EP0456087A2 - Dispositif pour assembler un produit plat composé de plusieurs parties superposées - Google Patents

Dispositif pour assembler un produit plat composé de plusieurs parties superposées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0456087A2
EP0456087A2 EP91106982A EP91106982A EP0456087A2 EP 0456087 A2 EP0456087 A2 EP 0456087A2 EP 91106982 A EP91106982 A EP 91106982A EP 91106982 A EP91106982 A EP 91106982A EP 0456087 A2 EP0456087 A2 EP 0456087A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
holding plates
carrier plate
workpiece
holding
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91106982A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0456087A3 (en
Inventor
Herbert Dietrich
Günther Mall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GM Pfaff AG
Original Assignee
GM Pfaff AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GM Pfaff AG filed Critical GM Pfaff AG
Publication of EP0456087A2 publication Critical patent/EP0456087A2/fr
Publication of EP0456087A3 publication Critical patent/EP0456087A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43D—MACHINES, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT OR METHODS FOR MANUFACTURING OR REPAIRING FOOTWEAR
    • A43D11/00—Machines for preliminary treatment or assembling of upper-parts, counters, or insoles on their lasts preparatory to the pulling-over or lasting operations; Applying or removing protective coverings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/17—Surface bonding means and/or assemblymeans with work feeding or handling means
    • Y10T156/1702—For plural parts or plural areas of single part
    • Y10T156/1744—Means bringing discrete articles into assembled relationship
    • Y10T156/1751—At least three articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • US Pat. No. 3,988,993 discloses a workpiece holder designed for automatic sewing machines, which has a plurality of mounting and clamping plates for receiving a plurality of workpiece parts to be joined to form a flat composite workpiece. Since this workpiece holder also serves as a sewing template, it must be designed to be relatively stable, which means that its production is rather complex. Since the needle passage slots in a sewing template should be as narrow as possible, when using such a workpiece holder in shoe manufacture, a separate workpiece holder must be kept ready not only for different models but also for the different sizes of one and the same model, so that this side, an effort depending on the number of different models and sizes is required. The use of clamping plates with a central, contiguous recess for the needle passage also means that a certain relatively large edge spacing in the case of seams parallel to the edge cannot be undercut.
  • German patent application P 38 37 516.8 a device is used to fix several workpiece upper parts to be placed on a workpiece lower part by gluing them to the workpiece lower part, whereupon the workpiece parts can then be sewn easily, for example by using a seam parallel to the edge small edge distance is formed.
  • the device contains a central fixed table top for the lower part of the workpiece and several hinged plates on the outside for the upper parts of the workpiece, the Table top and the folding plates are each connected to a suction device for holding the workpiece parts. Before the folding plates are folded over, adhesive is applied in a defined manner to the upper parts of the workpiece placed on them by an adhesive application device.
  • folding plates are hinged next to one another on the correspondingly polygonal table plate, so that the folding plates extend in a ring shape around the table plate.
  • Such an arrangement leads to the fact that the distant table top is difficult to load and that the operator has to walk back and forth along it to load the folding plates, the distance to be covered particularly because of the curved arrangement of the folding plates is great.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for joining workpiece parts to a flat composite workpiece, in which the placement of the workpiece parts can be carried out in the simplest possible way.
  • the object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the carrier plate can be inserted into a side of the retaining plates or at the edge of the Device located starting position are moved, in which it is easily accessible, so that the operator can place the lower part of the workpiece without special effort or dislocations on its receiving surface.
  • the further measure of arranging them in a straight row next to one another also ensures that the operator has a shorter distance to travel when loading the holding plates than with a wreath-like arrangement of such plates on the circumferential side of one central plate.
  • the collecting of the workpiece upper parts hanging on the lower receiving surfaces of the holding plates can take place in such a way that the carrier plate has a small vertical distance from the respective receiving surface in the take-over position and the holding means assigned to the corresponding holding plate are inoperative are set, whereupon the workpiece upper parts fall onto the workpiece lower part lying on the carrier plate.
  • Another possibility of collecting the upper workpiece parts consists in that the carrier plate can be raised in the positioning positions in the area of the receiving surfaces of the holding plates, whereby the lower workpiece part or the upper workpiece parts already arranged thereon are brought into direct contact with the next new upper workpiece part to be picked up will.
  • the holding means of the carrier plate and / or the holding plates are realized in that these plates are designed as a chamber, are provided with through-bores and can be connected to a suction fan.
  • the holding plates used in the embodiment according to claims 4 to 6 are designed as double chambers which can be acted upon individually.
  • the device has four holding plates 1, which are fastened on a carrier 2 of a frame 3 and are arranged next to one another in a row along a horizontally running longitudinal axis L1.
  • the holding plates 1 are designed as separate chambers and have a recessed mounting plate 4 with a receiving surface 5 lying in a horizontal plane.
  • the individual holding plates 1 are each via a separate hose line 6, a directional control valve 7 Distributor 8 and a common hose line 9 connected to a suction fan 10.
  • a multiplicity of through-bores 11 are contained in the receiving plate 4 of each holding plate 1.
  • a flat template 12 is detachably fastened on each mounting plate 4 and has cutouts 13 for receiving precisely shaped, correspondingly shaped, upper workpiece parts, not shown.
  • the templates 12 thus serve on the one hand as an alignment means for the upper workpiece parts and on the other hand to cover the through bores 11 which are not required for holding the upper workpiece parts.
  • a slide 15 is slidably arranged on a guide rail 14 running parallel to the longitudinal axis L1.
  • the carriage 15 is connected to a positioning motor 17 via a chain drive 16.
  • a compressed air cylinder 20 is attached to the carriage 15, the piston rod 21 of which is connected to the carriage 19.
  • the carriage 19 and the compressed air cylinder 20 form a lifting device 22.
  • An L-shaped support 23 is mounted on the carriage 19 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis A1 running transversely to the longitudinal axis L1.
  • the carrier 23 is connected to a swivel device 24, which consists of a positioning motor 25 attached to the slide 19 and a chain drive 26.
  • a carrier plate 27 for one or more workpiece lower parts, not shown, is fastened on the carrier 23.
  • the carrier plate 27 is designed in the same way as the holding plates 1 as a chamber and therefore has a recessed receiving plate 29 provided with through bores 28, the upper side of which lies in a horizontal plane and forms a receiving surface 30.
  • a flat template 31 is releasably attached, which contains two recesses 32 for two workpiece lower parts, not shown.
  • a suction fan 33 is attached to the underside of the carrier 23 and is connected in a manner not shown to the cavity of the carrier plate 27 located below the receiving plate 29.
  • a program-controlled adhesive application device 34 has an adhesive application head 36 arranged on a cantilever arm 35.
  • the cantilever arm 35 is slidably mounted on a rail-like longitudinal slide 37 running parallel to the longitudinal axis L1 and is connected via a chain drive 38 to a positioning motor 39 arranged on the longitudinal slide 37.
  • the longitudinal slide 37 is displaceably arranged via two cross slides 40 on two guide rods 41 aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis L1 and is connected to a positioning motor 43 via a chain drive 42. 2, the chain drive 42 at one end of the Longitudinal carriage 37 attacks, it may be expedient to transmit the drive movements of the positioning motor 43 to the other end of the longitudinal carriage 37 via suitable transmission elements, not shown, thereby preventing the longitudinal carriage 37 from tilting.
  • the carrier plate 27 is in the starting position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in which the receiving surface 30 is at the top. There are now the individual workpiece parts in the recesses 13 and 32 of the templates 12 and 31 into the exposed parts of the receiving surfaces 5 and 30 of the holding plates 1 and the support plate 27 and then the suction fans 10 and 33 switched on and the directional control valves 7 switched to passage , whereby the workpiece parts are held by suction on the receiving surfaces 5 and 30.
  • adhesive is applied to the upper workpiece parts arranged on the holding plates 1, in each case on the edge sections which later overlap when the workpiece parts are joined together.
  • the adhesive application is started at the holding plate 1 on the right in FIG. 2, which is immediately adjacent to the carrier plate 27 which remains in the starting position.
  • the support plate 27 is rotated by the pivoting device 24 about the axis A1 by 180 °, whereupon the receiving surface 30 with the lower part of the workpiece now lies below. Furthermore, the carriage 19 together with the carrier plate 27 is raised so far by the lifting device 22 that the underside of the carrier plate 27 or the lower workpiece part has a vertical distance from the upper side of the holding plates 1 or the upper workpiece parts.
  • the carrier plate 27 is moved with the help of the positioning motor 17 over this holding plate 1 and then lowered by the lifting device 22 so that the two workpiece lower parts and touch the upper part of the workpiece in the overlap area and adhere to each other with the adhesive. Thereafter, the directional valve 7 assigned to this holding plate 1 is switched into the blocking position and in this way the suction air and thus the holding action is interrupted. Subsequently, the carrier plate 27 is raised again and the upper part of the workpiece adhering to the two lower parts of the workpiece is lifted out of the template 12 of the holding plate 1.
  • the carrier plate 27 is moved over the holding plate 1 which has just become free and the next workpiece upper part is collected by lowering again. In this way, all the upper workpiece parts are collected one after the other, whereby a multi-layer composite workpiece is formed, which can be removed from the carrier plate 27 after the carrier plate 27 has been pivoted again and the suction blower 33 has been switched off in order to carry out a subsequent machining operation.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, like the device according to the first exemplary embodiment, has four holding plates 50 which are fastened on a carrier 51 of a frame 52 and are arranged in a row next to one another along a horizontally running longitudinal axis L2.
  • the holding plates 50 are designed in the same way as the holding plates 1 of the first exemplary embodiment as separate chambers and have a recessed receiving plate 53 with a receiving surface 54 lying in the horizontal plane.
  • the holding plates 50 are connected to a blower, also not shown, via connecting elements and valves (not shown). Through holes 55 are contained in the receiving plate 53 of each holding plate 50. Templates (not shown) for the upper workpiece parts can be releasably attached to the mounting plates 53 in the same way as with the mounting plates 4 of the first exemplary embodiment.
  • a slide 57 is displaceably arranged on a guide rail 56 running parallel to the longitudinal axis L2.
  • the carriage 57 is connected to a positioning motor 59 via a chain drive 58.
  • a carrier plate 61 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on a shaft 60 mounted in the carriage 57 and running parallel to the longitudinal axis L2.
  • the carrier plate 61 like the carrier plate 27 of the first exemplary embodiment, is designed as a chamber and has a recessed receiving plate 63 provided with through-bores 62, the upper side of which lies in the horizontal plane and forms a receiving surface 64.
  • a template (not shown) for one or more lower parts of the workpiece can be placed on the mounting plate 63.
  • the shaft 60 carrying the carrier plate 61 is connected to a positioning motor 66 via a chain drive 65.
  • the carrier plate 61 is in the starting position shown in the drawing in an easily accessible edge position with respect to the frame 52 and is supported on a stop 67 securing the pivoting position of the carrier plate 61.
  • a suction fan 68 is attached to the underside of the carrier plate 61 and is connected in a manner not shown to the cavity below the receiving plate 63.
  • a program-controlled adhesive application device 69 is constructed in the same way as the adhesive application device 34 of the first exemplary embodiment and therefore comprises one on one Cantilever arm 70 arranged adhesive application head 71.
  • the cantilever arm 70 is slidably mounted on a rail-like longitudinal slide 72 and is connected via a chain drive 73 to a positioning motor 74 fastened to the longitudinal slide 72.
  • the longitudinal slide 72 is displaceably arranged via two cross slides 75 on two guide rods 76 aligned transversely to the longitudinal axis L2 and is connected to a positioning motor 78 via a chain drive 77.
  • the carrier plate 61 is in the starting position shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the receiving surface 64 is at the top.
  • the individual workpiece parts are now placed on the receiving surfaces 54 and 64 of the holding plates 50 and the carrier plate 61 and then the suction fan (not shown) of the holding plates 50 and the suction fan 68 of the carrier plate 61 are switched on, as a result of which the workpiece parts are held on the plates 50 and 61.
  • the carrier plate 61 is pivoted with the aid of the positioning motor 66 about the longitudinal axis A2 of the shaft 60 onto the holding plate 50 on the left, as a result of which the lower part of the workpiece and the upper part of the workpiece touch in their overlap area and through the Stick the adhesive together.
  • the holding effect caused by the suction air is interrupted and then the carrier plate 61 is pivoted back into the starting position and the upper part of the workpiece adhering to the lower part of the workpiece is lifted off the holding plate 50.
  • the carrier plate 61 is moved into the region of the second holding plate 50 with the aid of the positioning motor 59 and the next workpiece upper part is collected by folding over again. In this way, all upper workpiece parts are collected one after the other, whereby a multilayer composite workpiece is formed, which can be removed from the carrier plate 61 after the carrier plate 61 has been folded back again and the suction fan 68 has been switched off.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 has a frame 80 which u. a. has three hollow carrier strips 81, 82, 83, which are arranged parallel to one another with a mutual spacing.
  • Two holding plates 85 are arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on a hollow shaft 84 mounted in the carrier strips 81, 82, 83.
  • a sprocket 86 of a chain drive 87 is clamped on the hollow shaft 84 between the left holding plate 85 and the middle support bar 82 (FIG. 9).
  • the sprocket 86 in conjunction with a spacer ring 88 pushed onto the hollow shaft 84 and located between the left carrier strip 81 and the holding plate 85, provides an axial mounting for the hollow shaft 84.
  • the right holding plate 85 located between the middle and the right support bar 82, 83 can be arranged on the hollow shaft 84 in a rotationally fixed manner without additional axial holding means.
  • the holding plates 85 consist of two flat containers 89, 90 arranged symmetrically to the hollow shaft 84, each with two recessed mounting plates 91, 92, the outside of which each form a receiving surface 93, 94.
  • a plurality of through-bores 95 are contained in the receiving plates 91, 92.
  • the hose lines 96, 97 extend in a plurality of coils 98, 99 within the hollow shaft 84 and are guided into the hollow carrier strip 81 through their open end.
  • the hose lines 96, 97 run within the carrier strip 81 up to the vicinity of the end facing away from the hollow shaft 84, where they are led out of the carrier strip 81 and are each connected to a directional control valve 100, 101. Connecting lines 102, 103 lead from the directional control valves 100, 101 to a distributor 104. The distributor 104 is connected to a suction fan 106 via a single hose line 105.
  • the right holding plate 85 is constructed exactly like the left holding plate 85 shown in FIG. 9 and is connected in the same way to the suction fan 106, so that it is not necessary to go into this in more detail. In FIG. 8, only the hose line 107 leading from the distributor (not shown) to the suction fan 106 can be seen.
  • templates for the upper workpiece parts of the composite workpiece to be joined can be releasably attached, similarly to the receiving plates 4 of the first exemplary embodiment.
  • the chain drive 87 connected to the hollow shaft 84 is in drive connection with a positioning motor 108 which can rotate the two holding plates 85 back and forth together by 180 °.
  • a slide 110 is slidably arranged on a guide rail 109 running parallel to the longitudinal axis L3.
  • the carriage 110 is connected to a positioning motor 112 via a chain drive 111.
  • Another slide 114 is slidably arranged in the guide rail 113.
  • a compressed air cylinder 115 is attached to the carriage 110, the piston rod 116 of which is connected to the carriage 114.
  • the carriage 114 and the compressed air cylinder 115 form a lifting device 117.
  • a transversely projecting bracket 118 is fastened to the carriage 114 and carries a carrier plate 119 for one or more workpiece lower parts, not shown.
  • the carrier plate 119 like the carrier plate 27 of the first exemplary embodiment, is designed as a flat container and therefore, like this, has a recessed receiving plate 121 provided with through-bores 120, the upper side of which lies in the horizontal plane and forms a receiving surface 122.
  • a template (not shown) for one or more lower parts of the workpiece can be placed on the mounting plate 121.
  • a suction fan 123 is attached to the underside of the console 118 and is connected in a manner not shown to the cavity below the mounting plate 121.
  • a program-controlled adhesive application device 124 is constructed in the same way as the adhesive application device 34 of the first exemplary embodiment and therefore comprises an adhesive application head 126 arranged on a cantilever arm 125 attached positioning motor 129 connected.
  • the longitudinal slide 127 is displaceably arranged over two cross slides 130 on two guide rods 131 oriented transversely to the longitudinal axis L3 and is connected to a positioning motor 133 via a chain drive 132.
  • the carrier plate 119 is in the starting position shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in which it is located to the side of the two holding plates 85 and in which the receiving surface 122 essentially aligned with the upper receiving surfaces 93 of the two holding plates 85.
  • the suction fan 123 of the carrier plate 119 and the suction fan 106 of the holding plates 85 are switched on. Furthermore, the directional control valve 100 for the left holding plate 85 and the corresponding directional control valve, not shown, for the right holding plate 85 are switched to the open position. In this way, the workpiece parts are held on the receiving surfaces 93 and 122 by suction.
  • the carrier plate 119 is lowered with the aid of the lifting device 117 to such an extent that the upper side of the carrier plate 119 or the lower part of the workpiece arranged thereon is at a vertical distance from the horizontally running plane of the underside of the holding plates 85.
  • the holding plates 85 are rotated by the position motor 108 about the longitudinal axis L3 by 180 °, as a result of which the receiving plates 91 together with the workpiece tops placed thereon are now at the bottom. Due to the helical arrangement of the hose lines 96, 97 within the hollow shaft 84, the end opening into the respective container 89.90 and the adjoining area of the hose lines 96, 97 can rotate with the holding plate 85 without opening the part of the hose lines 96, 97 located within the carrier strip 81 are exerted tensile forces.
  • the carrier plate 119 After the rotation of the holding plates 85, the carrier plate 119 is moved with the aid of the positioning motor 112 under the left holding plate 85 and then raised by the lifting device 117 until the lower part of the workpiece and the upper part of the workpiece touch and adhere to one another by the adhesive applied to the upper part of the workpiece. Thereafter, the directional control valve 100 is switched into the blocking position and the suction air and thus the holding effect on the mounting plate 91 are interrupted in this way. Subsequently, the carrier plate 119 is lowered again and the upper workpiece part adhering to the lower workpiece part is removed from the holding plate 85. Subsequently, the carrier plate 119 is moved under the right holding plate 85 and the next workpiece upper part is collected in the manner described above.

Landscapes

  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)
EP19910106982 1990-05-09 1991-04-30 Device for assembling a flat product consisting of several overlays Withdrawn EP0456087A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4014797 1990-05-09
DE4014797A DE4014797A1 (de) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Vorrichtung zum zusammenfuegen eines flaechenhaften verbundwerkstueckes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0456087A2 true EP0456087A2 (fr) 1991-11-13
EP0456087A3 EP0456087A3 (en) 1993-01-13

Family

ID=6405985

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910106982 Withdrawn EP0456087A3 (en) 1990-05-09 1991-04-30 Device for assembling a flat product consisting of several overlays

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5264069A (fr)
EP (1) EP0456087A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4014797A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105734846A (zh) * 2016-04-25 2016-07-06 广东溢达纺织有限公司 粘取机构

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USD350490S (en) 1992-10-08 1994-09-13 Tokyo Electron Kabushiki Kaisha Semiconductor wafer testing apparatus
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CH691361A5 (fr) * 1997-06-13 2001-07-13 Bobst Sa Dispositif pour la fixation d'outils de transfert de films métalliques sur un substrat et procédé pour réaliser un gabarit pour le positionnement de ces outils.
US5944948A (en) * 1998-04-02 1999-08-31 Centennial Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for assembling a pair of members
US6216760B1 (en) * 1999-06-12 2001-04-17 D'aguiar Raymond Adjustable in-plate gluing system
DE29919709U1 (de) 1999-11-10 2000-01-27 Impuls-Apparatebau Jaeger & Sohn GmbH, 75417 Mühlacker Nähmaschine
US8849620B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2014-09-30 Nike, Inc. Automated 3-D modeling of shoe parts
US8958901B2 (en) * 2011-11-18 2015-02-17 Nike, Inc. Automated manufacturing of shoe parts
US8858744B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2014-10-14 Nike, Inc. Multi-functional manufacturing tool
US9010827B2 (en) 2011-11-18 2015-04-21 Nike, Inc. Switchable plate manufacturing vacuum tool
TW201404326A (zh) * 2013-09-30 2014-02-01 kun-zhong Liu 免縫鞋面的製造方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105734846A (zh) * 2016-04-25 2016-07-06 广东溢达纺织有限公司 粘取机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0456087A3 (en) 1993-01-13
US5264069A (en) 1993-11-23
DE4014797C2 (fr) 1993-07-08
DE4014797A1 (de) 1991-11-14

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