EP0450656B1 - Composition de lustrage contenant un polymère adsorptif - Google Patents

Composition de lustrage contenant un polymère adsorptif Download PDF

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EP0450656B1
EP0450656B1 EP91105446A EP91105446A EP0450656B1 EP 0450656 B1 EP0450656 B1 EP 0450656B1 EP 91105446 A EP91105446 A EP 91105446A EP 91105446 A EP91105446 A EP 91105446A EP 0450656 B1 EP0450656 B1 EP 0450656B1
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particles
carbon atoms
polymer
average diameter
group
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EP0450656A1 (fr
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Martin Eric Cifuentes
Kenneth Alfred Kasprzak
Janet Mary Smith
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Dow Silicones Corp
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Dow Corning Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
    • C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
    • C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
    • C09G1/14—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances
    • C09G1/16—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances on natural or synthetic resins

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a polish which includes a macroporous highly cross linked polymer. More particularly, the invention includes a polish that contains small porous polymer particles which entrap an active ingredient.
  • Polish formulations containing organosilicon compounds are not new.
  • aminofunctional siloxanes have been employed in polish formulations in U.S. Patent No. 3,508,933, issued April 28, 1970. Such siloxanes can also be found in U.S. Patent No. 3,576,779, issued April 27, 1971, where water in oil and oil in water emulsion polishes are formulated.
  • These aminofunctional silicones are also disclosed as ingredients in various polish formulations in U.S. Patent No. 3,836,371, issued September 17, 1974, and U.S. Patent No. 4,218,250, issued August 19, 1980.
  • Example 1 of the '240 patent a precipitation polymerization process is employed using ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and lauryl methacrylate monomers to produce a powder
  • Example 4 of the '240 patent employs a suspension polymerization process to produce spherical beads.
  • Various cosmetic and toiletry applications of these products are disclosed.
  • a macroporous polymer powder entrapping an emollient is taught in U.S. Patent No. 4,764,362, issued August 16, 1988, and in U.S. Patent No. 4,813,976, issued March 21, 1989, in which the powder is incorporated into a nail conditioning emery board. During filing of the nails, the emollient is said to be released from the powder as from a sponge in order to condition and lubricate the nails.
  • a similar concept is taught in U.S. Patent No. 4,776,358, issued October 11, 1988, in which a dental floss includes flavor oils entrapped in certain "microsponges".
  • Suspension polymerised macroporous polymer beads are taught in U.S. Patent No.
  • a reticulated polyurethane foam is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,828,542, issued May 9, 1989, having macroporous polymer particles bonded to the foam. The particles entrap a liquid soap and the foam is said to be capable of functioning as a cleaning pad.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,855,127, issued August 8, 1989, and U.S. Patent No. 4,880,617, issued November 14, 1989 hydrophobic polymeric porous beads and powders are used as a free-flowing solid carrier for various pheromones, pesticides, fragrances and chemicals entrapped therein.
  • the free-flowing materials are produced by both precipitation and suspension polymerisation processes. Hydrophilic beads are formed in U.S. Patent No.
  • polishes containing silicones are old, and macroporous polymers are old, what is believed to be novel in accordance with the present invention is the new combination of a silicone in a macroporous polymer as a polish.
  • This invention relates to a polish formulation containing as components thereof at least one component selected from the group consisting of waxes, film forming ingredients, solvents, surfactants, thickening agents, abrasives, dyes, odorants and other ingredients normally used in making polishes.
  • the improvement is directed to the incorporation into the polish formulation as the one component a macroporous highly crosslinked polymer obtained from unsaturated monomers.
  • the polymer has entrapped therein an organopolysilicon compound.
  • the organosilicon compound is an amine functional siloxane and an amine functional siloxane having at least one reactive group on silicon such as alkoxy groups and hydroxy groups.
  • the polish may be in the form of a liquid, a paste or the macroporous polymer may be applied alone as what is known commercially as a "dry brite” or “one rag” polish, meaning that the polish is applied to a surface and rubbed into the surface without the necessity of buffing the surface thereafter.
  • the invention is also directed to a method of polishing a surface by applying to the surface a polish formulation including a macroporous highly crosslinked polymer obtained from unsaturated monomers.
  • the polymer has entrapped therein an organic polysiloxane such as an amine functional siloxane and the formulation is rubbed into the surface.
  • This invention further relates to a polish composition which includes discrete particles of a highly crosslinked macroporous hydrophobic or hydrophilic polymer.
  • the particles are of a first predetermined average diameter and the polymer particles have entrapped therein and dispersed uniformly throughout, an active ingredient.
  • the composition also includes a coacervating agent mixed with the polymer particles in an amount sufficient to cause the polymer particles to collect forming dense clusters of coacervated particles of a second predetermined average diameter, the second predetermined average diameter being substantially in excess of the first predetermined average diameter.
  • the polymer can be formed of at least one polyunsaturated monomer and the polyunsaturated monomer is one of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
  • the polymer can also be formed of and include with a polyunsaturated monomer at least one monounsaturated monomer and in this embodiment, the monounsaturated monomer is one of lauryl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate.
  • the particles of the first predetermined average diameter can be in the form of a bead and the bead has an average diameter of about ten microns to about one hundred-fifty microns.
  • the particles of the first predetermined average diameter can be in the form of a powder and the powder is a combined system of particles, the system of powder particles including unit particles of less than about one micron in average diameter, agglomerates of fused unit particles of sizes in the range of about twenty to eighty microns in average diameter and aggregates of clusters of fused agglomerates of sizes in the range of about two-hundred to about twelve-hundred microns in average diameter.
  • the coacervating agent may be a wax such as insect and animal waxes, vegetable waxes, mineral waxes, petroleum waxes, synthetic waxes, silicone waxes or mixtures thereof.
  • the preferred mixture includes mineral wax and a silicone wax and the mineral wax is ceresin wax while the silicone wax is stearoxy dimethicone.
  • the polymer particles constitute from about ten to about fifty percent by weight of the composition, the active ingredient from about one to about eighty percent by weight of the composition and the coacervating agent from about ten to about seventy percent by weight of the composition.
  • the second predetermined average diameter of the coacervated particles is preferably in the range of from about two tenths of one millimeter to about five millimeters.
  • the composition is ideal for incorporation into a polish formulation where application of the polish causes release of the active ingredient from the coacervated particles.
  • a precipitation polymerization process is used for producing the macroporous cross linked polymer.
  • the process there is polymerized at least one monounsaturated monomer and at least one polyunsaturated monomer in the presence of an organic liquid which is a solvent for and dissolves the monomers but not the polymer.
  • the polymerization of the monomers is initiated by means of a free radical generating catalytic compound, precipitating a polymer in the solvent in the form of a powder.
  • a dry powder is formed by removing the solvent from the precipitated polymeric powder.
  • the solvent is preferably isopropyl alcohol, although ethanol, toluene, heptane, xylene, hexane, ethyl alcohol and cyclohexane, may also be employed.
  • the monounsaturated monomer and the polyunsaturated monomer can be present in mol ratios of, for example, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60 or 50:50.
  • the process includes the step of stirring the monomers, solvent and the free radical generating catalytic compound during polymerization.
  • the dry powder is formed by filtering excess solvent from the precipitated powder and the filtered powder is vacuum dried. The powder may then be "post adsorbed" with various functional materials.
  • Figure 1 is a photomicrograph of the components of the complex structure of the powder produced in Example I and illustrating the unit particles, agglomeratures and aggregates.
  • Figures 2 and 3 are photomicrographs of the agglomerates and aggregates of Figure 1, respectively, shown on a larger scale.
  • Figure 4 is a photomicrograph of a polymer bead produced by suspension polymerization in Example III.
  • Figure 5 is a photomicrograph of the bead of Figure 4 with a portion of the shell removed to reveal the interior structure of the bead. Each figure indicates magnification.
  • the material is macroporous due to the complex arrangement of unit particles, agglomerates and aggregates.
  • the material possesses an inordinate amount of interstitial space and is a labyrinth of voids.
  • Volatile ingredients entrapped within the void volume of the material are released by wicking to the surface and evaporate at a rate dependent upon such factors as temperature, vapor pressure and surface area.
  • Nonvolatile ingredients migrate to the surface by means of capillary action and are released on contact with another surface. Mechanical disruption may also be used to release the entrapped ingredient.
  • the material is also capable of wicking ingredients from another surface and into itself thereby adsorbing ingredients to replace displaced ingredients.
  • the material does not shrink or expand even though it is capable of adsorbing up to four times its own weight of an active ingredient. Since the process involved is adsorption in contrast to absorption, the properties of both the material and the active ingredient are not altered. Active ingredients are entrapped within the material in contrast to being encapsulated. Encapsulation connotes a complete enclosing of one material within another such as a shell forming around a core of liquid. Encapsulated ingredients can only be released by mechanical disruption of the shell or dissolution of the shell and once the shell is disrupted the entire contents of the shell are extracted. With entrapment, however, the release of the ingredient may be controlled or sustained and by such additional mechanisms as wicking, evaporation and capillary action. In addition, with entrapment, the active ingredient is permitted a relatively unobstructed ingress and egress into and out of the labyrinth.
  • the material of the present invention can be broadly and generally described as a crosslinked polymer capable of entrapping solids and liquids.
  • the polymer is in particulate form and constitutes free flowing discrete solid particles even when loaded with an active ingredient.
  • One polymer of the invention has the structural formula: where the ratio of x to y is 80:20, R' is -CH2CH2- and R'' is -(CH2)11CH3.
  • the polymer material is highly crosslinked as evidenced by the foregoing structural formula and is more particularly a highly crosslinked polymethacrylate polymer.
  • This material is manufactured by the Dow Corning Corporation, Midland, Michigan, U.S.A., and sold under the trademark POLYTRAP®. It is a low density, highly porous, free-flowing white particulate and the particles are capable of adsorbing high levels of lipophilic liquids and some hydrophilic liquids, while at the same time maintaining a free-flowing particulate character.
  • the structure of the particulate is complex and consists of unit particles less than one micron in average diameter.
  • the unit particles are fused into agglomerates of twenty to eighty microns in average diameter. These agglomerates are loosely clustered into macro-particles termed aggregates of about 200 to about 1200 microns in average diameter.
  • Adsorption of active ingredients can be accomplished using a stainless steel mixing bowl and a spoon, wherein the active ingredient is added to the empty dry powder and the spoon is used to gently fold the active into the powder.
  • Low viscosity fluids may be adsorbed by addition of the fluids to a sealable vessel containing the powder and tumbling the materials until a consistency is achieved.
  • More elaborate blending equipment such as ribbon or twin cone blenders can also be employed.
  • a hydrophobic porous polymer was produced by precipitation polymerization by mixing in a five hundred milliliter reactor equipped with a paddle type stirrer, 13.63 grams of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate monomer or eighty mole percent and 4.37 grams of lauryl methacrylate monomer or twenty mole percent. Isopropyl alcohol was added to the reactor as the solvent in the amount of 282 grams. The monomers were soluble in the solvent, but not the precipitated polymer. The process can be conducted with only polyunsaturated monomers if desired. The mixture including monomers, solvent and 0.36 grams of catalytic initiator benzoyl peroxide was purged with nitrogen. The system was heated with a water bath to about 60°C.
  • the polymerization produced unit particles of a diameter less than about one micron. Some of the unit particles adhered together providing agglomerates of the order of magnitude of about twenty to eighty microns in diameter. Some of the agglomerates adhered and were fused and welded one to another, forming aggregates of loosely held assemblies of agglomerates of the order of magnitude of about two to eight hundred microns in diameter. The mixture was filtered to remove excess solvent and a wet powder cake was tray dried in a vacuum oven. A dry hydrophobic polymeric powder consisting of unit particles, agglomerates and aggregates was isolated.
  • Example I The method of Example I for the production of porous polymer particulate powder materials is characterized as a precipitation polymerization technique.
  • monomers are dissolved in a compatible volatile solvent in which both monomers are soluble.
  • Polymer in the form of a powder is precipitated and the polymer is insoluble in the solvent.
  • No surfactant or dispersing aid is required.
  • the materials produced are powders and not spheres or beads.
  • the powder particulates include unit particles, agglomerates and aggregates.
  • the volatile solvent is subsequently removed resulting in a dry powder, which can be post adsorbed with a variety of functional active ingredients.
  • the suspension polymerization process provides that polymerization be carried out in water and in some cases chloroform or chlorinated solvents.
  • the resulting beads, with the active material entrapped therein, include a substantially spherical outer crust or shell, the interior of which contains a macroporous structure.
  • the bead is about ten microns in average diameter to about one hundred-fifty microns, depending upon the rate of agitation employed during the process. Such beads are shown in Figures 4 and 5 and the process is set forth in Example III.
  • Example I and Figures 1-3 and the bead of Example III and Figures 4 and 5 are their ability to adsorb liquids and yet remain free flowing.
  • the materials provide a regulated release of ingredients entrapped therein and have the capability of functioning as carriers.
  • the powders disappear when rubbed upon a surface. This phenomenon is believed due to the fact that large aggregates of the material scatter light rendering the appearance of a white particulate, however, upon rubbing, these large aggregates decrease in size approaching the range of visible light and hence seem to disappear.
  • the materials find applications in diverse areas such as cosmetics and toiletries, household and industrial products, pesticides, pheromone carriers and pharmaceuticals.
  • the following example illustrates a precipitation polymerization process in which an organic ester is entrapped "in situ" in the polymer powder.
  • the powder of Example I differs from the powder of Example II in that the solvent in Example I is removed resulting in a dry empty powder which is post adsorbed with other functional materials.
  • the powder of Example II is polymerized "in situ" to contain a functional material but is otherwise similar to the material shown in Figures 1-3.
  • Example III illustrates a process for the production of beads as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the process is suspension polymerization and an organic ester is entrapped "in situ".
  • Example III macroporous polymers submicron in size are produced with two or more monomers, at least one monomer of which contains more than a single double bond.
  • the polymerization is conducted in the presence of an active ingredient which does not dissolve or swell the resulting polymer.
  • the monomers and the active ingredient are mutually soluble, but are insoluble in the aqueous suspending medium in which droplets are formed.
  • Polymerization occurs within suspended droplets and beads or spheres are produced.
  • the active ingredient which is polymerized "in situ" is entrapped and contained within the beads, but the active ingredient is capable of being released. It is also possible to use a volatile liquid during polymerization and to subsequently remove the volatile liquid, leaving behind a porous polymer bead product into which a variety of active materials can be subsequently adsorbed.
  • polyunsaturated monomers suitable for use in accordance with the present invention are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane ethoxylated triacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane dimethacrylate; propylene, dipropylene and higher propylene glycols, 1,3 butylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,4 butanediol dimethacrylate, 1,6 hexanediol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, pentaerythritol dimethacrylate, dipentaerythritol dimethacrylate, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, divinyl and trivinylbenzene, divinyl and trivinyltoluene, triallyl maleate, triallyl phosphate, diallyl maleate, diallyl itaconate and ally
  • the monounsaturated monomers include allyl methacrylates and acrylates having straight or branched chain alkyl groups with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 5 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred monomers include lauryl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, isodecylmethacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, diacetone acrylamide, phenoxyethyl methacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and methoxyethyl methacrylate.
  • Many of the previously referred to patents also contain a detailed list of other suitable monomers that can be used.
  • Example I was repeated for each of a series of several monomer systems shown in Tables I-XIV.
  • submicron sized polymeric powders were produced employing a stirring speed of about seventy-five RPM.
  • the catalyst was benzoyl peroxide.
  • Adsorption capacities of the various polymeric powders for fluids were determined and are shown in the Tables, along with the mole ratios of monomers and the solvent.
  • the abbreviations used in Tables I-XIV are identified as follows:
  • highly crosslinked polymeric systems consisting of particles of submicron size can be prepared from monomers having at least two polymerizable unsaturated bonds and containing no comonomers having monounsaturated moiety.
  • waxes which can be employed in the polish formulations of this invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will vary depending on the specific use intended for the polish and the properties being sought.
  • suitable waxes include animal waxes such as beeswax, spermaceti, lanolin and shellac wax; vegetable waxes such as carnauba, candelilla, bayberry and sugarcane; mineral waxes such as ozocerite, ceresin, montan, paraffin, microcrystalline and petrolatum; and synthetic waxes such as ethylenic polymers, polyol ether-esters and chlorinated naphthalenes.
  • abrasives which can be used in the polish formulations of this invention are well known to those skilled in the art and the particular abrasive will depend on the nature of the surface to be polished and the results desired.
  • suitable abrasives include aluminum silicate, diatomaceous earth, pumice, Fuller's earth, bentonite, silicas, tripoli, hydrated calcium silicate, chalk, colloidal clay, magnesium oxide, red iron oxide and tin oxide.
  • solvents such as V.M.&P. naphtha, Stoddard solvent, naphtha, mineral spirits, water, kerosene; surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and fatty alcohol amine sulfate; thickening agents such as hectorite and montmurillonite clays, soya lecithin and methyl cellulose; detergent resistant additives such as aminofunctional and carboxyfunctional silicones; colorants, odorants, corrosion inhibitors and other ingredients normally used in making polishes.
  • surfactants such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and fatty alcohol amine sulfate
  • thickening agents such as hectorite and montmurillonite clays, soya lecithin and methyl cellulose
  • detergent resistant additives such as aminofunctional and carboxyfunctional silicones
  • colorants, odorants, corrosion inhibitors and other ingredients normally used in making polishes are well known to the skilled artisan and hence are only mentioned to the above extent for
  • this invention is applicable to all forms of wax and/or abrasive containing polishes which includes solvent based polishes, water based emulsion polishes and paste wax polishes.
  • the detergent resistant additives are organic polysiloxanes which are film formers having a viscosity in the range of about 5 to as high as several million centistokes, preferably about 100 to about 10,000 centistokes. More preferably, a mixture of polysiloxanes having relatively higher and relatively lower viscosities is employed.
  • Such polysiloxanes have the repeating unit wherein n is an integer having a value greater than 1, R1 is an alkyl radical containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, inclusive or a phenyl group, R2 is hydrogen, an alkyl radical containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, inclusive or a phenyl group.
  • Illustrative polysiloxanes encompassed by the above formula are polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, polymethylethyl siloxane, polymethylphenylsiloxane, polydiphenylsiloxanes, diphenylsilanediol and copolymers of two or more of the foregoing siloxanes.
  • Polysiloxane-oxyalkylene block copolymers may also be utilized.
  • the present compositions may also include an aminofunctional polysiloxane as well as a silane.
  • the amino-functional polysiloxane is a silicone fluid with highly polar pendant aminoalkyl modifying groups that enhance the durability of the film formed by the polysiloxanes present and promotes adhesion of the formed film to a wide variety of substrates.
  • Particularly preferred aminofunctional polysiloxanes include reactive and non-reactive hydrolyzable and non-hydrolyzable derivatives which are wholly or in part, terminally substituted with aminopropyl, aminobutyl or diamino pendant chains.
  • the present composition also contemplates an optional, but preferred, liquid silane constituent, which promotes the mutual solubility of the other organic silicone compounds present in the mixture utilized by the present compositions.
  • Suitable liquid silanes are represented by the formula R3-Si(OR4)3 wherein R3 can be an alkyl radical containing one to three carbon atoms, inclusive or phenyl and R4 can be an alkyl radical containing one or two carbon atoms, inclusive.
  • a preferred liquid silane constituent is an alkyl trialkoxysilane such as methyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane and the like.
  • aminofunctional siloxane compositions of the present invention may be represented by the following formula: Such compositions are described in more or less detail in U.S. Patent No. 3,508,933, issued April 28, 1970, in U.S. Patent No. 3,836,371, issued September 17, 1974, and in U.S. Patent No. 3,890,271, issued June 17, 1975. The preparation of these compositions and their use in polishes is also detailed in the aforementioned patents. Particular of such compositions prepared and falling within the scope of the present invention is set forth in Table XV.
  • the aminofunctional siloxanes of the formula (I) type may also be prepared by an alternate method from that set forth in U.S. Patent No. 3,508,993, U.S. Patent No. 3,836,371, and U.S. Patent No. 3,890,271, aforementioned.
  • the starting material is methyldimethoxy ethylenediaminoisobutyl silane of the formula: CH3(CH3O)2SiCH2CH(CH3)CH2NHCH2CH2NH2
  • This aminofunctional silane is distilled to an active concentration of between about 95-99%.
  • the silane is hydrolyzed with three moles of water added to one mole of the silane.
  • the material is batch distilled at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of about 130°C.
  • aminofunctional hydrolyzate is added to a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane of viscosity of 1.5 centistokes, a dimethylcyclic of the formula (Me2SiO) n where n is three, four or five and a catalyst such as potassium hydroxide or potassium silanolate.
  • This mixture is equilibriated to a polymer by agitation and heat at about 150°C.
  • the mixture is cooled to about 80-90°C. or lower and the catalyst is neutralized by the addition of acetic acid accompanied with mixing.
  • the non-volatile content is increased by stripping of the volatiles under vacuum, followed by filtration of the material in a pre-coated plate and frame filter for the purpose of removing any haze in order to obtain a clarified product.
  • a typical example of this procedure is set forth below.
  • the preferred aminofunctional siloxane is selected from the group consisting of (A) a blend or reaction product of a hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity in the range of about 10 to 15,000 cs at 25°C.
  • R''' is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical
  • R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical free of aliphatic unsaturation and contains from one to six carbon atoms
  • n has a value of from zero to two
  • R' is an alkyl radical containing from one to four carbon atoms
  • R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical free of aliphatic unsaturation and contains three to four carbon atoms
  • B a blend or reaction product of a hydroxyl endblocked polydimethylsiloxane having a viscosity in the range of about 10 to 15,000 cs at 25°C., a silane selected from the group consisting of those having the general formulae (R1O)3-SiR2NHR3 and
  • R''' is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical
  • R'' is a monovalent hydrocarbon radical free of aliphatic unsaturation and contains from one to six carbon atoms
  • n has a value of from zero to two
  • R' is an alkyl radical containing from one to four carbon atoms
  • R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical free of aliphatic unsaturation and contains three to four carbon atoms.
  • C) above is a specific species and a trimethylsilyl endblocked aminofunctional siloxane produced by incorporating conventional trimethylsilyl functional silanes or siloxanes into the aminofunctional siloxanes.
  • the amine functional siloxane polymer also has the formula R' 3-z Q z SiO[R'2SiO] x [R'QSiO] y SiQ z R' 3-z wherein R' denotes an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbons, OH, an alkoxy group or a phenyl group, with the proviso that at least 50 percent of the total R' groups are methyl; Q denotes an amine functional substituent of the formula ⁇ R''Z, wherein R'' is a divalent alkylene radical of 3 to 6 carbon atoms or a radical of the formula ⁇ CH2CH2CH2OCH2-CHOHCH2 ⁇ and Z is a monovalent radical selected from the group consisting of ⁇ NR'''2, ⁇ NR'''(CH2) n NR''2; and wherein R''' denotes hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbons, R'''' denotes an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbons
  • the term "coacervate” and “coacervating agent” is intended to define a material which causes particles of a first predetermined size to collect and form in denser clusters of particles of an increased size.
  • active ingredients are initially entrapped in the powder of Figures 1-3 forming particles in the range of 200-1200 microns. These particles containing the entrapped active ingredient are mixed with a coacervating agent to form larger particles in excess of twelve hundred microns.
  • the preferred range of the coacervated particle size is from about 0.2-5.0 millimeters in average diameter. A preferable range is 0.4-2.0 millimeters, although the particles can be larger if desired.
  • active ingredients are first entrapped in the bead form of the invention as shown in Figures 4 and 5 forming particles in the range of 10-150 microns. These particles containing the entrapped active ingredient are mixed with a coacervating agent to form larger particles in excess of one hundred-fifty microns.
  • waxes Typical of the coacervating agents which may be employed in accordance with the present invention are waxes, gums, resins, polymers, starches and elastomers.
  • waxes are insect and animal waxes such as beeswax and spermaceti; vegetable waxes such as candelilla, carnauba, Japan wax, Ouricury, Douglas-fir bark wax, rice-bran wax, jojoba, castor wax and bayberry wax; mineral waxes such as montan wax, peat waxes, ozokerite and ceresin; petroleum waxes such as paraffin wax; synthetic waxes such as polyethylene waxes, Fischer-Tropsch waxes, chemically modified hydrocarbon waxes, substituted amide waxes; and silicone wax.
  • insect and animal waxes such as beeswax and spermaceti
  • vegetable waxes such as candelilla, carnauba, Japan wax, Ouricury, Douglas-fir bark
  • the coacervating agent may include wax-like solids such as cetyl alcohol; gums such as cellularlosic gums and alignate gums; polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol; and resins such as polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • macroporous polymer particles entrapping an active ingredient, which particles are in turn formed into other particles which are held together or coacervated by a coacervating agent.
  • the coacervated particles find application especially in polish formulations where the function of the coacervated particles is to prevent exposure of the active ingredient to moisture.
  • the coacervated particles are capable of releasing the active ingredient when the polish is applied.
  • an active ingredient such as a reactive aminofunctional silicone is loaded and entrapped into a macroporous polymer and coacervated to form larger particles.
  • the coacervated particles rub out easily upon application to a surface releasing the active ingredient. While the macroporous particles themselves possess an inherent protecting function with respect to the active ingredient by virtue of entrapping the active ingredient therein, the coacervating agent also functions in protecting the active ingredient when coacervated particles containing the active ingredient are dispersed in vehicles that would under normal circumstances leach out the active ingredient from the macroporous polymer or otherwise render it unsuitable.
  • an amine functional siloxane having at least one reactive group on silicon and corresponding to the organosilicon compounds described above were placed in a bottle with ten parts by weight of an isoparaffinic solvent manufactured and sold under the trademark ISOPAR® L by Exxon Company, U.S.A., Houston, Texas. The bottle was shaken in order to obtain a blend.
  • the solvent can be any aliphatic hydrocarbon having a kauri-butanol value of less than about thirty-eight such as mineral spirits and kerosene.
  • the solvent may be any isoparaffinic solvent such as branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with 11-13 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
  • Example I Sixteen parts by weight of the powder of Example I was placed in a stainless steel mixing bowl. Forty-two parts by weight of the blend of Example VI was poured on top of the dry powder. The mixture was slowly folded together with a spoon. A portion of the powder having the blend entrapped therein was applied to an ASTM painted black enamel panel and rubbed. There was produced a good gloss on the panel and the powder was easy to apply.
  • Example VII Three liters of water was placed in a six liter vessel and heated to 80°C. One hundred grams of melted cetyl alcohol was added to the vessel under high agitation. Agitation was continued in order to uniformly disperse the wax-like cetyl alcohol. The powder from Example VII was slowly sprinkled into the vortex of the vessel contents and agitation was maintained for one minute. Heating of the vessel was discontinued and two liters of cold water was added to the vessel while maintaining agitation. The agitation was stopped and the water was decanted from the vessel to collect the coacervated powder material having the amine functional siloxane entrapped therein. The powder material was spread evenly on a tray and dried at about 32°C. A portion of the coacervated powder was applied to an ASTM painted black enamel panel and rubbed. There was produced a good gloss on the panel and the coacervated powder was easy to apply.
  • Example VIII Ten parts by weight of a three percent solution of a thickening agent sold under the trademark CARBOPOL® 934 was mixed with 52.5 parts by weight of water in a container.
  • the thickening agent is a cross linked acrylic acid polymer manufactured by B.F. Goodrich Chemical Group, Cleveland, Ohio.
  • the contents of the container were mixed until uniform and thirty parts by weight of the coacervated powder of Example VIII was added to the container.
  • 7.5 parts by weight of triethanolamine was added to the container in order to activate the thickening and the contents of the container were mixed producing a thickened liquid formulation.
  • Paste formulations were prepared by employing additional amounts of the thickening agent. A portion of the liquid formulation was applied to a clean ASTM painted black enamel panel and to a dark glass pane and rubbed. There was produced a good gloss on the panel and pane. The liquid formulation was easy to apply and produced a uniform film. Very light buffing was applied.
  • Example I Twenty parts by weight of the powder of Example I was placed in a stainless steel mixing bowl. Thirty parts by weight of the blend of Example X was poured on top of the dry powder. The mixture was slowly folded together with a spoon.
  • a thickening agent sold under the trademark BENTONE® 38 was mixed with 86.5 parts by weight of mineral spirits in a container.
  • the thickening agent is a hectorite clay manufactured by National Lead Co., Washington, West Virginia.
  • the contents of the container were mixed until uniform and ten parts by weight of the powder of Example XI was added to the container.
  • One and one-half parts by weight of anhydrous isopropanol was added to the container in order to activate the thickening and the contents of the container were mixed producing a thickened soft paste polish formulation.
  • a portion of the soft paste polish was applied to a clean Ford, black, clear coat enamel paint panel and to a dark tinted glass surface and rubbed.
  • the soft paste polish was also applied to a black, enamel, clear coated 1988 Corvette. There was produced a good to excellent gloss.
  • the formulation was easy to apply and produced a streak free surface, without buffing.
  • the powder delivery system of the present invention provides a metered level of an active ingredient without the necessity of buffing. While either aqueous or anhydrous formulations may be used as shown in Examples IX and XII respectively, the anhydrous formulation has been found to provide better cleaning in addition to the other benefits noted.
  • polish compositions of the present invention possess unique advantages over prior art formulations.
  • reactive amine functional siloxanes are sensitive to moisture contamination to the point of forming gels. Therefore, polish systems containing such siloxanes are difficult to emulsify in certain oil in water emulsions with fugitive emulsifiers and stability and viscosity control problems are frequently encountered.
  • Such difficulties are overcome with the present invention in that there is provided an entrapment of the reactive siloxanes within a porous polymer thus protecting them from the damaging effects of gellation that is typically encountered in the prior art.
  • polish may be applied as a "dry brite” or “one rag” polish and rubbed into the surface without the necessity of buffing the surface thereafter.
  • the polish formulations of this invention may also include volatile low viscosity silicone fluids such as polydimethylcyclosiloxane and hexamethyldisiloxane. Such fluids have viscosities measured at 25°C. of from about 0.65 to about 5.0 centistokes. These volatile fluids have the formula (CH3)2SiO x in which x is an integer from three to eight.
  • the fluids may also include mixtures of tetramers and pentamers, for example. It has been found that the polish formulations of the present invention possess the advantage in that the polish is easier to apply, the rub out is much improved and the appearance of the polished surface can be enhanced in comparison to conventional and prior art polish formulations which do not contain macroporous polymers.
  • the polishes of the present invention are of general application including such surfaces as motor vehicles, boats and navigable crafts, wood surfaces, plastic surfaces and fiber surfaces.
  • the films produce a high gloss, are durable and are easy to apply.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Dans une formulation de produit à polir contenant comme constituants au moins un ingrédient choisi dans le groupe formé par les cires, agents filmogènes, solvants, agents tensio-actifs, épaississants, abrasifs, colorants, parfums et autres ingrédients normalement utilisés dans la fabrication des produits à polir, le perfectionnement consistant à incorporer à la formulation de produit à polir un polymère macroporeux fortement réticulé obtenu à partir de monomères insaturés, un polysiloxane organique étant retenu dans le polymère.
  2. Le produit à polir de la revendication 1, dans lequel le polysiloxane organique est un siloxane à fonctionnalité amine.
  3. Le produit à polir de la revendication 2, dans lequel le polysiloxane organique est un siloxane à fonctionnalité amine choisi dans le groupe formé par (A) une combinaison d'un polydiméthylsiloxane terminé par des groupes hydroxyle ayant une viscosité comprise dans l'intervalle d'environ 10 à 15 000 mm²/s et d'un silane choisi dans le groupe formé par ceux répondant aux formules générales R''n(R'O)3-nSi(CH₂)₃NHR''' et R''n(R'O)3-nSiRNHCH₂CH₂NH₂ où R''' est un atome d'hydrogène ou un radical méthyle, R'' est un radical hydrocarboné monovalent exempt d'insaturation aliphatique et contient un à six atomes de carbone, la valeur de n est de zéro à deux, R' est un radical alkyle contenant un à quatre atomes de carbone et R est un radical hydrocarboné divalent exempt d'insaturation aliphatique et contient trois ou quatre atomes de carbone, (B) une combinaison d'un polydiméthylsiloxane terminé par des groupes hydroxyle ayant une viscosité comprise dans l'intervalle d'environ 10 à 15 000 mm²/s à 25°C, d'un silane choisi dans le groupe formé par ceux répondant aux formules générales (R₁O)₃-SiR₂NHR₃ et (R₁O)₃-SiR₂NHCH₂CH₂NH₂ où R₁ est un radical alkyle contenant un à quatre atomes de carbone, R₂ est un radical hydrocarboné divalent exempt d'insaturation aliphatique et contient trois ou quatre atomes de carbone et R₃ est choisi dans le groupe formé par l'atome d'hydrogène et le radical méthyle et d'un silane répondant à la formule générale X₃SiZ où X est choisi dans le groupe formé par les radicaux alcoxy et acyloxy contenant un à quatre atomes de carbone et Z est un radical non hydrolysable choisi dans le groupe formé par les radicaux hydrocarbonés, les radicaux hydrocarbonés halogénés et des radicaux composés d'atomes de carbone, d'hydrogène et d'oxygène, où les atomes d'oxygène sont présents dans des groupes hydroxyle, des groupes ester ou des liaisons éther, le radical Z contenant un à dix atomes de carbone, et (C) une combinaison d'un polydiméthylsiloxane ayant une viscosité comprise dans l'intervalle d'environ 1 à 15 000 mm²/s à 25°C et d'un silane choisi dans le groupe formé par ceux répondant aux formules générales R''n(R'O)3-nSi(CH₂)₃NHR''' et R''n(R'O)3-nSiRNHCH₂CH₂NH₂ où R''' est un atome d'hydrogène ou un radical méthyle, R'' est un radical hydrocarboné monovalent exempt d'insaturation aliphatique et contient un à six atomes de carbone, la valeur de n est de zéro à deux, R' est un radical alkyle contenant un à quatre atomes de carbone et R est un radical hydrocarboné divalent exempt d'insaturation aliphatique et contient trois ou quatre atomes de carbone.
  4. Le produit à polir de la revendication 1, comprenant des particules discrètes du polymère macroporeux fortement réticulé, les particules ayant un premier diamètre moyen prédéterminé, le polysiloxane organique étant retenu et dispersé uniformément dans les particules du polymère et un agent de coacervation étant mélangé avec les particules de polymère en une quantité suffisante pour amener les particules de polymère à se rassembler formant des amas denses de particules coacervées ayant un second diamètre moyen prédéterminé, le second diamètre moyen prédéterminé dépassant notablement le premier diamètre moyen prédéterminé.
  5. Une composition comprenant des particules discrètes d'un polymère macroporeux fortement réticulé, les particules ayant un premier diamètre moyen prédéterminé, un siloxane à fonctionnalité amine étant retenu et dispersé uniformément dans les particules du polymère et un agent de coacervation étant mélangé avec les particules de polymère en une quantité suffisante pour amener les particules de polymère à se rassembler formant des amas denses de particules coacervées ayant un second diamètre moyen prédéterminé, le second diamètre moyen prédéterminé dépassant notablement le premier diamètre moyen prédéterminé.
EP91105446A 1990-04-06 1991-04-05 Composition de lustrage contenant un polymère adsorptif Expired - Lifetime EP0450656B1 (fr)

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US506032 1990-04-06
US07/506,032 US5246972A (en) 1990-04-06 1990-04-06 Polish containing highly adsorptive polymer

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EP0450656B1 true EP0450656B1 (fr) 1994-12-14

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DE69105797D1 (de) 1995-01-26
EP0450656A1 (fr) 1991-10-09
JP3016442B2 (ja) 2000-03-06
JPH05105845A (ja) 1993-04-27
DE69105797T2 (de) 1995-05-11
US5246972A (en) 1993-09-21

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