières poussiéreuses

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0446790B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE108413T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4008553A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9126664D0 (en) * 1991-12-16 1992-02-12 Material Control Eng Ltd A container and a system incorporating same
CN103252039A (zh) * 2013-05-10 2013-08-21 苏州嘉目工程有限公司 新型灭火器冲料装置
CN107096466A (zh) * 2017-07-06 2017-08-29 南京新天兴影像科技有限公司 一种复印机色调剂生产用混料机进料机构
CN111907955A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-10 江西增鑫科技股份有限公司 一种适用于畜牧业的储料塔
CN112027715A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-04 芜湖铭源污水处理有限公司 一种便于卸料的板框压滤机滤饼临时存放装置
DE102021001180A1 (de) 2021-03-05 2022-09-08 Volkmann Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Ventil, Behälter und Dosierverfahren
CN119244851B (zh) * 2024-10-29 2025-10-17 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 防堵弯管结构及矸石浆液输送系统

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3635377A (en) * 1969-08-19 1972-01-18 Conair Material-transporting device
DE2313779A1 (de) * 1973-03-20 1974-09-26 Aachener Verfahrenstechnik & A Beladevorrichtung oder beladekopf fuer schuettgut
SE402746B (sv) * 1975-12-17 1978-07-17 Scaniainventor Ab Utlastningsanordning for fast partikelformigt material
DE2622199A1 (de) * 1976-05-19 1977-12-01 Magnus Malmberg Auslaufkopf zu verladearm fuer leicht brennbare mineraloele mit selbsttaetiger zweistufenregelung
DE2657636C3 (de) * 1976-12-20 1981-02-19 Buehler-Miag Gmbh, 3300 Braunschweig Verschlußvorrichtung für öffnungen eines chargenweise mit rieselfähigem Schüttgut, zähflieBenden Aufschwemmungen, Schlämmen o.dgl. beschick- und entleerbaren Behälters
FR2398683A1 (fr) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-23 Expertises Cie Maritime Dispositif pour extraire, sous l'action d'un fluide vehicule, un produit contenu dans un reservoir
DE3302657A1 (de) * 1983-01-27 1984-08-02 Rheinische Kalksteinwerke GmbH, 5603 Wülfrath Gefaessfoerderer zur pneumatischen foerderung von schuettgut aus einem vorratssilo
DE3425592A1 (de) * 1984-07-11 1986-01-23 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum Siloaustragsvorrichtung
DE3515367A1 (de) * 1985-04-27 1986-10-30 KBI Klöckner-Becorit Industrietechnik GmbH, 4224 Hünxe Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abgabe von schuettgut aus einem behaelter
DD239577A1 (de) * 1985-07-23 1986-10-01 Dessau Zementanlagenbau Veb Fuellkopf fuer beladegarnitur
DE3664622D1 (en) * 1985-10-31 1989-08-31 Alusuisse Device for charging bulk material containers, and its use
DE3708653C2 (de) * 1987-03-17 1996-01-18 Agrichema Materialflusstechnik Verladevorrichtung für lose Verladung von staubigen Schüttgütern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4008553A1 (de) 1991-09-19
ATE108413T1 (de) 1994-07-15
EP0446790A1 (fr) 1991-09-18
DE59102137D1 (de) 1994-08-18

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