EP0455256A2 - Bougie à incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie à incandescence Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0455256A2
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: glow; glow plug; resistance element; tube; resistance
Prior art date: 1990-05-04
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP91107216A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP0455256B2 (fr

EP0455256B1 (fr

EP0455256A3 (en

Inventor

Helmut Dipl.-Ing.(FH) Müller

Werner Dipl.-Ing.(Fh) Baeskow

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Original Assignee

BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1990-05-04

Filing date

1991-05-03

Publication date

1991-11-06

Family has litigation

First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6405719&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0455256(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

1991-05-03 Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG

1991-11-06 Publication of EP0455256A2 publication Critical patent/EP0455256A2/fr

1992-01-15 Publication of EP0455256A3 publication Critical patent/EP0455256A3/de

1994-08-24 Application granted granted Critical

1994-08-24 Publication of EP0455256B1 publication Critical patent/EP0455256B1/fr

1997-12-03 Publication of EP0455256B2 publication Critical patent/EP0455256B2/fr

2011-05-03 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 21
UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
229910003321 CoFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
229910000953 kanthal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1

Images

Classifications

- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

the invention relates to a glow plug according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
the helical resistance element extends over the entire length of the glow tube.
These known glow plugs require an electrical output of more than 120 W per candle with still air for a steady temperature of approx. 900 to 1000 ° C.
the object of the invention is to provide a glow plug whose glow tube can be heated to a temperature of the order of 850 ° C. with a lower electrical output while the engine is running.
a glow plug 1 with a glow plug body 3 and a glow tube 2, which is closed at its end remote from the glow plug body 3.
a resistance wire coil 4 hereinafter referred to as the heating coil, is located in the tip of the glow tube 2, i.e. thus concentrated on the end of the glow tube 2 facing away from the glow plug body 3.
the heating coil 4 consists of a heating wire, the resistance of which is largely independent of the temperature (e.g. Kanthal).
the heating coil 4 can be wholly or, as shown in FIG.
the heating coil has the part 4a with essentially temperature-independent resistance or with a resistance with a weakly positive or negative temperature coefficient and the part 4b with a strongly positive temperature coefficient ( spatial arrangement of parts 4a and 4b, can also be interchanged), partially consist of a heating wire with control characteristics (eg: Ni, CoFe, Fe, ).
control characteristics eg: Ni, CoFe, Fe, .
the entire heating coil that is to say including that part of it, which may be present and which has control characteristics, is concentrated in the tip of the glow tube.
This area is limited to max. 10 mm, preferably 4 to 7 mm, limits and occupies a range of less than 1/3 of the free glow tube length.
a low-resistance connection 6 e.g. made of a nickel wire, which extends straight through the glow tube 2.
the heating coil 4 is embedded in the glow tube 2 with the aid of an electrically insulating material 7 designed as granules. MgO is usually used as the insulation material.
an insulation material with higher thermal conductivity e.g. AlN2
an insulation material with lower thermal conductivity is used in the area of the low-resistance wire connection.
the spatial expansion of the heating coil 4 is deliberately concentrated on the tip of the glow tube in order to minimize the glowing volume.
the electrical power to be applied to reach a specific glow plug temperature can be kept low. This low electrical power is a prerequisite for continuous operation of the glow plug. It also minimizes the losses from convection, radiation and heat conduction.
FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a glow plug, in which a protective tube 9 surrounding the glow tube 2 is provided to further reduce the heat losses at lower temperatures in the combustion chamber or the prechamber of the engine during the gas exchange processes.
a protective tube 9 surrounding the glow tube 2 is provided to further reduce the heat losses at lower temperatures in the combustion chamber or the prechamber of the engine during the gas exchange processes.
one or more openings 10 are provided at the tip and / or on the circumference of the protective tube 9, which allow the fuel-air mixture access to the glowing glow tube end, where the fuel-air mixture is then ignited.
the protective tube 9 also has the function of preventing the heated glow tube from overheating at very high combustion chamber temperatures. This embodiment is particularly suitable for use in engines with very high gas exchange speeds and thus high convection losses.
Fig. 3 shows schematically the control of the glow plugs using the example of a 4-cylinder engine.
An electrical switching device controls the individual glow plugs, e.g. via power switching transistors, depending on vehicle condition on and off.
the individual glow plugs are switched on in succession with a slight time delay.
the duration of the preheating phase can be changed depending on various parameters, such as outside temperature, cooling water temperature, supply voltage, glow plug resistance.
the glow plugs are switched on in succession so that overheating of the glow plugs is avoided.
the glow plugs are designed electrically so that with a duty cycle of 25% the desired glow plug temperature of e.g. > 850 ° C is reached.
glow plugs it may be advantageous to insert an intermediate glow phase with a 50% or 75% duty cycle after the preheat phase. Two or three glow plugs are then heated simultaneously.
the glow plugs are checked for functionality by the control device and any defects are displayed to the driver.
Such a test phase can be provided both before the preheating time and in the respective clock pauses of the individual glow plugs. If a heating coil with temperature-dependent resistance is used for the glow plugs, the coil temperature can also be monitored.
FIG. 4 shows the temperature profile on the glow tube surface after a heating-up time of 30 seconds.
the glowing volume is concentrated on the glow tube tip in the glow plug according to FIG. 1 (solid line); all electrical energy is converted in the area of the glow tube tip, where the resistance wire coil is concentrated.
the major part of the electrical energy is converted in the area of the regulating filament part of the resistance wire filament, which extends over the larger part of the glow tube length on the side facing the glow plug body. This part of the glow tube is measured in the glow plug in question by a low-resistance feedback.
Fig. 5. 5 shows both the glow current over time and the surface temperature at the glow tube tip.
the known glow plug (dashed line) begins with a high initial current peak, which leads to the heating of the control coil. Due to the increasing resistance of the control coil, the glow current decreases and the control coil takes over most of the electrical energy. It takes approx.6.5 s to reach a temperature of 850 ° C at the glow tube tip and approx.9.5 s to reach 950 ° C.
a comparison of the known series glow plug and the object glow plug (FIG. 6) during engine operation with a constant heating power of approx. 40 W resulted in the following.
the standard glow plug only reached a slight increase in temperature at every combustion chamber temperature, while the glow plug in question assumed a temperature of> 850 ° C in every driving condition.
the temperature rises to approximately 1000 ° C. at high combustion chamber temperatures.
the glow plug with protective tube according to FIG. 2 shows an almost constant temperature over the entire driving range at the tip of the glow tube. This is due to the shielding effect of the protective tube. This can further improve the life of the glow plug.
the thermowell takes on a higher temperature and thus acts as Glow ignition exciter.
the shortening of the ignition delay is known to result in a reduction in combustion noise and airborne noise.
FIG. 8 shows schematically the installation of a glow plug according to FIG. 1 in a swirl chamber of a diesel engine.
the central control unit records the various engine parameters and supplies the glow plugs with an appropriate heating output.
this control unit can also Take over injection control and monitoring of the glow plugs.
FIG. 9 schematically shows the control device that is supplied with the different input variables. This data is processed according to a predetermined program in a microprocessor, which then controls the power output stage. Engine-specific data and maps can be stored in a memory block. In addition, the microprocessor performs function monitoring (diagnosis) of the glow plugs and reports any errors to the driver.
function monitoring diagnosis

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Spark Plugs (AREA)
Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Resistance Heating (AREA)
Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

EP91107216A 1990-05-04 1991-05-03 Bougie à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0455256B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
DE4014356		1990-05-04
DE4014356A DE4014356A1 (de)	1990-05-04	1990-05-04	Gluehkerze

Publications (4)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0455256A2 true EP0455256A2 (fr)	1991-11-06
EP0455256A3 EP0455256A3 (en)	1992-01-15
EP0455256B1 EP0455256B1 (fr)	1994-08-24
EP0455256B2 EP0455256B2 (fr)	1997-12-03

Family

ID=6405719

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP91107216A Expired - Lifetime EP0455256B2 (fr)	1990-05-04	1991-05-03	Bougie à incandescence

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
US (1)	US5172664A (fr)
EP (1)	EP0455256B2 (fr)
JP (1)	JPH0696838A (fr)
AT (1)	ATE110460T1 (fr)
DE (2)	DE4014356A1 (fr)
ES (1)	ES2061111T5 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
DE4133338A1 (de) *	1991-10-08	1993-04-15	Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A	Gluehkerze
DE4301252A1 (de) *	1993-01-19	1994-07-21	Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A	Stabflammglühkerze
DE4335292A1 (de) *	1993-10-15	1995-04-20	Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A	Glühkerze
DE4431477C2 (de) *	1994-09-03	1996-09-26	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Starthilfevorrichtung, insbesondere für einen Dieselmotor
DE19812785A1 (de) *	1998-03-24	1999-10-07	Beru Ag	Schutzrohre für Glüh- und Meßelemente
US6064039A (en) *	1998-04-15	2000-05-16	Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd.	Glow plug with small-diameter sheath tube enclosing heating and control coils
DE19833862A1 (de) *	1998-07-28	2000-02-03	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Heizelement für Lambda-Sonden
HUP0202789A2 (en) *	1999-08-27	2003-01-28	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Ceramic sheathed element glow plug
DE10041289B4 (de) *	2000-08-22	2005-05-04	Beru Ag	Glühkerze
EP1406046B1 (fr) *	2001-06-19	2014-12-31	NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd.	Bougie de prechauffage et procede de fabrication d'une bougie de prechauffage
EP2378111A1 (fr) *	2002-05-14	2011-10-19	NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd.	Bougie de préchauffage
US6878903B2 (en) *	2003-04-16	2005-04-12	Fleming Circle Associates, Llc	Glow plug
DE102007031613B4 (de) *	2007-07-06	2011-04-21	Beru Ag	Verfahren zum Betreiben von Glühkerzen in Dieselmotoren
DE102008008205A1 (de) *	2008-02-07	2009-08-13	Robert Bosch Gmbh	Metallische Glühstiftkerze mit Temperaturmessung

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2898571A (en) *	1954-12-20	1959-08-04	Vickers Electrical Co Ltd	Methods of manufacturing tubular sheathed heating elements
GB1215013A (en) *	1967-04-05	1970-12-09	Wire Products & Machine Design	Improvements in or relating to encased electric heating elements
DE2746496A1 (de) *	1977-10-15	1979-04-26	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Gluehstiftkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE2802625C3 (de) *	1978-01-21	1985-07-18	BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg	Glühkerze
DE2900984C2 (de) *	1979-01-12	1983-01-05	W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau	Glühkerze für Dieselmotoren
US4312120A (en) *	1980-05-22	1982-01-26	Bendix Autolite Corporation	Glow plug manufacture
JPS59231321A (ja) *	1983-06-13	1984-12-26	Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd	自己制御型グロ−プラグ
DE3502525C2 (de) *	1985-01-25	1993-11-11	Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A	Glühelement
JPS63266172A (ja) *	1987-04-22	1988-11-02	Mitsubishi Electric Corp	デイ−ゼルエンジンのグロ−プラグ制御装置
GB2220446B (en) *	1988-04-06	1992-05-27	Champion Spark Plug Europ	Glow plug for internal combustion engine
DE3822693A1 (de) *	1988-07-05	1990-01-11	Vacuumschmelze Gmbh	Widerstandselement fuer gluehkerzen
DE3825013A1 (de) *	1988-07-22	1990-01-25	Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A	Gluehkerze
DE9005085U1 (de) *	1990-05-04	1990-08-09	BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg	Glühkerze

1990
- 1990-05-04 DE DE4014356A patent/DE4014356A1/de not_active Withdrawn
1991
- 1991-05-02 JP JP3130648A patent/JPH0696838A/ja active Pending
- 1991-05-03 ES ES91107216T patent/ES2061111T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-03 AT AT91107216T patent/ATE110460T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-05-03 DE DE59102605T patent/DE59102605D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-03 EP EP91107216A patent/EP0455256B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-06 US US07/694,960 patent/US5172664A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
DE59102605D1 (de)	1994-09-29
JPH0696838A (ja)	1994-04-08
US5172664A (en)	1992-12-22
DE4014356A1 (de)	1991-11-07
EP0455256B2 (fr)	1997-12-03
ES2061111T3 (es)	1994-12-01
EP0455256B1 (fr)	1994-08-24
EP0455256A3 (en)	1992-01-15
ES2061111T5 (es)	1998-02-16
ATE110460T1 (de)	1994-09-15

Legal Events

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1991-09-20	PUAI	Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012
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1995-05-24	PLBI	Opposition filed	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260
1995-07-12	26	Opposition filed	Opponent name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH Effective date: 19950522
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1998-02-11	GBTA	Gb: translation of amended ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(b)/1977)
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Publication	Publication Date	Title
EP0455256B1 (fr)	1994-08-24	Bougie à incandescence
DE3010591C2 (fr)	1989-11-16
EP0189086B1 (fr)	1990-09-12	Elément à incandescence
DE3007129C2 (fr)	1988-01-14
EP1162368A2 (fr)	2001-12-12	Procédé et circuit pour le chauffage d'une bougie de préchauffage
DE102018110382A1 (de)	2019-10-31	Verfahren zur Temperaturermittlung eines elektrisch beheizbaren Katalysators
EP0315934B1 (fr)	1994-01-19	Méthode pour le réglage de la température des bougies dans un moteur diesel et circuit pour la réalisation de la méthode
DE102008008205A1 (de)	2009-08-13	Metallische Glühstiftkerze mit Temperaturmessung
DE102007055797A1 (de)	2008-07-03	Glühkerze für einen Verbrennunsmotor
DE102019127417A1 (de)	2019-11-28	Vorkammerheizungssystem
EP0327900B1 (fr)	1991-08-28	Dispositif de régulation pour moteur à combustion
DE9005085U1 (de)	1990-08-09	Glühkerze
EP0603795A2 (fr)	1994-06-29	Installation de préchauffage à flamme
DE69718121T2 (de)	2003-08-21	Glühkerze
DE69609722T2 (de)	2001-04-05	Kühlungsanlage für ein kraftfahrzeug mit einem verbrennungsmotor
EP2702264B1 (fr)	2017-09-20	Procédé et dispositif destinés à déterminer une température d'une bougie-crayon de préchauffage en fonctionnement dans un moteur à combustion interne
EP0392181B1 (fr)	1993-06-02	Bougie à incandescence
DE102007019882A1 (de)	2008-11-06	Zündeinrichtung für einen Gasmotor sowie Gasmotor
DE10130693A1 (de)	2002-01-10	Glühkerze
DE102013211789A1 (de)	2014-12-24	Glühstiftkerze für Glühtemperaturregelung
DE102009022040A1 (de)	2010-11-25	Gasbrenner, Flammenüberwachungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Flammenüberwachung
EP1034400A1 (fr)	2000-09-13	Bougie de prechauffage a fourreau destinee a des moteurs a combustion interne
DE10162254A1 (de)	2003-07-10	Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Bestimmen des elektrischen Widerstandes eines PTC-Heizelementes
DE102010001662B4 (de)	2011-09-01	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben einer Glühkerze in einer Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE8904401U1 (de)	1990-08-02	Glühstiftkerze