Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
  • B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
  • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
  • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
  • B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the production of brick with precise plan, the brick being fired after shaping and drying and the dimensionally accurate surfaces processed, e.g. be ground and / or milled.
• Plane-precise bricks which are machined on at least two opposite surfaces, such that these two surfaces in particular the same distance from each other have and are exactly parallel to each other have the advantage that they can be connected in the masonry by glue or similar materials, and that it is not necessary to provide comparatively wide mortar joints. This offers various advantages in the manufacture of the structure.
• Target bricks of the training in question are therefore comparatively expensive and were only able to assert themselves little on the market, although the processing of such bricks is associated with not inconsiderable advantages.
• the invention is based on a method of the type specified at the outset. According to the invention, it is proposed that the precise machining be carried out on the shaped and dried bricks, and that the Burning process, in which the bricks are heated as uniformly as possible, takes place after processing.
• the invention is based on the consideration that the shrinking or shrinking or caking of the brick blank is largely completed after the drying process.
• the prerequisite for this, however, is that the firing process is controlled in such a way that no significant deformations of the brick blanks subsequently occur.
• the processing effort for this is considerably less than in the previous method.
• the dried brick blank has a significantly lower hardness compared to the fired brick and accordingly the processing effort and in particular the energy expenditure for this is lower. It is clear that the wear on the tools is less with the softer material than with the processing of the fired hard brick.
• the uniform heating of the bricks during the firing process can in particular be achieved in that the firing process takes place using only small temperature differences, in particular between the respective temperature of the bricks and the temperature of the heating gases.
• the temperatures used are initially kept very low and only gradually increased. This can be achieved by blowing air into the different zones of the kiln. The temperature is gradually increased to the same extent as the bricks are heated.
• Temperature differences of around 40 degrees Celsius are not exceeded, particularly in the heating zone of the kiln. In the pre-fire zone, it is advantageous if the temperature difference of 20 degrees Celsius is not exceeded, while in the fire zone a temperature difference of 10 degrees Celsius should not be exceeded.
• Another advantageous means of achieving a uniform temperature influence is that the bricks are arranged on the tunnel kiln car in such a way that the heating gases flush around each brick in a similar manner. It is particularly advisable to stack bricks on the tunnel kiln car in individual turrets, for example with one or two brick blanks per layer, which are at a distance from the neighboring turret. On in this way, the heating gases reach all bricks and in particular also practically all outer surfaces of the bricks approximately uniformly, which also helps to suppress undesired deformation during the firing process. The fact that this arrangement of the bricks on the tunnel kiln car may mean that it has to be re-stacked for transport is of secondary importance.
• the bricks for the process according to the invention are produced from a mixture of 60% marl clay, 30% loess loam and 10% quartz sand. Small, relatively small tolerances are possible with the mixing ratios.
• Such a mixture has particularly good properties with regard to the method according to the invention, namely insofar as a brick blank made from this mixture has very little tendency to deform during a careful, careful firing process.
• the invention proposes that the processing machines, in particular the grinding machines, for producing the plane-precise surfaces carry out an electronic re-measurement for the bricks, and the re-measuring device, if necessary, tracks the processing machine.
• the wear for example on the grinding wheels, can be readjusted so that the machining accuracy of the brick blanks does not deteriorate.
• the method according to the invention is intended for bricks which have a cuboid shape in the finished state, but in particular also for bricks in which there are recesses are provided to increase the insulation effect.
• Bricks of this shape in particular offer good prerequisites for the fact that the heating takes place evenly during the firing process because the heating gases only have to heat comparatively small wall thicknesses.
• the method according to the invention can also be used on bricks in which the machined surfaces have projections, for example projecting ribs or recesses adapted to these ribs, after the machining.
• Such bricks which are known per se, result in a bond between the individual stones from the outset. It does not matter whether the projections or recesses are also machined exactly, as is easily possible with the invention.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
• Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
• Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6403736

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (9)

• 1990
  • 1990-04-04 DE DE4010850A patent/DE4010850A1/de not_active Ceased
• 1991
  • 1991-03-23 DE DE9191104589T patent/DE59100200D1/de not_active Revoked
  • 1991-03-23 AT AT91104589T patent/ATE91661T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1991-03-23 EP EP91104589A patent/EP0450433B1/fr not_active Revoked

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