EP0453080A1 - Appareil et méthode pour échange de chaleur entre fluides - Google Patents

Appareil et méthode pour échange de chaleur entre fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0453080A1
EP0453080A1 EP91301905A EP91301905A EP0453080A1 EP 0453080 A1 EP0453080 A1 EP 0453080A1 EP 91301905 A EP91301905 A EP 91301905A EP 91301905 A EP91301905 A EP 91301905A EP 0453080 A1 EP0453080 A1 EP 0453080A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
fluid
fluids
inlet
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91301905A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Russell Allan Loxley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce PLC
Original Assignee
Rolls Royce PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls Royce PLC filed Critical Rolls Royce PLC
Publication of EP0453080A1 publication Critical patent/EP0453080A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/006—Preventing deposits of ice

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger for placing fluids in heat exchange relationship so that heat is transferred from one fluid to another.
  • Heat exchangers normally operate to remove heat from a stream of hot fluid which requires cooling and transfers it to a stream of cold fluid which requires heating.
  • Two types of heat exchanger are commonly known, parallel flow heat exchangers in which two fluids in heat exchange relationship flow in the same direction and contra flow heat exchangers in which two fluids flow in opposite directions along the heat exchanger.
  • Contra flow heat exchangers are more efficient than parallel flow heat exchangers and so may be smaller and lighter than a corresponding parallel flow design for a given inlet fluid temperature.
  • the inlet for the cold fluid is adjacent the outlet of the hot fluid.
  • the hot fluid has traversed the length of the heat exchanger losing heat so that the temperature differential between the outlet of the hot fluid and the inlet of the cold fluid is substantially reduced.
  • the amount of heat transfer which occurs between the two fluids in this region of the heat exchanger and the temperature of the fluids is reduced. Ice can form on the heat exchanger internal walls adjacent the inlet for the cold fluid if the cold fluid contains water as a contaminant and if the temperature of the cold fluid is sufficiently low.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an efficient heat exchanger in which the formation of ice at the inlet for the cold fluid is substantially reduced.
  • a heat exchanger suitable for placing a first and a second fluid in heat exchange relationship with one another has a primary region adapted so that in operation a maximum temperature differential is provided between the two fluids in the primary region, the temperature differential and manner of heat exchange between said first and second fluids in the primary region being such that maximum heat transfer occurs between the two fluids in the primary region of the heat exchanger, said heat exchanger having a secondary region in which said first and second fluids are subsequently placed in contraflow heat exchange relationship.
  • the two fluids may either flow in the same direction in the primary region of the heat exchanger or in opposite directions.
  • a heat exchanger for placing a first and a second fluid in heat exchange relationship with one another has a primary region in which in operation a first and a second fluid initially flow in parallel to one another, the temperature differential and manner of heat transfer in the primary region being such that maximum heat transfer occurs between the two fluids in the primary region of the heat exchanger, said heat exchanger having a secondary region in which the first and second fluids are subsequently placed in contraflow heat exchange relationship.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is preferably incorporated within a casing, the casing having at one end an inlet for a first fluid and at the other end an outlet for said first fluid so that the first fluid always flows in the same direction, the casing having an at least one inlet for a second fluid and an at least one outlet for said second fluid, the at least one inlet for the second fluid being adjacent the inlet of the first fluid so that in operation the first and second fluids flow in parallel adjacent the inlets.
  • a heat exchanger for placing a first and a second fluid in heat exchange relationship with one another has a primary region in which in operation a first and a second fluid flow in opposite directions to one another, the temperature differential and manner of heat exchange between the two fluids in the primary region being such that maximum heat transfer occurs between the two fluids in the primary region of the heat exchanger, said heat exchanger having a secondary region in which the first and second fluids are subsequently placed in contraflow heat exchange relationship.
  • this embodiment of the present invention is incorporated within a casing, the casing having at one end an inlet for a first fluid and at the other end an outlet for said first fluid so that the first fluid always flows in the same direction, the casing having an at least one inlet for a second fluid and an at least one outlet for a second fluid, the at least one outlet for the second fluid being adjacent the inlet for the first fluid so that in operation the first and second fluids flow in opposite directions adjacent the inlet for the first fluid.
  • a heat exchanger in accordance with any of the embodiments of the present invention in which a conduit may direct the second fluid from the primary region of the heat exchanger to the secondary region.
  • the conduit may extend outwardly of the casing.
  • first and second fluids flow in separate channels through the heat exchangers.
  • the separate channels may be defined by cylindrical tubes.
  • the first fluid is to be heated and the second fluid is to be cooled.
  • the first fluid is heated to a temperature sufficient to at least prevent solidification of any liquid impurities entrained within the fluids on the heat exchanger internal surfaces.
  • the first fluid may be fuel and the second fluid may be oil.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger 10 in accordance with the present invention in which two fluids are placed in heat exchange relationship.
  • the heat exchanger 10 comprises a casing 12 through which two fluids flow.
  • a first fluid flows from an inlet 14 at one end of the casing 12, to an outlet 16 at the other end of the casing 12.
  • the first fluid flows in the same direction through the heat exchanger as indicated by arrows A.
  • the second fluid flows in the direction indicated by arrows B from the inlet 18 to an outlet 20 a short distance away.
  • the second fluid is then ducted via a conduit 22 to a further inlet 24 at the opposite end of the casing 12.
  • the second fluid re-enters through the inlet 24 and passes in an opposite direction to the first fluid along the remaining length of the casing 12 before exiting via an outlet 26.
  • a first fluid such as fuel, which requires heating, enters the casing 12 of the heat exchanger 10 via the inlet 14.
  • the fuel flows in the direction indicated by arrows A, through the heat exchanger 10, to the outlet 16 at the opposite end of the casing 12.
  • a second fluid such as oil, which requires cooling, is placed in heat exchanger relationship with the fuel.
  • the oil enters the casing 12 of the heat exchanger 10 via the inlet 18 before exiting through the outlet 20 a short distance away.
  • the inlets for the fuel and oil, 14 and 18 respectively, are adjacent one another and the two fluids initially flow in parallel, in the same direction, in this primary region of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the temperature differential is greatest at the inlets 14 and 18 as no heat transfer has yet occurred.
  • Region C of Figure 2 shows the temperature differential between the two fluids in the primary region of the heat exchanger where the fluids flow in parallel. Due to the large temperature difference a high rate of heat transfer occurs between the fuel and the oil.
  • the rate of heat transfer and the average temperature in this primary region are therefore sufficient to substantially reduce the likelihood of ice forming on the heat exchanger internal surfaces at the fuel inlet 14 when the fuel contains water as a contaminant and has an extremely low inlet temperature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conduit 22 extending outwardly of the casing 12, it will be appreciated to one skilled in the art that a conduit within the casing would suffice.
  • Region D of Figure 2 shows the temperature differential between the two fluids in this secondary region of the heat exchanger where they flow in opposite directions (contra flow).
  • the contra flow in the secondary region of the heat exchanger 10 produces a more efficient heat transfer between the fuel and the oil.
  • FIG 3 shows a further embodiment of a heat exchanger 10a in accordance with the present invention.
  • the reference numerals used in Figure 3 are the same as in Figure 1 for integers common to both.
  • the oil enters the casing 12a via the inlet 18a and passes to the outlet 20a a short distance away.
  • the outlet 20a is adjacent the fuel inlet 14a so that the two fluids flow in opposite directions in the primary region of the heat exchanger 10a.
  • Region E of Figure 4 shows the temperature differential between the two fluids in the primary region of the heat exchanger 10a.
  • the large temperature differential between the two fluids in the primary region of the heat exchanger 10a results in a high rate of heat transfer occurring between the oil and the fuel.
  • the high rate of heat transfer ensures that the average temperature of the fluids in this region is sufficient to substantially reduce the likelihood of ice forming on the heat exchanger internal surfaces at the fuel inlet 14a when water contaminated fuel is used at low temperatures.
  • Region F of Figure 4 shows the temperature difference between the two fluids in the secondary region of the heat exchanger.
  • Both embodiments provide efficient heat exchangers in which the formation of ice is substantially reduced when using water contaminated fluids at low temperatures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP91301905A 1990-04-17 1991-03-07 Appareil et méthode pour échange de chaleur entre fluides Withdrawn EP0453080A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909008542A GB9008542D0 (en) 1990-04-17 1990-04-17 Apparatus for placing fluids in heat exchange relationship
GB9008542 1990-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0453080A1 true EP0453080A1 (fr) 1991-10-23

Family

ID=10674484

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91301905A Withdrawn EP0453080A1 (fr) 1990-04-17 1991-03-07 Appareil et méthode pour échange de chaleur entre fluides

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0453080A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04225789A (fr)
GB (1) GB9008542D0 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2413044A1 (fr) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-01 Grundfos Management A/S Unité de chauffage d'eau potable
EP3051246A1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2016-08-03 Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur pour aéronefs
US20170299287A1 (en) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Multi-region heat exchanger
EP3904810A1 (fr) * 2020-04-28 2021-11-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à ailettes et plaque de sous-congélation à débit transversal et à contre-débit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6397267B2 (ja) * 2014-08-22 2018-09-26 住友精密工業株式会社 熱交換器
JP5700890B1 (ja) * 2014-11-14 2015-04-15 住友精密工業株式会社 航空機用熱交換器

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH278109A (fr) * 1948-02-05 1951-09-30 Commentry Fourchambault & Deca Procédé d'échange de calories entre un fluide chauffant et un fluide chauffé et échangeur de chaleur pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.
US4147209A (en) * 1975-08-27 1979-04-03 Skf Industrial Trading And Development Company B.V. Corrosion resistant heat exchanger
DE3421746A1 (de) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-12 Apparatebau Wiesloch GmbH, 6908 Wiesloch Waermeaustauscher

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH278109A (fr) * 1948-02-05 1951-09-30 Commentry Fourchambault & Deca Procédé d'échange de calories entre un fluide chauffant et un fluide chauffé et échangeur de chaleur pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.
US4147209A (en) * 1975-08-27 1979-04-03 Skf Industrial Trading And Development Company B.V. Corrosion resistant heat exchanger
DE3421746A1 (de) * 1984-06-12 1985-12-12 Apparatebau Wiesloch GmbH, 6908 Wiesloch Waermeaustauscher

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2413044A1 (fr) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-01 Grundfos Management A/S Unité de chauffage d'eau potable
CN102345927A (zh) * 2010-07-30 2012-02-08 格伦德福斯管理联合股份公司 非饮用水加热单元
US9366447B2 (en) 2010-07-30 2016-06-14 Grundfos Management A/S Service water heating unit
EP3051246A1 (fr) * 2013-11-14 2016-08-03 Sumitomo Precision Products Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur pour aéronefs
US20170299287A1 (en) * 2016-04-14 2017-10-19 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Multi-region heat exchanger
EP3904810A1 (fr) * 2020-04-28 2021-11-03 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Échangeur de chaleur à ailettes et plaque de sous-congélation à débit transversal et à contre-débit
US11859918B2 (en) 2020-04-28 2024-01-02 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Crossflow/counterflow subfreezing plate fin heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04225789A (ja) 1992-08-14
GB9008542D0 (en) 1990-06-13

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