EP0457126B1 - Collecteur pour moteur ou générateur électrique - Google Patents

Collecteur pour moteur ou générateur électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0457126B1
EP0457126B1 EP91107174A EP91107174A EP0457126B1 EP 0457126 B1 EP0457126 B1 EP 0457126B1 EP 91107174 A EP91107174 A EP 91107174A EP 91107174 A EP91107174 A EP 91107174A EP 0457126 B1 EP0457126 B1 EP 0457126B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
bush element
collector according
insulating material
aperture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91107174A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0457126A3 (en
EP0457126A2 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich W. Nettelhoff
Theo Bremkes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Friedrich Nettelhoff Spezialfabrik fur Kleinkollektoren KG
Original Assignee
Friedrich Nettelhoff Spezialfabrik fur Kleinkollektoren KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Nettelhoff Spezialfabrik fur Kleinkollektoren KG filed Critical Friedrich Nettelhoff Spezialfabrik fur Kleinkollektoren KG
Publication of EP0457126A2 publication Critical patent/EP0457126A2/fr
Publication of EP0457126A3 publication Critical patent/EP0457126A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0457126B1 publication Critical patent/EP0457126B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/14—Fastenings of commutators or slip-rings to shafts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a collector for an electric motor or generator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Collectors in particular with the high and still increasing production numbers of electric motors, despite the traditional basic structure with an insulating material body, preferably made of a thermoset, and with metallic fins on the circumference (cylinder collector) or an end face (plan collector) have a multi-step, in the most varied of details undergone attacking development, which take into account the requirements for their function, for simple and safe installation, for robustness and durability, and last but not least for low production costs.
  • Such a bushing element requires tightly tolerated production.
  • the bushing element has to be reworked in order to compensate for adjustment errors during assembly and during pressing.
  • Such post-processing of the cast-in metallic bushing element is costly.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a collector with an insulating base body stiffened by a bushing element, which is simpler and therefore cheaper to manufacture, enables the simplest possible assembly and achieves great robustness and durability.
  • this object is achieved, starting from a collector according to the preamble of claim 1, with the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • Providing a layer of insulating material on the inside of a socket element, which in turn forms the opening with a predetermined inside diameter, has proven to be a trick that is advantageous in several respects.
  • This solution is based on the basic idea that the socket element itself forms the opening and directly absorbs all spreading and pressing forces in order to shield the insulating material behind it.
  • the inside layer of insulating material with the socket element "in the back” is very well able to absorb the forces that occur during pressing and are necessary for a press fit and to pass them on to the socket element.
  • the inner layer of insulating material forms the opening, in many cases this can already be formed with sufficient precision by the molding process itself, without any need for post-processing. It is also of interest that a layer formed in insulating material, due to its lower rigidity, can be given a greater tolerance than a bushing element made of a higher strength material, such as steel. In many cases, the opening with sufficient dimensional accuracy can already be achieved with the pressing process for introducing the insulating material.
  • Another important advantage of the collector designed according to the invention results in the assembly, in which there is no longer any fear that pressing the collector leads to damage to the motor shaft or to the bushing element.
  • the dreaded "fretting" - the cold welding of surface areas under high pressure by rubbing metal surfaces against one another - not only endangers the seat of the collector with corresponding damage to the socket element or shaft, it can also cause damage to the protruding end of the motor shaft, which then destroyed the seat of a roller bearing to be subsequently installed.
  • Such a risk of damage has been eliminated in the material combination of insulating material / steel and an unproblematic application of the collector to the motor shaft has been created.
  • the inner layer of insulating material is expediently designed to be at least 0.5 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm thick, around the bushing element regardless of tolerances in its arrangement before and during the introduction of the insulating material, in order to achieve sufficient flexibility of the opening for the press fit and, if necessary, also to ensure adequate insulation.
  • the inner layer can also perform insulation tasks. These are particularly in demand when double insulation of all live parts is to be provided in accordance with the relevant safety regulations.
  • the intermediate layer made of insulating material between the socket element and the shaft can be used if the socket element consists of metal.
  • a bushing element in the form of a tubular section made of steel is available particularly inexpensively and is therefore primarily considered.
  • Other high-strength materials, such as other metals, fiber composites or ceramics, are by no means excluded.
  • the bushing element does not need to form a completely closed repositioning surface for the expansion pressures emanating from the press fit, as long as it only absorbs the forces in the form of a surface. In principle, this can also be done with a sieve-like or net-like bushing element that is sufficiently tightly stiff and resilient.
  • Partial areas that the socket element releases in its cylinder plane for material bridges between the inner layer of insulating material and the other base body are even expedient in order to secure the bond within the base body, in particular also with regard to shear risks along the interfaces between the insulating material and the socket element.
  • Such transition areas can be advantageous in a metallic socket element the end faces are relocated by the bushing element only having a shorter axial length than the insulating body.
  • the connection of the socket element with the adjacent insulating material on the inner surface and / or outer surface can be improved by profiling, for example by transverse or threaded grooves.
  • an adhesion promoter layer can promote the connection. All of this results in particular from those shear loads that occur when the collector is pressed onto a motor shaft.
  • a collector is generally designated 1, which has the shape of a cylinder collector with lamellae 2 arranged on the circumference, which are embedded in a known manner via inner webs, not shown, in an essentially cylindrical base body 3 made of insulating material, namely a thermoset.
  • the collector is rotationally symmetrical with respect to an axis 4 and is provided on the inside with a continuous opening 5.
  • the opening 5 is delimited on the circumference by an inner wall 6, which is provided for a press fit on an electric motor shaft.
  • the inner wall 6 merges via a chamfer 7 into an end face 8 which forms the front of the collector during the press-in movement.
  • the chamfer 7 makes it easier to attach, align and center the collector in relation to the motor shaft and prevents canting and damage.
  • One of the end faces 8 opposite end face 9 is formed in a longitudinal section in a step-like manner with an inner annular surface 10 and an annular surface 11 that springs back opposite it, the latter being flush with the lamellae 2, so that both form an air gap with adjacent metal parts, such as a roller or spherical bearing get the shaft of the electric motor. This avoids the risk of contact between electrically conductive metal parts, in particular between the live plates 2 and the mechanical structure of the motor.
  • a socket element 12 is embedded, in such a way that it maintains a distance of about 1 mm to the inner wall 6 with an inner jacket 13, this distance being formed by an intermediate layer 14 made of the same insulating material as the other base body 3 forms.
  • the bushing element also has a smaller axial length than the base body 3, so that its end faces 15 and 16 do not reach the end faces 8 and 9 of the base body 3.
  • the insulating material of the base body bridges and encloses the socket element on both ends. This gives the intermediate layer 14 an integral connection to the rest of the base body 3.
  • the socket element 12 encloses the inner wall 6 and supports the layer 14 when absorbing spreading forces in the pressed-on state.
  • the socket element 12 is formed from a material of higher strength and rigidity than the insulating material, in the present case from steel. In this way, the intermediate layer is held and stabilized by all-round pressure, and the bushing element absorbs the spreading forces from the press fit against the motor shaft.
  • the collector is very easy to assemble, since it can be pushed onto a steel shaft with an inner layer of insulating material much better and less critically than, for example, a collector with an inner metal bushing.
  • the collector 1 is also relatively easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the lamellae 2 and the socket element 12 are arranged in a press mold in the manner in which they should lie in the finished collector.
  • the slats are fixed to each other and in the form of special brackets in the manner of a "lost formwork".
  • the socket element could also be fixed, for example, by a molded ring made of plastic. In the present case, however, it is provided that the bushing element 12 stands on a ring of twelve claws standing in a ring shape with respect to one another and is centered by them with internal engagement the corresponding recesses 18 are left in the finished collector.
  • the cavity of the collector is kept clear by a central mandrel, so that after the remaining cavities have been sprayed out with a thermosetting plastic as insulating material, a collector blank is produced.
  • This blank differs from the collector shown only in that insulating gaps 19 still have to be milled out between the slats 2.
  • the collector can already be manufactured by injection molding without reworking the inner wall 6. However, as far as reworking is necessary, it can be carried out quickly and easily because the insulating material is much easier to machine than a metal bushing on the inside.
  • the socket must be sufficiently firm to perform its function. In the simplest case, this can be achieved with a metal bushing for which a wide variety of materials, including alloys or sintered metals, can be considered. However, a higher-strength plastic or a composite, for example with a fiber reinforcement, can also be used.
  • the bushing can have profiles or openings that counteract shearing. Also bushings in lattice shape or helical shape, also multi-part bushings made of rings can be used with advantage.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Collecteur de moteur ou de générateur électrique comportant symétriquement par rapport à l'axe de collecteur, des lamelles réparties à la périphérie ou sur une face frontale et qui sont intégrées dans un corps de base en matière isolante, le collecteur ayant une ouverture centrale (5) dont le diamètre est prévu pour former un siège pressé sur l'axe du moteur ou générateur électrique, et qui sert à recevoir les forces de mise en place ou pression, ou de siège, en étant renforcé par un élément en forme de douille (12) de plus grande résistance, collecteur caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) présente un diamètre intérieur supérieur au diamètre de l'ouverture (5) et en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) est couvert du côté intérieur par une couche (14) en matière isolante.
  2. Collecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) n'entoure pas complètement l'ouverture (5) mais laisse libre au moins une zone partielle dans laquelle la couche (14) rejoint le corps de base (3).
  3. Collecteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) présente une longueur axiale plus faible que son ouverture (5).
  4. Collecteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) est en retrait axialement au niveau des deux faces frontales axiales (8, 9) par rapport à l'ouverture (5) et est intégré dans la matière isolante.
  5. Collecteur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) présente sur une face frontale (9) en retrait par rapport à l'ouverture (5), au moins trois points d'appui (18) laissés libres.
  6. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (5) présente un congé (7) au niveau d'une face frontale (8).
  7. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche intérieure (14) est en matière isolante ayant une épaisseur d'au moins o,5 mm.
  8. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) présente une surface enveloppe munie d'un profil.
  9. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) est muni au moins d'une couche favorisant l'accrochage sur une surface enveloppe.
  10. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en forme de collecteur cylindrique (1).
  11. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en forme de collecteur plat.
  12. Collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille (12) est en métal.
  13. Procédé de fabrication d'un collecteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel un jeu de lamelles est fixé à la périphérie intérieure d'un moule cylindrique sous pression et un élément en forme de douille est fixé autour d'une broche centrale du moule sous pression et celui-ci est rempli de matière isolante, procédé caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille présente par rapport à la broche une distance radiale régulière formant un intervalle annulaire.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'élément en forme de douille se présente sous la forme d'un outil de moulage, de centrage, dégagé du fond du moule sous pression en s'appuyant sur au moins trois griffes réparties en couronne.
EP91107174A 1990-05-16 1991-05-03 Collecteur pour moteur ou générateur électrique Expired - Lifetime EP0457126B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4015705 1990-05-16
DE4015705A DE4015705C2 (de) 1990-05-16 1990-05-16 Kollektor für einen Elektromotor oder -generator

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0457126A2 EP0457126A2 (fr) 1991-11-21
EP0457126A3 EP0457126A3 (en) 1992-03-04
EP0457126B1 true EP0457126B1 (fr) 1994-12-28

Family

ID=6406529

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91107174A Expired - Lifetime EP0457126B1 (fr) 1990-05-16 1991-05-03 Collecteur pour moteur ou générateur électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5140213A (fr)
EP (1) EP0457126B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05236706A (fr)
DE (2) DE4015705C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4302759C2 (de) * 1993-02-01 1996-11-14 Nettelhoff Friedrich Fa Kollektor mit Armierungsring
DE19744357A1 (de) * 1997-10-08 1999-04-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Kommutator
US20030129855A1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2003-07-10 Douglas Richard E. Current collector assembly and method
JP2004229352A (ja) * 2003-01-20 2004-08-12 Denso Corp 回転電機の電機子及びこの電機子を有するスタータ
DE10338450A1 (de) * 2003-08-21 2005-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kommutator für eine elektrische Maschine
WO2005055399A1 (fr) * 2003-10-12 2005-06-16 Conglong Li Moteur
JP2007312540A (ja) * 2006-05-19 2007-11-29 Aisan Ind Co Ltd 整流子
WO2022094834A1 (fr) * 2020-11-05 2022-05-12 徐州新隆全电子科技有限公司 Commutateur électronique anti-corrosion

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE512733C (de) * 1928-12-07 1930-11-18 Kautt & Bux G M B H Kollektor mit in eine Isoliermasse eingebetteten, durch besondere Isolierlamellen getrennten Kupfersegmenten
DE674358C (de) * 1936-05-21 1939-04-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Pressstromwender mit metallenen Verstaerkungsringen
GB468616A (en) * 1937-02-19 1937-07-08 Kurt Silberstein Commutator for electric motors
DE852576C (de) * 1941-11-16 1952-10-16 Siemens Ag Kommutator, insbesondere Pressstoffkommutator
US2672564A (en) * 1952-03-25 1954-03-16 Raytheon Mfg Co Dynamoelectric machine
US2997559A (en) * 1957-08-08 1961-08-22 Globe Ind Inc Governor
CH457608A (fr) * 1965-07-12 1968-06-15 Mavilor Procédé de fabrication d'un rotor de machine électrique comprenant un collecteur à surface de contact frontale
DE7035303U (de) * 1969-09-24 1971-03-18 Nippon Denso Co Kommutator fuer elektrische maschinen.
US3657584A (en) * 1970-07-27 1972-04-18 Gurgen Petrosovich Vartanian Contact device
US3777367A (en) * 1971-12-02 1973-12-11 Ametek Inc Method of fabricating a commutator
US4050882A (en) * 1976-11-04 1977-09-27 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Dual variable orifice for reinforced preheater
DE3714098A1 (de) * 1987-04-28 1988-11-10 Kautt & Bux Kg Kommutator fuer maschinen kleiner bis mittlerer groesse und verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0457126A3 (en) 1992-03-04
US5140213A (en) 1992-08-18
JPH05236706A (ja) 1993-09-10
DE4015705A1 (de) 1991-11-28
DE4015705C2 (de) 1993-11-11
DE59104017D1 (de) 1995-02-09
EP0457126A2 (fr) 1991-11-21

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