EP0454880B1 - Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, et un réservoir pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé - Google Patents

Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, et un réservoir pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0454880B1
EP0454880B1 EP90108305A EP90108305A EP0454880B1 EP 0454880 B1 EP0454880 B1 EP 0454880B1 EP 90108305 A EP90108305 A EP 90108305A EP 90108305 A EP90108305 A EP 90108305A EP 0454880 B1 EP0454880 B1 EP 0454880B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
tank
storage tank
space
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90108305A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0454880A1 (fr
Inventor
Vladimir Dipl.-Ing. Puklavec
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TGE Marine Gas Engineering GmbH
Original Assignee
Tractebel Gas Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tractebel Gas Engineering GmbH filed Critical Tractebel Gas Engineering GmbH
Priority to DK90108305.5T priority Critical patent/DK0454880T3/da
Priority to EP90108305A priority patent/EP0454880B1/fr
Priority to AT90108305T priority patent/ATE117649T1/de
Priority to DE59008368T priority patent/DE59008368D1/de
Publication of EP0454880A1 publication Critical patent/EP0454880A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0454880B1 publication Critical patent/EP0454880B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/022—Land-based bulk storage containers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0678—Concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method on a cold-insulated storage tank for liquefied gases, in which the liquefied gas storage temperature is below the ambient temperature, which is usually the outside temperature, and also a storage tank for carrying out the method, in which is inside a closed outside tank there is an inner tank connected to this on the gas side, which contains the liquid gas to be stored - hereinafter referred to as product gas.
  • the invention relates to avoiding condensation of the liquid gas when the wall surfaces cool.
  • the storage temperature of a liquid gas for example a liquid butane (n-butane or i-butane), is, depending on the excess pressure, at a barometric pressure of 1013 mbar for n-butane i-butane at 50 mbar 0.78 -10.57 at 100 mbar 2.01 - 9.35 at 150 mbar 3.20 - 8.18 at 200 mbar 4.35 - 7.05
  • the method according to the invention consists in a controlled admixture of a lower-boiling gas to the vaporized portion of the stored gas to lower the dew point temperature in order to undesirably condense this portion of the stored, to avoid liquid gas called product gas when the ambient temperature drops.
  • the applicability of the procedure according to the invention is not dependent on a specific type of cold-insulated storage tank for liquefied gases at low temperatures; it can basically be used for any type of tank.
  • an open inner tank (open cup) is arranged inside a closed outer tank, and both tanks are connected to one another on the gas side.
  • the outer tank can fulfill two functions, namely that it can serve as a collecting container to hold the entire tank contents in the event of failure of the inner tank, and in addition to this task it can be designed as an insulating container.
  • the gas fed into the space between the inner and outer tanks cannot rise freely in the desired manner, which hinders the feed and can therefore greatly lengthen the feed time in an undesirable manner.
  • This can be attributed to a too narrow space, to internals or stiffeners or the like in the space or to the implementation of the cold insulation through a bed of granular material. This can cause undesirable pressure build-up due to the resistances in the bed.
  • the gas to be fed in with a higher vapor pressure is supplied to a greater extent to the intermediate space in the upper or roof area of the storage tank under sufficient excess pressure, and the intermediate space is thereby flushed from top to bottom, and it is also a modification provided that the entire gas to be fed is fed to the intermediate space in the upper or roof area of the storage tank with a higher vapor pressure.
  • Another advantageous special feature of the method according to the invention on a cold-insulated storage tank for liquefied gases in which the liquefied gas storage temperature is below the ambient temperature, which is usually the outside temperature, can also consist in that by controlled admixture of lower-boiling gases to lower the Dew point temperature prevents undesired condensation of the stored liquefied gas, referred to as product gas, in the event of a falling ambient temperature, in that the lighter-boiling gas compatible with the product gas, with a higher vapor pressure, is fed into the space between a closed external tank and an internal tank connected to it, and with there existing Product gas is produced by mixing a gas mixture whose dew point is below the ambient temperature, the entire gas to be fed in with the higher vapor pressure being fed to the space in the upper or roof area of the storage tank under sufficient excess pressure, so that the space is also flushed from top to bottom .
  • the further invention relates to the advantageous embodiment of a storage tank provided with cold insulation for liquefied gases, hereinafter referred to as product gas, in which an inner tank connected to this on the gas side is arranged within a closed outer tank and cold-insulating within the space created by the walls of the outer and inner tanks Layers are used.
  • FR-A-2216515 has disclosed a double-walled storage tank with insulating layers between the walls for low-temperature technology, which is intended for the reception of LNG at atmospheric pressure or one close to atmospheric pressure and has means which are used for blowing heated air into the lower cavities in the double wall serve from where the air is to circulate from bottom to top in these rooms.
  • This known storage tank is not equipped with gas-side connections between the outer and the inner tank, which is why it is not equipped with gas-side connections between the outer and the inner tank, even though it is not known by printing, but rather developed by the patent owner, which is why the method proposed here cannot be carried out with this storage tank.
  • the storage tank according to the invention is also provided with a ring line laid in the floor area of the space between the walls with evenly distributed outlet openings for feeding in a gas with higher vapor pressure compatible with the product gas, which via supply lines, shut-off and control elements with storage tanks or supply systems connected is.
  • a ring line laid in the floor area of the space between the walls with evenly distributed outlet openings for feeding in a gas with higher vapor pressure compatible with the product gas, which via supply lines, shut-off and control elements with storage tanks or supply systems connected is.
  • individual or slot-like inlet openings for the gas to be fed in which is compatible with the product gas and have a higher vapor pressure, are locally distributed in the upper or roof area and are connected to the supply lines.
  • the storage tanks can advantageously be designed in such a way that the cold-insulating layers are applied in the bottom area between the bottom of the inner and outer tanks.
  • the cold insulation can be created by attaching the cold-insulating layers to the side and / or roof walls of the inner and / or outer tank facing the space, while in the roof area a suitable solution can be that in the roof area the cold-insulating layer is formed as a suspended insulating ceiling and attached to the roof of the outer tank.
  • the cold-insulating layer is designed as a bed of granular insulating material in the intermediate space.
  • a storage tank of the generic type designed according to the invention is shown as an exemplary embodiment in the drawing and the method according to the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
  • the inner tank 3 is formed from its bottom 5 and the side walls 13 and is open at the top. Between the bottom 5 of the inner tank 3 and the outer tank 7, a cold insulation layer is used in a manner not shown.
  • the outer tank 7 consists of a bottom 6, the side walls 12 and the roof 18; it is made of concrete and is provided on its inner wall surfaces with a liquid-tight lining 16 made of corrosion-resistant steel.
  • the side wall surfaces 13 of the inner tank 3 facing the intermediate space 4 are provided with a cold-insulating layer 14.
  • a suspended insulating blanket 17 is attached.
  • a circumferential ring line 21 is laid with locally distributed outlet openings 22 and connected by means of the supply lines 23 via shut-off and control valves 24, 25 to a storage tank, not shown, for the gas to be fed in with a higher vapor pressure.
  • butane is transported and stored as a mixture of n- and i-butane - as well as admixtures of a few mol% of propane and pentane.
  • composition of the stored product 1 mole% propane 3 mol% i-butane 94 mol% n-butane 2 mol% n-pentane is the boiling point (ie the storage temperature) at an overpressure of 50 mbar approx. 0 ° C 100 mbar approx. 1.3 ° C 150 mbar approx.2.5 ° C
  • the tank pressure should be kept as low as possible for the aforementioned reasons.
  • the equilibrium gas phase at 50 mbar approx. 4.2 mol% propane about 4.3 mol% i-butane approx. 90.7 mol% n-butane about 0.8 mol% of n-pentane is at the specified storage temperature of 0 ° C at the dew point.
  • the required dew point temperature depends on the coldest temperature in the intermediate jacket space. This coldest temperature is dependent on the ambient temperature (in the case of a concrete outer tank, rather on the daily mean temperature) and on the heat transfer between the warmer tank content in the inner tank and the inside of the outer tank, which may be affected by the product gas (mixed with lower-boiling gas), including possibly cold insulation.
  • Appropriate temperature displays can be installed at these points, and an alarm can be triggered if the measured temperature values are equal to or lower than the product temperature or product gas dew point, and the feed of lower-boiling gas is initiated. It is irrelevant whether the low-boiling gas is fed in alone or premixed with the product gas (set to the desired dew point). In the latter case, the total amount of light gas to be fed in is lower, which also has advantages with regard to further treatment (e.g. re-liquefaction) when the warm ambient temperatures occur.
  • further treatment e.g. re-liquefaction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, avec lequel la température de stockage se trouve au-dessous de la température ambiante, la dernière étant normalement la température extérieure, procédé permettant, a l'aide d'un mélange contrôlé d'un gaz à point d'ébullition plus bas avec la portion évaporée du gaz stocké et par abaissement de la température du point de rosée, d'éviter lors d'une température ambiante en baisse, une condensation non-désirée de cette portion du gaz liquéfié, désigné comme gaz produit (PG).
  2. Procédé selon revendication 1, pour un réservoir avec réservoir intérieur disposé dans un réservoir extérieur fermé et, du côté gaz, relié à ce dernier, avec lequel un gaz, à pression de vapeur plus élevée et compatible avec le gaz produit (PG) s'alimente à l'espace (4) entre les réservoirs extérieur et intérieur (7, 3), dans la zone inférieure (8) et aux positions uniformément espacées, gaz montant dû à la gravité, se répandissant sur l'espace (4) de toute la zone ambiante (9) du réservoir intérieur (3) et se mélangeant avec le gaz produit (PG) là disponible, et par cela on obtient un mélange de gaz dont le point de rosée se situe au-dessous de la température ambiante.
  3. Procédé selon revendication 1 pour un réservoir comportant un réservoir intérieur disposé dans un réservoir extérieur fermé et relié à ce dernier du côté gaz, avec lequel un gaz à pression de vapeur plus élevée et compatible avec le gaz produit (PG) s'admet dans l'espace (4) entre les réservoirs extérieur et intérieur (7, 3) et à des endroits uniformément espacés et, en une portion plus grande et sous une surpression suffisante, dans l espace (10) de la partie supérieure respectivement de la zone de toit (11) du réservoir (1) tout en effectuant un balayage de l'espace (4) de haut en bas.
  4. Procédé selon revendication 1 permettant d'alimenter le gaz à point d'ébullition plus bas et à une pression de vapeur plus haute, compatible avec le gaz produit (PG), à l'espace (4) entre un réservoir extérieur fermé (7) et un réservoir intérieur (3) disposé dans ce dernier et relié au réservoir extérieur du côté gaz, et permettant encore de produire un mélange de gaz tout en utilisant le gaz produit (PG) là-bas disponible, mélange dont le point de rosée se trouve au-dessous de la température ambiante, ici tout le gaz à pression de vapeur plus élevée et à alimenter s'admet sous une surpression suffisante dans l'espace (10) de la partie supérieure respectivement de la zone de toit (11) du réservoir (1), de sorte qu'un balayage de l'espace (4) s'effectue de haut en bas.
  5. Procédé selon revendication 3 utilisant un gaz produit surchauffé en tant que gaz à alimenter.
  6. Réservoir, isolé contre le froid, pour gaz liquéfié, ci-après désigné comme gaz produit (PG), permettant la réalisation du procédé selon une seule des revendications 2, 3 ou 4 et comportant un réservoir intérieur (3) disposé dans un réservoir extérieur fermé (7) et relié à ce dernier du côté gaz,
    caractérisé par
    a) les couches thermo-isolantes (14, 15, 17) montées dans l'espace (4) créé par les parois (12, 13) des réservoirs extérieur et intérieur (7, 3),
    b) une conduite circulaire (21), installée dans la zone inférieure (8) de l'espace (4) et comportant des ouvertures de sortie uniformément distribuées (22) pour alimenter un gaz à pression de vapeur plus élevée et compatible avec le gaz produit (PG), qui
    c) par des conduites d'alimentation (23), des organes d'arrêt et dispositifs de réglage (24, 25), a été reliée à des réservoirs ou systèmes d'alimentation.
  7. Réservoir selon revendication 6, caractérisé par ce que dans la partie supérieure ou la zone de toit (11), des ouvertures d'entrée individuelles ou des ensembles de fentes, localement distribués et reliés aux conduites d'alimentation (23), ont été disposés pour le gaz à alimenter ayant une pression de vapeur plus élevée, gaz compatible avec le gaz produit (PG).
  8. Réservoir selon revendication caractérisé par ce que les couches thermo-isolantes (14, 15, 17) ont été montées dans la zone inférieure (8) entre les fonds (5, 6) des réservoirs intérieur et extérieur (3, 7).
  9. Réservoir selon revendication 6, caractérisé par ce que les couches thermo-isolantes (14, 15) ont été fixées aux parois latérales et/ou tôles de toiture (12, 13) des réservoirs intérieur et/ou extérieur (3, 7), parois et/ou tôles tournées vers l'espace (4).
  10. Réservoir selon revendication 6, caractérisé par ce qu'en zone de toit (11), la couche thermo-isolante a été réalisée comme ciel d'isolement suspendu (17) et fixée au toit (18) du réservoir extérieur (7).
  11. Réservoir selon revendication 6, caractérisé par ce que la couche thermo-isolante a été réalisée comme remblai de matière isolante en grains dans l'espace (4), en la zone des parois latérales (12, 13) des réservoirs intérieur et extérieur (3, 7).
EP90108305A 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, et un réservoir pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0454880B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK90108305.5T DK0454880T3 (da) 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Fremgangsmåde ved en varmeisoleret lagertank for kondenseret gas, og lagertank til brug ved udøvelse af fremgangsmåden
EP90108305A EP0454880B1 (fr) 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, et un réservoir pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé
AT90108305T ATE117649T1 (de) 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Verfahren an einem kältegedämmten lagertank für verflüssigtes gas und lagertank zur durchführung des verfahrens.
DE59008368T DE59008368D1 (de) 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Verfahren an einem kältegedämmten Lagertank für verflüssigtes Gas und Lagertank zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90108305A EP0454880B1 (fr) 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, et un réservoir pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0454880A1 EP0454880A1 (fr) 1991-11-06
EP0454880B1 true EP0454880B1 (fr) 1995-01-25

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ID=8203943

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90108305A Expired - Lifetime EP0454880B1 (fr) 1990-05-02 1990-05-02 Procédé pour un réservoir à gaz liquéfié, isolé contre le froid, et un réservoir pour la réalisation d'un tel procédé

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0454880B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE117649T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59008368D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0454880T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106986111A (zh) * 2017-05-08 2017-07-28 中车长江车辆有限公司 油箱内置的保温集装箱

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CN109737300B (zh) * 2019-01-10 2020-08-04 舟山市祥睿船舶科技开发有限责任公司 一种节能型lng燃气供应装置
CN110207000B (zh) * 2019-06-28 2024-03-26 浙江振申绝热科技股份有限公司 一种低温储罐的罐顶结构
CN116557751A (zh) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-08 中国石化工程建设有限公司 一种储存低温液化烃的方法及系统
CN114458945B (zh) * 2022-02-23 2024-01-26 中太(苏州)氢能源科技有限公司 一种采用液气冷壁的大型液氢全容罐
CN114704761A (zh) * 2022-03-17 2022-07-05 江苏兆辉防腐科技有限公司 一种钢滚塑pfa立式储罐
CN114673925B (zh) * 2022-04-26 2024-01-23 中太能源科技(上海)有限公司 一种用于液氢储存的常压储罐

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB870267A (en) * 1957-08-09 1961-06-14 Garrett Corp Tank for storing low temperature liquids in ambient surroundings
US2984080A (en) * 1958-06-25 1961-05-16 Conch Int Methane Ltd Method and means for the transportation of liquefied natural gas
GB1401915A (en) * 1973-01-31 1975-08-06 Carves Simon Ltd Cryogenic storage tanks

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106986111A (zh) * 2017-05-08 2017-07-28 中车长江车辆有限公司 油箱内置的保温集装箱
CN106986111B (zh) * 2017-05-08 2020-08-07 中车长江车辆有限公司 油箱内置的保温集装箱

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE117649T1 (de) 1995-02-15
DE59008368D1 (de) 1995-03-09
EP0454880A1 (fr) 1991-11-06
DK0454880T3 (da) 1995-06-26

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