EP0456295A1 - Electrolyseur - Google Patents

Electrolyseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0456295A1
EP0456295A1 EP91200899A EP91200899A EP0456295A1 EP 0456295 A1 EP0456295 A1 EP 0456295A1 EP 91200899 A EP91200899 A EP 91200899A EP 91200899 A EP91200899 A EP 91200899A EP 0456295 A1 EP0456295 A1 EP 0456295A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrodes
diaphragm
electrolyser according
electrolyser
partitions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91200899A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0456295B1 (fr
Inventor
Hein Wüllenweber
Jürgen Borchardt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Group AG
Original Assignee
Metallgesellschaft AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallgesellschaft AG filed Critical Metallgesellschaft AG
Publication of EP0456295A1 publication Critical patent/EP0456295A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0456295B1 publication Critical patent/EP0456295B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolyser with bipolar cells connected geometrically one behind the other, each consisting of metallic partitions to the immediately adjacent neighboring cells with resilient electrodes resting thereon and a non-metallic material arranged between the electrodes, by means of spacer elements inserted into the cathode and anode space on a defined surface Distance to the diaphragm held by the electrodes.
  • An electrolyser constructed in this way is intended to ensure a high level of security against short-circuit and corrosion and the energy consumption should be as low as possible.
  • the spacer elements between the diaphragm and the electrodes are inserted alternately in the cathode and anode space, it can be in the areas of the respective other space between the diaphragm and cathode or anode opposite the spacer elements in the event of manufacturing inaccuracies in the cell components, for example the cell frame thickness. or if there are pressure differences between the cathode and anode space, the space becomes narrower and the elastic electrode may come into contact with the diaphragm.
  • iron, chromium and other elements contained in the steel can deposit on the cathode.
  • iron can then grow through the diaphragm to the anode, there either lead to a short circuit or generate hydrogen before the short circuit occurs in the anode area, in which oxygen is usually produced, so that the oxygen is contaminated comes, which can lead locally to an explosive gas mixture.
  • This object is achieved in such a way that the spacer elements are arranged directly opposite one another and in alignment with the spacer elements of the other cells.
  • the spacer elements are connected to the electrode, preferably inserted in openings or recesses in the electrode.
  • the cathode or anode space formed by the electrode and the diaphragm has a width of 0.3 to 3.0 mm, preferably 0.5 to 3.0 mm.
  • the partitions connected to the flat electrodes which serve as spacers and current transmitters, have a regular profile and are preferably arranged congruently one behind the other.
  • the electrodes In the event that the partitions are flat, the electrodes have a spacing profile.
  • the electrodes When using flat partition walls and flat electrodes, the electrodes rest on pin-shaped or strip-shaped elements connected to the partition walls.
  • An electrode thickness of 0.1 to 0.4 mm and a diaphragm thickness of 0.2 to 1 mm have proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • a thin nickel mesh as a supporting structure with layers of porous ceramic materials, e.g. Nickel oxide, existing diaphragm proven.
  • Electrodes which consist of a nickel support layer and a sintered and activated cover layer connected thereto by cold roll cladding a powder mixture of carbonyl-nickel powder and Raney alloy powder have proven particularly expedient.
  • the arrangement of electrodes provided with hole-like openings can be dispensed with if, according to a special feature of the invention, the electrodes are formed from a plurality of strips arranged parallel and preferably horizontally to one another. A gap of at least 1% of the electrode height for the passage of the gas bubbles is provided between the strips.
  • a preferred embodiment of the bipolar single cell is achieved if wart-shaped, undulating, trapezoidal, triangular or rectangular profiled sheets are used as partition walls and are arranged congruently one behind the other.
  • the elastic electrodes Due to a large number of relatively close contact points or line-shaped contacts of the electrodes with the partition walls, the elastic electrodes can be thin-walled with a low electrical voltage drop and thus low energy loss for the current distribution from the contact points of the electrodes with the partition walls.
  • the contact can be achieved by pressing the partition walls against the electrodes or by spot or seam welding.
  • additional spacers are connected to the electrodes or the diaphragm, the thickness of which is smaller than the distance of the diaphragm from the electrodes. These spacers ensure that at extremely high pressure differences between the cathode and anode space there is a sufficient gap between the electrode and the diaphragm for the upward flow of the Gas bubbles remain open.
  • the additional spacers depending on whether they are connected to the electrodes or the diaphragm, do not rest on the diaphragm or the electrodes, so that the active surfaces of one of the two components are not reduced.
  • the spacer elements and the spacers in the cathode and anode space are expediently designed in such a way that they have a small flow resistance to the upward flow of the electrolyte-gas bubble mixture and the downstream electrolyte, in order not to impair the advantageous strong, upward-directed turbulent flow .
  • the cell (1) consists of the two partition walls (2, 3) made of nickel-plated steel sheet, which have a trapezoidal profile and are clamped in an annular frame (not shown).
  • the dividing walls (2, 3) simultaneously form one wall of the neighboring cells (4, 5).
  • the small contact surfaces (6) of the trapezoidal profile of the partitions (2, 3) on which the electrodes (7, 8) rest are provided with small trough-shaped depressions (9) that correspond to the shafts of the ceramic spacer elements (10, 11 ) Give space.
  • the spacer elements (10, 11) of the anode (12) and cathode compartments (13) are located opposite one another and aligned with those of the other cells (4, 5).
  • the diaphragm (14) is clamped between the spacer elements (10, 11), so that there is a defined distance between the diaphragm (14) and the electrodes (7, 8).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
EP91200899A 1990-05-09 1991-04-16 Electrolyseur Expired - Lifetime EP0456295B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4014778A DE4014778A1 (de) 1990-05-09 1990-05-09 Elektrolyseur
DE4014778 1990-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0456295A1 true EP0456295A1 (fr) 1991-11-13
EP0456295B1 EP0456295B1 (fr) 1994-12-07

Family

ID=6405974

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91200899A Expired - Lifetime EP0456295B1 (fr) 1990-05-09 1991-04-16 Electrolyseur

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5174878A (fr)
EP (1) EP0456295B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3054226B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE115198T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9101873A (fr)
CA (1) CA2041094C (fr)
DE (2) DE4014778A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2067136T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO911801L (fr)
ZA (1) ZA913505B (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0565836A1 (fr) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-20 Heraeus Elektrochemie Gmbh Cellule électrochimique à membrane
EP0661389A1 (fr) * 1993-06-30 1995-07-05 Eltech Systems Corporation Electrolyseur du type filtre-presse
WO2000068463A3 (fr) * 1999-05-10 2001-04-12 Ici Plc Structure d'electrode
RU2223347C2 (ru) * 1999-05-10 2004-02-10 Инеос Хлор Лимитед Электродное устройство
US6761808B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2004-07-13 Ineos Chlor Limited Electrode structure
US7363110B2 (en) 1999-05-10 2008-04-22 Ineos Chlor Enterprises Limited Gasket with curved configuration at peripheral edge
WO2013045492A1 (fr) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de surveillance d'une installation électrochimique

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5314591A (en) * 1991-06-26 1994-05-24 Chlorine Engineers Corp., Ltd Electrolyzer and method of production
CN1259175A (zh) * 1997-06-03 2000-07-05 德·诺拉有限公司 离子交换隔膜双极电解槽
JP4056030B2 (ja) * 1999-03-15 2008-03-05 クロリンエンジニアズ株式会社 電解槽
US6361678B1 (en) 2000-08-22 2002-03-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of detecting a short incident during electrochemical processing and a system therefor
NO20030763L (no) * 2002-02-20 2003-08-21 Chlorine Eng Corp Ltd Ionebyttemembranelektrolysator
CN102124146B (zh) * 2008-06-16 2014-07-30 威廉·R.·理查兹 碱性电解槽
US11749639B2 (en) * 2021-10-13 2023-09-05 Nxp Usa, Inc. Die-substrate assemblies having sinter-bonded backside via structures and associated fabrication methods
EP4567156A1 (fr) 2023-12-08 2025-06-11 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif d'électrolyse
WO2026082452A1 (fr) * 2024-10-16 2026-04-23 thyssenkrupp nucera AG & Co. KGaA Cellule d'électrolyseur conçue pour électrolyser de l'eau pour obtenir de l'hydrogène et de l'oxygène et procédé de préparation d'une cellule d'électrolyseur conçue pour électrolyser de l'eau pour obtenir de l'hydrogène et de l'oxygène

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0020887A1 (fr) * 1979-04-12 1981-01-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir de solutions aqueuses d'halogénures de métaux alcalins
EP0340820A1 (fr) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrolyseur

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES450933A1 (es) * 1975-08-29 1977-09-01 Hoechst Ag Aparato para electrolisis.
US4698143A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-06 The Dow Chemical Company Structural frame for an electrochemical cell

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0020887A1 (fr) * 1979-04-12 1981-01-07 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Appareil d'électrolyse pour la production de chlore à partir de solutions aqueuses d'halogénures de métaux alcalins
EP0340820A1 (fr) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-08 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electrolyseur

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0565836A1 (fr) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-20 Heraeus Elektrochemie Gmbh Cellule électrochimique à membrane
EP0661389A1 (fr) * 1993-06-30 1995-07-05 Eltech Systems Corporation Electrolyseur du type filtre-presse
WO2000068463A3 (fr) * 1999-05-10 2001-04-12 Ici Plc Structure d'electrode
RU2223347C2 (ru) * 1999-05-10 2004-02-10 Инеос Хлор Лимитед Электродное устройство
US6761808B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2004-07-13 Ineos Chlor Limited Electrode structure
US7363110B2 (en) 1999-05-10 2008-04-22 Ineos Chlor Enterprises Limited Gasket with curved configuration at peripheral edge
WO2013045492A1 (fr) * 2011-09-30 2013-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de surveillance d'une installation électrochimique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3054226B2 (ja) 2000-06-19
JPH062187A (ja) 1994-01-11
US5174878A (en) 1992-12-29
ES2067136T3 (es) 1995-03-16
CA2041094A1 (fr) 1991-11-10
ATE115198T1 (de) 1994-12-15
DE4014778A1 (de) 1991-11-14
NO911801D0 (no) 1991-05-08
CA2041094C (fr) 2001-02-06
ZA913505B (en) 1993-01-27
BR9101873A (pt) 1991-12-17
NO911801L (no) 1991-11-11
DE59103747D1 (de) 1995-01-19
EP0456295B1 (fr) 1994-12-07

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