EP0455745B1 - Zurückziehbare kuppelstruktur - Google Patents

Zurückziehbare kuppelstruktur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0455745B1
EP0455745B1 EP90903658A EP90903658A EP0455745B1 EP 0455745 B1 EP0455745 B1 EP 0455745B1 EP 90903658 A EP90903658 A EP 90903658A EP 90903658 A EP90903658 A EP 90903658A EP 0455745 B1 EP0455745 B1 EP 0455745B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panels
dome
disposed
generally
retractable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90903658A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0455745A4 (en
EP0455745A1 (de
Inventor
George S. Reppas
William D. Goryl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0455745A1 publication Critical patent/EP0455745A1/de
Publication of EP0455745A4 publication Critical patent/EP0455745A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0455745B1 publication Critical patent/EP0455745B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/16—Roof structures with movable roof parts
    • E04B7/166—Roof structures with movable roof parts characterised by a translation movement of the movable roof part, with or without additional movements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
    • E04H3/10—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons for meetings, entertainments, or sports
    • E04H3/14—Gymnasiums; Other sporting buildings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dome structures and, more particularly, to a retractable dome stadium.
  • US-A-4 682 449 which provides the basis for the prior art portion of claim 1, discloses a structure for a stadium roof which is retractable to expose a large rectangular area.
  • the roof sections are relatively massively built in order to provide the necessary span and to be formed as two only separately retracting leaves.
  • the present invention appreciates that a lighter structure can be achieved, as defined in claim 1, using symmetrically truncated, generally lune-shape panels which can readily be retracted and which have the benefits of a spherical dome type structure, rather than a rectangular roof structure.
  • the panels are of identical size and shape which can be stacked in their stowed retracted position and which are readily movable.
  • arches are provided intermediate the length of the panels for supporting the panels during movement and in their closed position with additional tracks receiving the truncated ends of the panels.
  • the present invention is applicable to virtually any type of structure, including stadiums or the like, but for exemplary purposes is illustrated embodied in the athletic stadium of Figures 1-4.
  • the stadium generally comprises an activity surface in the form of a playing area 10, a plurality of tiers of seating 12, seating boxes 14, parking levels 16, pedestrian ramps 18 and like features common to most stadiums.
  • the present stadium is unique in that it can be fully opened and closed utilizing an improved retractable dome arrangement, generally comprising a plurality of generally equal width lune-shaped dome panels 20 movable between a closed position such as shown in Figures 1 and 4 (left side) in which the panels are disposed in side-by-side relationship to define a generally spherical segment shaped dome, and an open position such as shown in Figures 2 and 4 (right side) in which the panels are stacked one above the other.
  • a lune is the surface of a sphere included between two great circles disposed at a given included angle of inclination.
  • the dome of the present invention approximates a circular segment of a sphere and it is the shape of a truncated lune which is used for each of the movable dome panels.
  • the top of the stadium complex is provided with a deck 22 defining a generally circular opening 24 disposed in close and slightly overlapping relationship with the outer ends of panels 20 in all positions thereof.
  • Panels 20 are supported intermediate their ends by a pair of arcuate support rails 26 each having an upper surface having a plurality of arcuate steps 28, one for each panel 20 (Figure 5-7), and which lie generally on a great circle of the imaginary sphere defined by the dome.
  • the center of curvature of each step 28 is coincident with the center of the imaginary sphere with the radius of each step surface differing from the adjacent step surface by an amount approximately equal to the thickness of a panel 20.
  • Each panel 20 has at least two supporting wheels 30 in alignment with each rail 26, and when the dome is closed each panel 20 is directly supported by rail 26 ( Figure 5) with the adjacent edges of panels 20 slightly overlapping one another to provide a weatherproof joint.
  • the two centermost panels 20 abut one another at an interface 32 ( Figure 1) which can be provided with a suitable weatherproof seal.
  • panels 20 When panels 20 are moved downwardly and outwardly to the open position they roll from rail 26 onto the top surface (properly reinforced) of the next lower panel, and so on ( Figure 6-7) until they reach the nested or stacked condition shown at the right side of Figure 4.
  • Rails 26 are held in position by a suitable pair of arcuate supports 34, which can also be located on great circles of the imaginary sphere.
  • Panels 20 are also supported on arcuate arches 40 disposed at each end thereof.
  • Arches 40 illustrated generally in Figures 3 and 4, are substantially parallel to one another, being disposed in parallel vertical planes equally spaced from the center of the dome. The overall arc of each arch is the arc defined by the intersection of the vertical plane in which the arch lies and the imaginary sphere of the dome itself.
  • Each arch 40 has a flat inclined arcuate surface 42 facing the ends of each panel 20 and being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof. Surfaces 42 each lie on the plane of a great circle of the imaginary sphere of the dome, and each has on the face thereof a plurality of parallel arcuate slots 44 through which extend end supports 46 for each of the panels 20.
  • Each support 46 extends for the full width of each panel 20 and is in turn supported on its lower surface by means of a plurality of rollers 48.
  • Support 46 has upstanding outer flange 47 supported on opposite sides by a plurality of rollers 50 and 52 and at the upper edge of flange 47 is a rack 54 engaged by a pinion 56 driven by a plurality of motors 58.
  • Slots 44 in plan, are arcs of a circle having the same center as the imaginary sphere of the dome, and are of a length to accommodate the maximum length of travel of the panel or panels (i.e., at opposite sides of the stadium) disposed therein.
  • the motors 58 for each track are spaced apart a distance less than the length of rack 54 so that each panel will always be under the control of at least one motor. The same is true for the sets of rollers 48, 50 and 52.
  • each support 46 has rigidly affixed thereto a plurality of rods 60 each slidably received within a cylindrical bore 62 at the free end of each panel 20.
  • Each rod 60 extends generally in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the panel and the inner free end thereof is connected to a suitable shock absorbing and/or fluid-type compensating device 64 which is in turn affixed to panel 20.
  • Device 64 can be of any desired construction and serves the purpose of dampening flopping movement of the panels under high wind conditions. They also can serve to compensate for thermal expansion and contraction of the entire structure.
  • Panels 20 may be of any desired lightweight construction, such as a standard spaceframe construction, with the outer panel skin being either fabric or metal, or a combination of both.
  • the structural design of the panels, rails, arches, tracks, etc. can be in accordance with standard engineering and architectural practices based on the anticipated structural and weather loading.
  • the dome In operation, if the dome is closed it is opened by first actuating the motors in the top tracks which control the centermost panel to cause it to start retracting. As it retracts, it rolls over the top of the next centermost panel until they are fully stacked ( Figure 6). Thereafter, the motors for both these panels are actuated to cause them both to retract together ( Figure 7); and so on until the dome is fully opened, or at least opened to the desired extent. Both halves of the dome can be opened simultaneously if desired. The dome may be closed by simply reversing the opening sequence. Operating can be accomplished using conventional controls, sensors and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Zurückziehbare Kuppel mit:
    einer Mehrzahl von Platten (20), die für eine Bewegung zwischen einer offenen Position und einer geschlossenen Position angebracht sind, in der sie allgemein nebeneinander vorgesehen sind; und Mittel (58) zum Bewegen der Platten (20) zwischen der offenen und der geschlossenen Position;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platten (20) von einer symmetrisch abgeschnittenen, allgemeinen Kugelzweieckform sind und in ihrer geschlossenen Position eine Teilkugeloberfläche definieren.
  2. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach Anspruch 1, weiter mit mindestens einer im allgemeinen gebogenen Schiene (26), die im allgemeinen quer zu den Platten (20) zum bewegbaren Tragen dergleichen zwischen den Enden davon vorgesehen ist.
  3. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei der die Platten (20) eine über der anderen auf übereinander gelagerte Weise gestapelt sind, wenn sie sich in der offenen Position befinden.
  4. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei der sich die Platten (20) mit einer im allgemeinen schwenkartigen Bewegung zwischen den Positionen bewegen, wobei die Bewegungsachse sich im allgemeinen durch das Zentrum eines imaginären Kugelabschnittes erstreckt, der durch die Platten (20) definiert wird, wenn sie in der geschlossenen Position vorgesehen sind.
  5. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, weiter mit einer Basisstruktur mit einem Paar von im allgemeinen parallelen Bögen (40), wobei die Platten (20) bewegbar auf den Bögen (40) gelagert und dazwischen vorgesehen sind.
  6. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach Anspruch 5, weiter mit mindestens einer Spur (44) auf jedem der Bögen (40) zum bewegbaren Tragen der Enden der Platten (20).
  7. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach Anspruch 6, bei der die Spuren (40) parallel zueinander vorgesehen sind.
  8. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der sich jede Kuppelplatte (20) zu Punkten auf den gegenüberliegenden Seiten der gleichen, im wesentlichen vertikalen Querebenen erstreckt, die durch das Zentrum einer imaginären Sphäre geht, die teilweise durch die Kuppel definiert ist.
  9. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der eine erste Mehrzahl der Platten (20) auf einer Seite der Struktur vorgesehen ist und eine zweite Mehrzahl der Platten (20) auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Struktur vorgesehen ist und bei der die mittlersten Platten (20) der ersten und zweiten Mehrzahl von Platten aneinander anstoßen, wenn sich alle Platten in der geschlossenen Position befinden.
  10. Zurückziehbare Kuppel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei der jede der Platten (20) von im wesentlichen der gleichen Größe und Form ist.
EP90903658A 1989-01-25 1990-01-24 Zurückziehbare kuppelstruktur Expired - Lifetime EP0455745B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US30230189A 1989-01-25 1989-01-25
US302301 1989-01-25
PCT/US1990/000491 WO1990008869A1 (en) 1989-01-25 1990-01-24 Retractable dome structure and method

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0455745A1 EP0455745A1 (de) 1991-11-13
EP0455745A4 EP0455745A4 (en) 1992-02-26
EP0455745B1 true EP0455745B1 (de) 1994-12-14

Family

ID=23167161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90903658A Expired - Lifetime EP0455745B1 (de) 1989-01-25 1990-01-24 Zurückziehbare kuppelstruktur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0455745B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH04503093A (de)
CA (1) CA2045544C (de)
DE (1) DE69015162T2 (de)
WO (1) WO1990008869A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2703097A1 (fr) * 1993-03-23 1994-09-30 Compagnone Rocco Toitures mobiles pour lieux de réunions publiques.
ES2125793B1 (es) * 1996-01-15 1999-09-16 Martinez Apezteguia Juan Cubierta retractil para grandes recintos abiertos y/o cerrados.
CN101962976B (zh) * 2010-09-18 2012-09-05 浙江精工钢结构有限公司 体育馆曲面空间超大型可开闭式屋盖及其控制方法
US9126093B1 (en) * 2013-02-07 2015-09-08 Atlantic Recreation, Inc, ; System for retractable tennis court shade device
CN112946869A (zh) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 四川亚东世纪科技有限公司 一种移动式天文穹顶

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195275A (en) * 1960-10-28 1965-07-20 Praeger Kavanagh Waterbury Roof system for stadia and the like
US4075795A (en) * 1976-10-07 1978-02-28 Anthony Thomas Theater structure
US4204372A (en) * 1978-07-05 1980-05-27 Berdje Agopyan Retractable roof
FR2444763A1 (fr) * 1978-12-19 1980-07-18 Milinic Vojin Couverture variable pour batiments et terrains
AU590631B2 (en) * 1986-04-08 1989-11-09 Ohbayashi-Gumi Ltd. Retractable roof structure
US4738057A (en) * 1986-04-14 1988-04-19 Logan Kenneth C Arch supported retractable inflatable roof
US4716691A (en) * 1986-05-01 1988-01-05 Allen Christopher M Stadium building
US4682449A (en) * 1986-09-30 1987-07-28 Berger Horst L Retractable stadium roof system with rectangular opening

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2045544C (en) 1999-11-30
JPH04503093A (ja) 1992-06-04
EP0455745A4 (en) 1992-02-26
CA2045544A1 (en) 1990-07-26
EP0455745A1 (de) 1991-11-13
DE69015162T2 (de) 1995-05-24
DE69015162D1 (de) 1995-01-26
WO1990008869A1 (en) 1990-08-09

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