EP0454021B1 - Verfahren zum Deaktivieren einer Resonanzetikette und Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Deaktivieren einer Resonanzetikette und Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0454021B1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: circuit; pulse; pulses; circuit arrangement; pulse groups
Prior art date: 1990-04-25
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Expired - Lifetime

Application number

EP91106427A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP0454021A1 (de

Inventor

Jürgen Dipl.-Phys. Rehder

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Actron Entwicklungs AG

Original Assignee

Actron Entwicklungs AG

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1990-04-25

Filing date

1991-04-22

Publication date

1997-01-08

1991-04-22 Application filed by Actron Entwicklungs AG filed Critical Actron Entwicklungs AG

1991-10-30 Publication of EP0454021A1 publication Critical patent/EP0454021A1/de

1997-01-08 Application granted granted Critical

1997-01-08 Publication of EP0454021B1 publication Critical patent/EP0454021B1/de

2011-04-22 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
- G08B13/22—Electrical actuation
- G08B13/24—Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution
- G08B13/2402—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting
- G08B13/2405—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used
- G08B13/2414—Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags
- G08B13/242—Tag deactivation

Definitions

the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a circuit arrangement for performing this method.
the object of the invention is therefore to transmit a maximum of energy into the resonance label with the shortest possible transmission time and low peak power. This object is achieved by the deactivation method characterized in claim 1.
the invention is based on measurements and tests which show that with a constant alternating electromagnetic field with a deactivation frequency corresponding to the label, the The balance between the radiated energy and the energy consumed in the label by heat loss and radiation can be achieved after only a few vibrations. Every further vibration train emitted by the deactivator antenna increases the probability of deactivation of the resonance label only insignificantly.
each pulse means an oscillation excitation for the oscillating circuit given by the label, whereby the energy - only gradually released by the label - is contained therein as it were saves and builds up.
Each individual impulse can therefore be considerably weaker than before if one takes into account equally large ranges. This greatly reduces the possibility of interference with other components. Since the individual pulses are weaker, despite the use of a pulse group, i. ie of several pulses each, practically no increase in the total radiated energy.
the procedure is carried out according to feature a) of claim 2, it being possible in itself to determine the burst pause duration, i.e. choose the duration between two pulse groups (bursts) so that when the label has not yet been deactivated, a certain amount of energy from the previously emitted pulse group remains therein and at most contributes to the oscillation build-up.
features b) and / or c) of claim 2 are preferably provided.
a circuit arrangement according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized by the features of claim 3. This specifies two features in an alternative form, both of which work to solve the same problem. Because one should not forget that the pulse groups emitted according to the invention should have a verifiable deactivation effect.
the damping switch provided according to the second feature of claim 3 enables problem-free post-detection as to whether the deactivation has been carried out or not.
this switchover also makes it possible to make the range of the transmitter relatively large, since it is only conceivable with reasonable effort and high efficiency to feed a relatively high instantaneous power into the transmitting antenna with a low average power, by switching this resistor off or bypassing it during of the transmission mode is ensured that transmission power is not uselessly absorbed.
a central clock 1 for example with a clock frequency of 20 to 30 Hz, e.g. 25 Hz, is fed by a power supply unit 15, which - as symbolically indicated - can comprise one or more batteries; however, it can also be provided with mains connection terminals 16 and, if necessary, be switchable between the two current sources.
a power supply unit 15 which - as symbolically indicated - can comprise one or more batteries; however, it can also be provided with mains connection terminals 16 and, if necessary, be switchable between the two current sources.
the clock generator 1 may have a synchronization clutch 17 in order to be able to be synchronized with other devices.
the frequency of the clock generator determines the number of transmissions (number of emitted pulse groups or bursts per time unit) of the deactivator circuit. For this purpose, a sequence of short gating pulses is generated from the edges of the rectangular output voltage of the clock generator 1 via a stage 2.
This stage 2 represents a kind of timing element that determines the burst duration over the duration of the square-wave signals generated by it. For example, it can be designed as a monoflop responding to the rising edges of the square-wave signal generated by the clock generator 1.
the duration of the blanking pulses must also be limited accordingly.
the optimum number of pulses per pulse group will generally depend on the Q factor of the type of resonance label used.
a label with a high Q factor will usually need more momentum to balance between absorbed and radiated power is achieved as a label with a low Q factor.
the Q factor depends on the one hand on the quality of the dielectric of the label and on the other hand on the size of the space inside the inductor winding free of conductive coating.
the number of pulses per pulse group is calculated from Q / 2, ie corresponds to half the Q factor.
the gating pulses emitted by the timing element 2 arrive at an input of a gate circuit (AND gate) 3, the other input of which is connected to a pulse train generator 4, which in turn generates a sequence of preferably square-wave pulses.
the gate 3 is opened by the pulse pulses of the timing element 2 and allows a group of pulses emitted by the generator 4 to pass through for the corresponding duration (the burst duration).
the gating time is chosen as explained above to pass the desired number of pulses.
stages 1 to 4 together represent the actual pulse generator circuit for delivering pulse groups or bursts. If need be, they can also be replaced by other circuits, for example by an HF start-stop generator which is repeatedly triggered by a timing element and which therefore switches itself off after each start and after a predetermined number of pulses have been emitted. However, since such a generator generally requires a certain settling time, the solution explained first is preferred.
the resonance labels are subject to a certain manufacturing tolerance, which should not be drawn too closely for manufacturing reasons. So the natural frequency or resonance frequency of such labels can be subject to certain deviations. It is therefore advantageous if the pulse train generator 4 either carries an pulse repetition frequency modulator itself or, as shown, is connected to an outer modulator 14.
This stage 14 can be designed differently and have different functions. On the one hand, an adjustment of the frequency spectrum is desirable for the very reason that an adaptation to the respective labels that are in use is advantageous.
the stage 14 can be provided with a handle 18, which enables either continuous adjustment or a switchover.
the modulation can take place within a single pulse group or from burst to burst. Since the burst duration is relatively short, the former variant will only have limited success if it is not at least linked to the second variant.
the modulator designed as a ramp generator, which impresses the generator 4 with a continuous shift in the pulse repetition frequency, which shift will then have an effect within each pulse group itself, but also from pulse group to pulse group.
the modulator 14 is controlled by the output of an amplifier stage 5 and thus indirectly via the gating pulses of time stage 2, the frequency is not adjusted during the burst pauses between the individual pulse groups, but always during a gating pulse, the length of the Ramp expediently corresponds to a multiple of the duration of a gating pulse and therefore only passed after several gating pulses.
the amplifier 5 plays the role of a driver circuit for an output stage (power stage) 6, which receives its operating voltage via a voltage converter 7.
This like the HF oscillator 4, is shown as connected to the supply stage 15, but it may have its own power supply when powered by batteries.
the signal from the power stage 6 is then fed to the transmitting antenna C, L1.
the deactivation circuit is easily possible to design the deactivation circuit as a battery-operated device. In any case, it is advantageous to connect the circuit to a conventional bar code scanner 19 or to attach at least one of the two antennas C, L1 and / or L2 shown to the housing of this scanner 19.
the scanner 19 can be designed differently, but is preferably a flat bed scanner or a vertical scanner, such as is installed in cash register systems.
the antenna is e.g. simply mounted as an add-on on the scanner or set up in front of the scanner for vertical scanners. This may even ensure a particularly high deactivation rate if the scanner is held directly on the label. This can lead to the fact that the necessary deactivation energy can be reduced further.
the scanner 19 can be connected to the circuit arrangement shown by means of a jack plug 20 at a plug-in coupling 21, and if necessary it closes a changeover switch 22 by means of the jack plug 20 if the supply stage can optionally be switched from battery operation to mains operation. This switchover then results in the switchover to battery operation, if necessary.
a further timing element 9 for example a monoflop, is connected to the output of timing element 2, which generates pulse pulses with a substantially longer pulse duration compared to the pulse duration of the gating pulses generated by timing element 2.
This timing element 9 switches the receiving circuit on during the burst pauses.
the timer 9 is triggered by the falling edge of the blanking pulse from stage 2.
a label that is still swinging (and thus obviously not yet deactivated) is determined.
Such a signal comes in via the already mentioned receiving antenna L2, which has an upper limit stage 10 is connected downstream to prevent overmodulation and destruction of the receiving part.
an RF amplifier 11 is released by the timing element 9, the incoming signal can be fed via this, appropriately amplified, to an evaluation stage 12 which, as shown symbolically, actuates at most optical and / or acoustic signal devices 23, 24.
the respective signaling device 23 or 24 may be desirable to activate the signaling devices 23, 24 on different occasions. In some places it is preferred if the respective signaling device 23 or 24 only alarms if it has not been deactivated. This will also be the normal case. At times, however, it is desirable if a deactivation that has taken place is acknowledged by the respective signaling device 23 and / or 24 by actuating the same. If this is the case, only one selector switch 25 needs to be closed in the circuit shown.
the changeover switch 25 can then, instead of a simple switch as shown, be formed by a switch which can be set to several positions.
the timer 9 not only opens and closes a time window while the receiving circuit L2, 10-12, 23-25 is activated, but also this time window signal via an amplifier 8 (for adapting the Impedance) reaches a switching stage S1.
a damping resistor circuit R1 is connected to the antenna circuit C, L1 by means of this switching stage S1, which is expediently formed by an electronic switch.
the damping resistor circuit R1 can be formed in the manner shown by a single damping resistor or by several elements.
the interfering influence of the resonant antenna circuit C, L1 on the receiving circuit is largely eliminated by the damping resistance circuit R1, thereby facilitating the subsequent detection of a possible label echo via the receiving antenna L2.
the switch S1 is closed and the damping resistor circuit R1 is bridged.
the clock generator 1 can be synchronized with this detection system. On the one hand, this can be done simply by means of a cable via the connection 17; on the other hand, the required synchronization signal can also be obtained wirelessly via the existing receiving circuit. For this purpose, this is provided with means 26 (FIG. 1) which are able to discriminate the signals received by the label detection system and to use them to generate a synchronization signal suitable for the synchronization of the pulse train transmissions.
the primary consideration is a battery-operated device, although network operation would also be conceivable. Therefore, the connection with a bar code scanner 19 can also be seen.
the antenna C, L more easily on the housing of the scanner 19, only a single antenna C, L is provided here, which is operated alternatively as a transmitting and receiving antenna.
the output of power stage 6 and the input of limiter stage 10 are connected to a controlled switchover stage S1 ', which alternatively connects antenna C, L to the output of power stage 6 or the input of limiter stage 10.
This switching stage S1 ' is controlled, similarly to the switching stage S1 in FIG. 1, via the time window signal of the timing element 9 and the amplifier 8.
the damping resistor R1 can be switched as an input resistor of the limiter stage 10 and bridged by the switching stage S1. However, it could also be switched off in a different way than by bridging.
a label on the goods is in an unfavorable position relative to a transmitting antenna, for example, is exactly perpendicular to it, it can absorb practically no energy from it.
a plurality of transmit antennas is provided, i.e. at least two.
these antennas are perpendicular to one another. If more than two antennas are provided, which will generally not be necessary, they can be distributed in a correspondingly angular manner.
the output signals of power stage 6 are distributed to the transmission antennas C ', L1' and C '', L1 '', which in turn can be done by a switching stage S1 'assigned to the antennas, which in the case of several antennas Has the function of a multiplex stage.
this multiplex stage S1 ′′ is not controlled like the other switching stages S1 ′ and S1 assigned to the antennas via the timing element 9, but by a frequency divider 13, which subdivides the gating pulses from the timing element 2 by half the time the pulses a pulse group of the antenna C ', L1', in the other half of the antenna C '', L1 ''. Accordingly, the level 2 gating pulses will be longer than in the cases of Figs. 1 and 2.
a housing 26 on which only the signal devices 24 and 23 are guided to the outside.
a housing 26 is RF-tight. and has at least one inlet opening (possibly also an outlet opening in the manner of baggage screening devices at airports), which can at most be closed by a lid, the goods being inserted into the housing or passed through it to deactivate the label.
the design can be such that when the housing cover is closed, a deactivation switch can be closed, by means of which a deactivation pulse or, as in the case of the invention described above, a pulse group (burst) is triggered.
stage 13 in FIG. 3 represents a synchronization element which, if desired, can also be replaced by any other synchronization circuit.
stage 2 An additional timing element controlled by stage 2 and synchronized with this could also be provided to control the switching device S1 'in FIG. 2, but the use of the timing element 9, which is required anyway and determines the burst pauses, is evidently simpler.
the deactivation trigger switch actuated on the basis of the housing 26 does not necessarily have to be triggered by such a switch; rather, it would be conceivable for the deactivation signal to run continuously within the housing 26, in particular if the housing is designed as a continuous housing. On the other hand, in most cases, even if no housing 26 is provided, such a trigger switch will be desirable. This can now (although not shown) be attached at various locations, for example on the power supply unit 15 itself, in order to be able to switch it on or off centrally and to switch off all circuit parts.
a connection to a mode switch corresponding to the switch 25, but having a plurality of switch positions is expedient for the evaluation circuit 12 in order to emit a "thief detection signal" when the transmitting antenna emits only weak label detection signals, otherwise only between "label deactivated” or label not deactivated "to distinguish.
the timing element 2 can be designed as a multivibrator, in particular as an astable multivibrator. However, it can, preferably, include a counter that counts the incoming clock pulses and forms the respective strobe pulses from them.

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Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
Electromagnetism (AREA)
General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Digital Transmission Methods That Use Modulated Carrier Waves (AREA)
Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Measurement Of Resistance Or Impedance (AREA)
Discharge Heating (AREA)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)

EP91106427A 1990-04-25 1991-04-22 Verfahren zum Deaktivieren einer Resonanzetikette und Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0454021B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
CH1396/90		1990-04-25
CH139690		1990-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0454021A1 EP0454021A1 (de)	1991-10-30
EP0454021B1 true EP0454021B1 (de)	1997-01-08

Family

ID=4209450

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP91106427A Expired - Lifetime EP0454021B1 (de)	1990-04-25	1991-04-22	Verfahren zum Deaktivieren einer Resonanzetikette und Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0454021B1 (da)
JP (1)	JP2910873B2 (da)
AT (1)	ATE147527T1 (da)
DE (1)	DE59108459D1 (da)
DK (1)	DK0454021T3 (da)
ES (1)	ES2095267T3 (da)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DK167829B1 (da) *	1991-11-14	1993-12-20	Poul Richter Joergensen	Fremgangsmaade og apparat til aktivering og deaktivering af maerkesedler
NL1002150C2 (nl) *	1996-01-23	1997-07-25	Nedap Nv	Deactiveersysteem met verbeterde betrouwbaarheid.
CA2348535C (en) *	1998-10-30	2009-01-06	Sensormatic Electronics Corporation	Security systems for inhibiting theft of goods from retail stores
US6486782B1 (en) *	2000-07-07	2002-11-26	3M Innovative Properties	Device for changing the status of dual status magnetic electronic article surveillance markers
US6778087B2 (en)	2001-06-15	2004-08-17	3M Innovative Properties Company	Dual axis magnetic field EAS device

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
GB1599120A (en) *	1978-05-19	1981-09-30	Philips Electronic Associated	Detection system
US4498076A (en) *	1982-05-10	1985-02-05	Lichtblau G J	Resonant tag and deactivator for use in an electronic security system
US4728938A (en) *	1986-01-10	1988-03-01	Checkpoint Systems, Inc.	Security tag deactivation system
ES2039005T3 (es) *	1987-04-23	1993-08-16	Actron Entwicklungs Ag	Procedimiento para la desactivacion de una etiqueta de resonancia y disposicion de circuito para la realizacion del procedimiento.

1991
- 1991-04-22 EP EP91106427A patent/EP0454021B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-22 DE DE59108459T patent/DE59108459D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-22 ES ES91106427T patent/ES2095267T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-04-22 AT AT91106427T patent/ATE147527T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-04-22 DK DK91106427.7T patent/DK0454021T3/da active
- 1991-04-25 JP JP3191330A patent/JP2910873B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DK0454021T3 (da)	1997-06-16
EP0454021A1 (de)	1991-10-30
JPH04229394A (ja)	1992-08-18
DE59108459D1 (de)	1997-02-20
ES2095267T3 (es)	1997-02-16
ATE147527T1 (de)	1997-01-15
JP2910873B2 (ja)	1999-06-23

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