EP0454269A2 - Dispositif interrupteur à commande par pression de type multi-point - Google Patents

Dispositif interrupteur à commande par pression de type multi-point Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0454269A2
EP0454269A2 EP91201003A EP91201003A EP0454269A2 EP 0454269 A2 EP0454269 A2 EP 0454269A2 EP 91201003 A EP91201003 A EP 91201003A EP 91201003 A EP91201003 A EP 91201003A EP 0454269 A2 EP0454269 A2 EP 0454269A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
contacts
resistant
pressure
normally
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91201003A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0454269B1 (fr
EP0454269A3 (en
Inventor
Edward W. Duhon
Timothy P. Diperi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tapeswitch Corp of America
Original Assignee
Tapeswitch Corp of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tapeswitch Corp of America filed Critical Tapeswitch Corp of America
Publication of EP0454269A2 publication Critical patent/EP0454269A2/fr
Publication of EP0454269A3 publication Critical patent/EP0454269A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0454269B1 publication Critical patent/EP0454269B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H01H3/141—Cushion or mat switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2207/00—Connections
    • H01H2207/048—Inductive or infrared coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/0271—Bases, casings, or covers structurally combining a switch and an electronic component

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a press-at-any-point switching device, and more particularly, to a press-at-any-point switching device which comprises an electromagnetic wave generator and does not require direct coupling to a power source or the unit which is actuated.
  • Press-at-any-point switches have been designed for a wide variety of applications. They have been utilized as floor mats, in automobile seat cushions, on elongated surfaces of potentially dangerous, heavy moving objects, and in other applications where the use of a button or other form of "single-point switch", such as a type used for a conventional doorbell, would not be suitable.
  • Conventional press-at-any-point switches are typically located on or partially recessed within a surface which then defines an actuation zone. When pressure is applied to or in the case of a normally closed switch, removed from the actuation zone, a signal is relayed to a control mechanism, such as a motor.
  • These conventional switches are typically directly coupled to the control mechanism via electrically conductive leads, i.e. wires, or some other form of continuous conduit through which a signal is transmitted.
  • the installation of a press-at-any-point switch though highly desirable in a specific actuation zone, can be prohibitively expensive and can create other hazards.
  • the preferred actuation zone is on the surface of the floor in a warehouse or manufacturing facility.
  • the use of conventional press-at-any-point switches at these locations results in the presence of exposed electrical conduits which thereby create an undesirable obstruction to workers and machinery, or necessitates the expense of installing the electrical conduits in the flooring.
  • it becomes desirable to relocate the actuation zone it has been necessary with conventional press-at-any-point switches to cut a new trench in the concrete flooring for the relocation of the necessary electrical conduits. This procedure is expensive, very time consuming, and also creates the danger that a worker will be injured during the relocation.
  • the present invention is directed to a press-at-any-point switching device which comprises a switching element with a power source and an electromagnetic wave generator such as a radio transmitter.
  • the generated wave is designed to be transmitted to a remote signal receiver which is coupled to a conventional control unit such as a switch for an electric motor.
  • a conventional control unit such as a switch for an electric motor.
  • the switching element of the present invention comprises a signal generator, there is no need for cumbersome and possibly dangerous signal conduits, e.g. electrical cables, which directly couple the press-at-any-point switching device with the desired control unit.
  • Embodiments of the switching device of the present invention may be readily transported between different actuation zones without the expense, delay and potential danger inherent in the relocation of the electrical conduits of conventional press-at-any-point switching devices described above.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention with sections removed.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the switching device shown in Figure 1 along lines 2-2.
  • Figure 3 is a top, perspective view of a set of contacts shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is perspective end-view of the press-at-any-point contacts shown in Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the present invention with sections removed.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 6-6 of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a partial, bottom perspective view of a corner of the switching device illustrated in Figure 5 showing a battery access door.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention taken from a perspective similar to that of Figure 6.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view, with sections removed, of still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term "press-at-any-point” is meant to include switching elements which have an expanded actuation zone and which can be actuated by the application of or the removal of pressure at substantially any point along the actuation zone which essentially comprises one surface of the switch. In conformance with its usage in the art, this term is meant to exclude conventional contact switches such as those typically used for doorbells wherein the actuation of a device requires the application of pressure within a small, very specific area, such as the pushing of a button.
  • the press-at-any-point switching element is in the form of a floor mat as illustrated in Figures 1 to 8.
  • the switching element is in the form of a protected floor mat.
  • the switching element is in the form of a elongated edge switch for use on a elongated surface such as the edge of a moving object.
  • switching device 10 comprises a protective outer casing having a top cover 21, bottom cover 27 and side walls 25.
  • the outer casing is preferably formed of a wear-resistant moisture-resistant material such as a rubber elastomer, polyvinyl chloride, or polyurethane.
  • the outer casing is also preferably impermeable to dirt and other materials which may adversely affect the operation of the switching device.
  • Top layer 21, as well as all other layers utilized in mat 10 have at least a slight degree of flexibility which will allow the entire protective mat 10 to conform to floors or other mounting areas which are not perfectly flat. For example, it is preferable that the materials utilized in a mat having dimensions of 4 ft. X 4 ft.
  • X 1 inch allow the mat to be readily flexed at least about 5° and preferably at least about 20° without adversely affecting the operation of the mat, where the angle is defined as the angle between a flat floor on which one end of the mat is placed and a tangent drawn along the opposing bottom surface of the mat.
  • the angle of flexibility will depend, in part, upon the dimensions of the mat.
  • mat 10 is advantageously sufficiently flexible so that protective mat 10 can be placed over objects in the work area, such as a heavy utility electrical cord, without causing continuous actuation of the switches.
  • Top layer 21 is formed of any material which will withstand the environment in which the protective mat 10 will be used. For example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain materials will have greater resistance to corrosion by specific chemicals than other materials which might otherwise be suitable.
  • KOROSEAL manufactured by the Koroseal and Rubber Matting Products Company of Akron, Ohio, a division of R.J.F. International Corp. This particular elastomer has been found to have a high resistance to wear, puncture and cutting. Koroseal is also relatively easy to work with and seal along its edges using sealing methods known in the art, for example, heat sealing.
  • top layer 21 may also comprise ribs 24 in order to provide skid resistance for people stepping on the mat. Ribs 24 also enhance the drainage of liquids which may fall onto the mat and thereby increase the overall life of the mat. While the thickness of top layer 21 may vary for the particular applications in which protective mat 10 will be used, it has been found that the preferred thickness of upper layer 21 is at least about 1/16 inch and is more preferably about 3/16 inch including the top ribs.
  • the casing may be formed of two separate pieces having cut out portions which receive the operative switching elements or, in a simpler version, may simply comprise two substantially laminar sheets with sufficient overlap at the edges to permit the sealing of the sheets.
  • Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various methods of sealing the different portions of the casing may be utilized.
  • R-F heat sealing may be utilized when polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride materials are used since R-F energy provides durable seals which are relatively easy to form.
  • top layer 21 may advantageously be provided with a plurality of ridges 22 extending the width of the mat and disposed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axes of the switching elements. Ridges 22 are designed to concentrate the force applied to top layer 21 to specific points on the contact elements 30.
  • the operative elements of the switching device include at least one and preferably a plurality of contact members 30, a power source 40, and an electromagnetic wave generator 50 having an antenna 55.
  • the electrical contacts may take any of various forms known in the art wherein the application of, or removal of, pressure from any point in the desired actuation zone establishes or breaks an electrical communication thereby.
  • electrical pressure-actuated switch 30 comprises electrical contacts 31 and 32 separated by insulating material 33.
  • insulating material may be formed in the shape of a strip having grooves 34 on both sides as shown in Figure 4.
  • one contact strip 32 may be disposed below the insulating grooves 34 while the other contact strip 31 may be disposed above the insulating groove 34.
  • a non-conductive filament 35 is preferably wrapped around the electrical pressure-actuated switch 30 in order to hold the elements of the switch 30 together.
  • Switches 30 may be connected in parallel, as shown in Figure 1, or in series via electrically conductive wires.
  • pressure-actuated electrical switches 30 are connected to power source 40 and signal generator 50 via electrically-conductive conduits 39. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of pressure-actuated electrical switches may be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • one or more normally-closed pressure-actuated, press-at-any-point switches such as the types disclosed in co-pending U.S. patent applicaion 472,710 filed January 31, 1990, which is hereby incorporated by reference, may be used.
  • the desired spacing of the pressure-actuated switches will depend upon the specific application to which the protective mat will be used. A spacing of about 1 1/4 to about 5 inches from the center of one electrical switch to another is acceptable for many industrial applications.
  • signal generator 50 may be designed to generate an electromagnetic wave in response to a signal initiated at pressure-actuated switching elements.
  • the signal is transmitted via antenna 55 to a remote signal receiver.
  • Signal generator 50 may take several forms including any type of radio wave oscillator, an infra-red wave generator or a micro-wave generator. If a radio-wave generator is used, the present invention is not limited to specific frequencies or modulations.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention comprises a puncture-resistant protective layer wherein the switching elements are preferrably isolated from both the environment and the puncture-resistant member.
  • the preferred form of this embodiment comprises an upper moisture-resistant layer, a puncture-resistant and/or deformation-resistant protective layer disposed below the top layer, a bladder disposed below the protective layer and preferably attached to the upper layer so that the protective layer is isolated from the environment, and a switching chamber defined by the lower surface of the bladder and a lower outer surface.
  • the switching element is protected from harmful matter such as moisture, dirt, or corrosive chemicals which may be present in the work area near the protective mat even if the mat is subject to a blow from a sharp object which punctures the top outer layer.
  • a puncture-resistant, and preferably deformation-resistant protective layer 120 which disperses forces applied to the mat.
  • High, point-of-impact forces applied by sharp tools or the like, are dispersed over relatively wide areas in order to protect the portion of mat 100 disposed below protective layer 120 from puncture.
  • the term "deformation” is used to mean permanent deformation, i.e., a change in the shape of an object upon the application of a force wherein the object does not return to the configuration it had before the application of the force.
  • protective layer 120 has sufficient flexibility to enable bending of the entire protective mat 100 when the mat is not placed on a perfectly level surface.
  • Protective layer 120 must have a sufficient degree of flexibility so that if protective mat 10 is placed on an uneven surface or a surface containing a ridge, for example, a concrete floor having a heavy electrical cord which runs under mat 100, protective layer 120 permits the entire mat 100 to bend without continuously actuating the pressure-actuated element 160.
  • Protective layer 120 must also have sufficient resistance to permanent deformation such that if an object is dropped on protective mat 100, though the object may puncture top layer 110 and instantaneously deform protective layer 120, protective layer 120 will not stay in such deformed position so as to continuously actuate a pressure-actuated switching element.
  • One method of measuring the suitability of a material or combination of materials for use as protective layer 120 is to measure the distance that a dent or groove will protrude from the bottom surface of protective layer 120 after the application of an impact by a dart weighing about 2 1/2 pounds, with a point having a diameter of about 0.10 inches which is dropped from a still position approximately 8 feet above the mat.
  • the permanent deformation of a protective layer having a thickness of about 1/4 inch subject to the preceding "Dart Test" will preferably not exceed about 0.050 inches and is most preferably less than about 0.025 inches.
  • the term "puncture-resistant” means that the protective layer will not be punctured, i.e. such that a hole passes entirely through the protective layer, when the layer is subjected to the "Dart Test" referenced above but modified such that the dart is dropped from a height of about 3 feet. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that light gauge metals, such as 1/16 inch thick spring steel, are not “puncture-resistant” as that term is used herein.
  • protective layer 120 may be advantageously sealed between top layer 110 and a bladder layer 140.
  • protective layer 120 The material or combination of materials used in the construction of protective layer 120 are designed to disperse a blow of a sharp object which may come in contact with protective mat 10.
  • Protective layer 120 may be formed of a single material such as one or more layers of a high impact-resistant polycarbonate e.g. LEXAN/LEXGUARDTM made by General Electric, or may be formed from layers of different materials such as a high-impact resistant polycarbonate with a middle-layer of reenforcing material such as Kevlar.
  • the bottom or non-impact side of protective layer 120 is preferable to be generally smooth.
  • hermetically-sealed switching chamber 160 Disposed below protective layer 120 is a hermetically-sealed switching chamber 160, shown in Figure 6, defined by flexible, moisture-resistant bladder layer 140 and flexible, moisture-resistant bottom layer 180.
  • the top 141 of bladder layer 140 is preferably substantially smooth in order to receive an impact from protective layer 120 over as wide of an area as possible.
  • the bottom surface 142 of protective layer 140 preferably comprises a number of ribs 143 which extend substantially from one end of switching chamber 160 to the other end. The advantages provided by ribs 143 are the same as those provided by ribs 22 of mat 10 described above.
  • Bottom layer 180 has a top surface 181 and a bottom surface 182. As shown in Figure 6, bottom surface 182 of bottom layer 180 is advantageously provided with ribs 183 which will allow water and other fluids to drain below protective mat 100. Therefore, if protective mat 100 is intended for use in an area subject to liquid spills, protective mat 100 will not impede the drainage of the spilled liquid into an already existing drain nor will it cause fluids which might shorten the useful life of protective mat 100 to collect next to protective mat 100.
  • protective mat 100 also comprises a power source 190 and a signal generator 193 having an antenna 195.
  • the operation and actuation of a signal may be the same as described above with reference to mat 10.
  • Figure 8 illustrates an alternative embodiment of a protective mat of the present invention wherein a plurality of protective layers 220, 221 are utilized in order to provide protection to the operative switching elements.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a battery access door 99 which may be provided to give access to the power source, as well as the signal generator. Depending upon the intended use of the switching device, the battery access door 99 may be sealed with a replaceable, moisture-resistant sealer such as silicone.
  • a switching chamber may be divided into a number of switching zones for several reasons.
  • several isolated switching chambers can be provided.
  • the pressure-actuated device comprises a plurality of electrical pressure-actuated switches 130
  • the switches 130 are preferably arranged perpendicular to the ribs 143 of bladder layer 140. In this manner, the force applied by each rib 143 at the point of contact between rib 143 and pressure-actuated electrical switch 130 is more concentrated than if the ribs 143 extended parallel to switches 130. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, that the actuation of switches 130 only requires contact at a single point along the top or bottom of the switches 130, as opposed to a complete contact along the entire length of the switch 130.
  • a pneumatically-operated switching device could be coupled with a signal generator.
  • the present invention may be practiced with a pressure-actuated switching device taking many shapes.
  • a single pressure-actuated switching element such as switch 300 illustrated in Figure 9 may be electrically connected with an electromagnetic wave generator 350 and a power source 340.
  • Such a switch and/or the signal generator may be enclosed within a flexible protective housing 320.
  • the press at any point switch 300 is suitable for placement on the edge of a movable object such as the bottom of a garage door or another piece of equipment any may be fastened to the desired actuation surface if desired.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Supply Devices, Intensifiers, Converters, And Telemotors (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Control Of Presses (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
EP91201003A 1990-04-27 1991-04-26 Dispositif interrupteur à commande par pression de type multi-point Expired - Lifetime EP0454269B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51510890A 1990-04-27 1990-04-27
US515108 1990-04-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0454269A2 true EP0454269A2 (fr) 1991-10-30
EP0454269A3 EP0454269A3 (en) 1992-05-20
EP0454269B1 EP0454269B1 (fr) 1995-12-20

Family

ID=24050005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91201003A Expired - Lifetime EP0454269B1 (fr) 1990-04-27 1991-04-26 Dispositif interrupteur à commande par pression de type multi-point

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0454269B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3145135B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE131954T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2037401A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69115553T2 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2331627A (en) * 1997-11-22 1999-05-26 Draftex Ind Ltd A force-responsive sensor
EP1612822A1 (fr) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-04 Bircher Reglomat AG Élément de commutation, en particulier contact de bord ou natte de commutation
EP1667182A1 (fr) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-07 IEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS & ENGINEERING S.A. Elément de commutation en feuilles avec feuille de support améliorée
WO2007062441A1 (fr) * 2005-11-30 2007-06-07 Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh & Co. Kg. Dispositif de commutation, en particulier commutateur au pied, destine a un equipement de fabrication
US7365031B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2008-04-29 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive pressure sensitive textile
US8298968B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2012-10-30 Intelligent Textiles Limited Electrical components and circuits constructed as textiles
US10519575B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-12-31 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive fabric, method of manufacturing a conductive fabric and apparatus therefor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012105039B4 (de) * 2012-06-12 2020-11-12 BBC BircherAG Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schaltmatte und eine Schaltmatte

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3283096A (en) * 1964-07-16 1966-11-01 Horton Automatics Inc Mat switch having a pair of reinforcing members on the outside surface of the contact plates
AT333160B (de) * 1972-01-17 1976-11-10 Riedo Otto Korperbetatigbarer arbeitskontakt fur einen am korper tragbaren alarmsignalgeber
US5001310A (en) * 1989-04-26 1991-03-19 Tapeswitch Corporation Of America Puncture-resistant mat for pressure-actuated switches

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2331627A (en) * 1997-11-22 1999-05-26 Draftex Ind Ltd A force-responsive sensor
GB2331627B (en) * 1997-11-22 2001-09-12 Draftex Ind Ltd Force-responsive detectors and systems
US6297743B1 (en) 1997-11-22 2001-10-02 Gencorp Property Inc. Force-responsive detectors and systems
US7365031B2 (en) 2000-04-03 2008-04-29 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive pressure sensitive textile
US8298968B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2012-10-30 Intelligent Textiles Limited Electrical components and circuits constructed as textiles
US8669195B2 (en) 2004-02-27 2014-03-11 Intelligent Textiles Limited Electrical components and circuits constructed as textiles
EP1612822A1 (fr) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-04 Bircher Reglomat AG Élément de commutation, en particulier contact de bord ou natte de commutation
EP1667182A1 (fr) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-07 IEE INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONICS & ENGINEERING S.A. Elément de commutation en feuilles avec feuille de support améliorée
WO2007062441A1 (fr) * 2005-11-30 2007-06-07 Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh & Co. Kg. Dispositif de commutation, en particulier commutateur au pied, destine a un equipement de fabrication
US8720243B2 (en) 2005-11-30 2014-05-13 Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh & Co. Kg Switching device, especially floor switch, for a production device
US10519575B2 (en) 2015-12-18 2019-12-31 Intelligent Textiles Limited Conductive fabric, method of manufacturing a conductive fabric and apparatus therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04230920A (ja) 1992-08-19
DE69115553D1 (de) 1996-02-01
DE69115553T2 (de) 1996-05-02
JP3145135B2 (ja) 2001-03-12
CA2037401A1 (fr) 1991-10-28
ATE131954T1 (de) 1996-01-15
EP0454269B1 (fr) 1995-12-20
EP0454269A3 (en) 1992-05-20

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