EP0449430A1 - Arc architectural - Google Patents

Arc architectural Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0449430A1
EP0449430A1 EP91301708A EP91301708A EP0449430A1 EP 0449430 A1 EP0449430 A1 EP 0449430A1 EP 91301708 A EP91301708 A EP 91301708A EP 91301708 A EP91301708 A EP 91301708A EP 0449430 A1 EP0449430 A1 EP 0449430A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arch
bricks
support
construction
curved
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91301708A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Colin James Michael Knox
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0449430A1 publication Critical patent/EP0449430A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
    • E04B1/7038—Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes
    • E04B1/7046—Evacuating water from cavity walls, e.g. by using weep holes using trays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C2003/023—Lintels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to architectural arches, in particular curved brickwork arches.
  • the term "brick" in this context is intended to embrace any form of constructional unit used in building, regardless of shape or material composition.
  • Curved arches are frequently incorporated in building structures over architectural features such as windows or doors.
  • the architectural feature itself may have a straight top edge, in which case there will be a segment-shaped area between the bottom of the arch and the top of the feature.
  • this space was filled with parts of brick which were cut to size on site, a very skilled and time-consuming operation.
  • infil panels have been adopted. These are used in conjunction with standard metal lintols which lie above the feature and span the cavity in the case of a cavity wall.
  • these panels which are generally made of a plastics material, tend to be rather unsatisfactory from an aesthetic point of view and furthermore, the join between the top of the panel and the undersurface of the arch is frequently less than waterproof.
  • a curved brickwork arch construction comprises a series of arch bricks laid side by side defining a curved arch form and a series of support bricks located beneath the arch bricks, the arch bricks each having a bottom surface which has a cut away portion extending from one side of the arch brick to the other, the support bricks each having an upper surface with a protrusion extending from one side of the support brick to the other, the cut away portions and the protrusions being so arranged that they interengage, the upper surfaces of the support bricks also being progressively inclined to match the curved undersurface of the arch form defined by the series of arch bricks.
  • the cut away portions define a continuous cut away along the undersurface of the arch form itself while the protrusions form a continuous raised land along the top of the support bricks.
  • the interengagement then provides an upward step which effectively interlocks the arch bricks and the support bricks and helps to prevent the ingress of moisture.
  • the arch bricks may be tapered to produce the curved arch form.
  • the upper surface of the support bricks may be curved to follow more closely the curved undersurface of the arch form.
  • the bottom surfaces of the support bricks are preferably flat in order to sit on a standard metal lintol over the feature.
  • the cut away portion may be in the form of a channel and the protrusion may be in the form of a ridge.
  • the channel and ridge sides may be tapered for ease of manufacture and for ease of construction.
  • the cut away portion may be a rebate and the protrusion may be a shoulder.
  • the side of the rebate and the side of the shoulder may be inclined for ease of manufacture and for ease of construction.
  • the upper surface of the support bricks may be marked with the correct position of arch bricks to be placed above.
  • the front surfaces of the support bricks may be faceted or inclined for aesthetic reasons, or may even be a different shade.
  • the support bricks may also be thinner than standard so that their front surfaces may be set back.
  • the arch bricks may be thicker, to stand proud.
  • the arch construction according to the invention can be assembled relatively easily without the need to cut the supporting bricks on site.
  • the appearance will be consistent with the remainder of the building and join between the arch and the support bricks will be both firm and relatively watertight.
  • all the arch bricks will be identical while in the case of the support bricks, corresponding left-hand and right-hand units will be identical, thus minimising the number of special units required.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a cavity wall 11 forming part of a building, comprising an outer leaf 12 and an inner leaf 13.
  • the wall 11 includes a window 14 which has a flat top.
  • a standard metal lintol 15 is located above the window 14 and spans the cavity between the outer and inner leaves 12, 13.
  • An arch construction generally indicated 16 is located on the lintol 15.
  • the arch construction 16 comprises a series of arch bricks 17 and a series of support bricks 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25.
  • the arch bricks 17 are identical and are tapered so that when laid side by side, they define an arch form.
  • the support bricks 21-25 have flat bases and curved upper surfaces so that when laid end to end, they progressively define a segment whose curve corresponds to the undersurface curve of the arch form.
  • the support bricks comprise a centre unit 23, a pair of identical end units 21, 25 and a pair of identical intermediate units 22, 24. They are thinner than the arch bricks and the bricks forming the remainder of the outer leaf 12 and,are therefore somewhat recessed.
  • each arch brick 17 has a channel 18 with inclined sides 19.
  • the individual channels 18 form a continuous channel over the entire extent of the arch.
  • the upper surface of each support brick 21-25 has a ridge 26 with inclined sides 27. When the support bricks 21-25 are placed end-to-end the individual ridges 26 form a continuous ridge which fits into the continuous channel.
  • the support bricks 21-25 would first be laid on the lintol 15, thereby defining the continuous ridge.
  • the arch bricks 17 would then be laid on top, starting over the centre unit 23, which could be marked with the required positions of the overlying arch bricks 17.
  • each arch brick 31 has a rebate 33 at the rear with an inclined side 34.
  • the upper surface of each support brick 32 has a corresponding shoulder 35 with an inclined side 36.
  • the rebates 33 and shoulders 35 interlock in the same way as the channels 18 and ridges 26 in the previous embodiment.
  • Figure 5 shows an alternative but similar construction in the form of a significantly wider arch.
  • the arch construction includes a series of arch bricks 37, which may be identical to the support bricks 21-25 or 32. However, the rise of the arch in this case is greater than the depth of the support bricks 41-45.
  • An undercourse of bricks 46 is therefore included between the lintol (not shown) and the support bricks 41-45 and two end support bricks 47, 48 are located one at each end of the undercourse.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
EP91301708A 1990-03-01 1991-03-01 Arc architectural Withdrawn EP0449430A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9004605A GB2241517B (en) 1990-03-01 1990-03-01 Architectural arch
GB9004605 1990-03-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0449430A1 true EP0449430A1 (fr) 1991-10-02

Family

ID=10671831

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91301708A Withdrawn EP0449430A1 (fr) 1990-03-01 1991-03-01 Arc architectural

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0449430A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2241517B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150308745A1 (en) * 2013-03-27 2015-10-29 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg Arch brick, cylindrical internal lining of a rotary kiln and rotary kiln

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2062052A (en) * 1979-11-08 1981-05-20 Ibstock Building Products Ltd Improved forms of coping blocks for use in forming the top courses of a masonry wall
GB2063953A (en) * 1980-05-20 1981-06-10 Press Bat Holdings Ltd Arch support
GB2072731A (en) * 1980-04-02 1981-10-07 Carran E Reinforced brickwork lintel
GB2127450A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-04-11 Knox Colin J M Wall coping
GB2141758A (en) * 1983-06-07 1985-01-03 Knox Colin J M Brick-wall coping
EP0168236A2 (fr) * 1984-07-09 1986-01-15 Colin James Michael Knox Arche utilisée en construction
GB2183688A (en) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-10 Knox Colin J M Brick arch

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090495A3 (fr) * 1982-03-25 1985-01-09 I.G. Lintels Limited Coffrage

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2062052A (en) * 1979-11-08 1981-05-20 Ibstock Building Products Ltd Improved forms of coping blocks for use in forming the top courses of a masonry wall
GB2072731A (en) * 1980-04-02 1981-10-07 Carran E Reinforced brickwork lintel
GB2063953A (en) * 1980-05-20 1981-06-10 Press Bat Holdings Ltd Arch support
GB2127450A (en) * 1982-09-20 1984-04-11 Knox Colin J M Wall coping
GB2141758A (en) * 1983-06-07 1985-01-03 Knox Colin J M Brick-wall coping
EP0168236A2 (fr) * 1984-07-09 1986-01-15 Colin James Michael Knox Arche utilisée en construction
GB2183688A (en) * 1985-12-05 1987-06-10 Knox Colin J M Brick arch

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
L. ZWIERS 'BOUWKUNDIG WOORDENBOEK' & WARENDORF , AMSTERDAM "ONTLASTBOOG" *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150308745A1 (en) * 2013-03-27 2015-10-29 Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg Arch brick, cylindrical internal lining of a rotary kiln and rotary kiln

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9004605D0 (en) 1990-04-25
GB2241517B (en) 1994-04-13
GB2241517A (en) 1991-09-04

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