EP0459959B1 - Procédé de préparation de composés explosifs liés par des polymères - Google Patents

Procédé de préparation de composés explosifs liés par des polymères Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0459959B1
EP0459959B1 EP91850118A EP91850118A EP0459959B1 EP 0459959 B1 EP0459959 B1 EP 0459959B1 EP 91850118 A EP91850118 A EP 91850118A EP 91850118 A EP91850118 A EP 91850118A EP 0459959 B1 EP0459959 B1 EP 0459959B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
polymer
explosive
water
flegmatization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91850118A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0459959A2 (fr
EP0459959A3 (en
Inventor
Hermann Schmid
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eurenco Bofors AB
Original Assignee
Bofors Explosives AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bofors Explosives AB filed Critical Bofors Explosives AB
Publication of EP0459959A2 publication Critical patent/EP0459959A2/fr
Publication of EP0459959A3 publication Critical patent/EP0459959A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0459959B1 publication Critical patent/EP0459959B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0066—Shaping the mixture by granulation, e.g. flaking
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of producing explosive bodies of crystalline, polymer-bonded explosives, with a predetermined particle size of the crystalline components achieved by grinding a coarser crystalline explosive fraction.
  • Modern high-energy explosives such as pentyl, octogene and hexogene, and others, are often of crystalline structure.
  • it has proved difficult in both the manufacturing process and the recrystallization to control the crystal formation so as always to obtain products of sufficiently fine and uniform crystal size.
  • it has therefore been necessary to grind the originally obtained explosives crystals to the desired particle size before these become usable for their contemplated purpose.
  • this operation has always taken place with the explosive suspended or slurried in water.
  • detonating fuzes of different types which normally contain pentyl, and so-called hollow charges which normally contain polymer-bonded octogene or hexogene.
  • the present invention now relates to a novel method of producing explosive bodies, primarily hollow charges but also other charges being applicable hereto, comprising one or more crystalline explosives combined with a polymer binder and in which the crystalline explosive component has a particle size which has been achieved by grinding of an at least partly coarser crystalline starting material.
  • the desired explosive bodies are thus produced in that crystalline explosives included therein are ground prior to final forming to the desired particle size, suspended in a flegmatization or grinding liquid which thereafter is at least partly included in the polymer binder.
  • the polymer component included therein may consist, for instance, of a water-soluble polymer, for example a water-soluble polyurethane, or of a polymer soluble in a solvent, in which the solution thereof is in turn emulsified in water, or vice versa.
  • a water-soluble polymer for example a water-soluble polyurethane
  • a polymer soluble in a solvent in which the solution thereof is in turn emulsified in water, or vice versa.
  • One representative example would then be polyvinyl acetate dissolved in ethyl acetate and emulsified in water.
  • Polyvinyl acetate dissolved in ethyl acetate may also be directly employed as grinding liquid, on condition that the concentrations are suitably adapted.
  • the flegmatization and grinding liquid according to the present invention may further alternatively consist of one or more of a plurality of components included in a multi-component polymer system or alternatively the complete polymer system which may be in the prepolymerized or polymerized state and, in such an event (at least in the latter alternative) dissolved in a fugitive solvent which is driven off in connection with the final forming operation, in which event additional polymer components or alternatively some other polymerization initiator such as heat may also be supplied.
  • the present invention further encompasses the concept that the polymer components included in the flegmatization or grinding liquid may consist of individual components or mixtures which are not reactive with one another or with the explosive, or which alternatively consist of monomers, prepolymerized, or polymers of single- or multi-component type which are reactive with one another and/or may chemically be embodied in the explosive.
  • the basic inventive concept as herein disclosed encompasses a very large number of variations, depending upon which polymer system is selected as binder in the finished product.
  • the grinding proper in the method according to the present invention takes place in a grinding apparatus of per se known type which preferably consists of an appropriately loaded ball mill of one type or another and which thus may be of the vibrating or rotary type without moving agitators, or of the agitator type.
  • the quantity of grinding liquid may, in the method according to the present invention, vary between 80 and 30 per cent by weight, i.e. 20-70 per cent by weight crystalline charge, depending upon the selected polymer system and explosives, as well as the desired degree of grinding and the performance of the grinding apparatus.
  • the grinding could, for example, take place in an isocyanate, in a polyol, or in a polyol mixture.
  • the apparatus comprises a mixing tank 1 in which the crystalline explosive fed via the inlet 2 is dispersed in the polymer binder component fed via the inlet 3. From the tank 1, the dispersion is pumped by the pump 4 further towards a valve 5.
  • the system also includes a return conduit 6 via which the dispersion which the valve 5 cannot accept is returned to the tank 1.
  • an adapted quantity of dispersion is fed to the ball mill 7 which, in this particular case, is conceived as being of the vibrating type and filled to a considerable extent with grinding bodies of aluminium silicate, each one in the form of a cylinder with slightly cupped ends.
  • the goods dispersed in the polymer component passes via the conduit 8 towards a separation device 9 which returns all coarse fraction together with a portion of the polymer component via the return conduit 10, while the fine fraction is fed via the conduit 11 to a sedimentation vessel 12 where a considerable proportion of the polymer component is removed and returned to the tank 1 via the return conduit 13.
  • the goods, at desired total solids is supplied from the vessel 12 to an additional vessel 14 in which other polymer components, are fed via the conduit 13, whereafter the thus obtained matrix is, possibly after granulation, finally formed into the desired explosive bodies and the binder is cured.
  • the apparatus employed consisted of a vibrating ball mill of a product volume of 9.8 litres and filled with cylindrical grinding bodies of aluminium oxide with rounded ends. Two sizes of grinding bodies were employed, of the dimensions 1/2 ⁇ x 1/2 ⁇ and 1/4 ⁇ x 1/4 ⁇ .
  • the inside of the grinding apparatus was polymer coated, and it has not been possible for us to ascertain any immediate difference between the grinding apparatus which had an inner teflon surface and that which was interiorly coated with a polyurethane layer.
  • the electric drive motor of the grinding apparatus was of 5 hp, 50 Hz and operated at a speed of 1,350 rpm.
  • HMX octogene
  • the particle size of the finished product appears mostly to be a result of the size of the grinding bodies, even though a longer grinding time must be expected in order to achieve the smaller particle size. Since, in the experiments described above, we investigated those particle sizes we could achieve and therefore continued the grinding until no actual further particle change could be ascertained, our grinding times are not representative and are therefore not presented here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Other Resins Obtained By Reactions Not Involving Carbon-To-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de corps explosifs contenant un ou plusieurs explosifs cristallins à grains fins liés par un polymère, caractérisé en ce que les explosifs cristallins incorporés sont broyés, avant la mise en forme finale des corps explosifs, à la dimension particulaire voulue en suspension dans un liquide de broyage ou d'insensibilisation qui est ensuite incorporé, au moins partiellement, au liant polymère.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ingrédients explosifs cristallins sont broyés, avant la mise en forme finale du corps explosif, à la dimension particulaire voulue en suspension dans l'un au moins des ingrédients d'un système polymère à plusieurs ingrédients, et en ce que les ingrédients polymères restants sont introduits après la fin de l'opération de broyage, lors de la mise en forme finale des corps explosifs voulus et de la polymérisation du liant.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les ingrédients explosifs cristallins, avant la mise en forme finale des corps explosifs, sont broyés à la dimension particulaire voulue en suspension dans un liquide de broyage et d'insensibilisation qui contient un ou plusieurs ingrédients polymères qui peuvent être polymérisés ou prépolymérisés et, en outre, qui contient de l'eau et/ou un solvant organique des ingrédients polymères, l'eau et/ou le solvant étant chassés après la fin de l'opération de broyage lors de la mise en forme finale du produit.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les ingrédients polymères pertinents contenus dans le liquide de broyage ou d'insensibilisation sont dissous dans un solvant, et en ce que cette solution est émulsifiée dans de l'eau, ou inversement, puis la charge est mise en suspension dans le liquide ainsi obtenu de broyage ou d'insensibilisation, et l'opération de broyage est réalisée jusqu'à la dimension particulaire voulue, puis le solvant et l'eau sont chassés et le produit est mis à la forme finale voulue.
  5. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les ingrédients polymères supplémentaires incorporés au liant sont transmis après la fin de l'opération de broyage et après que le solvant et l'eau éventuels ont été chassés mais avant la mise en forme finale du produit.
  6. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le produit broyé est granulé avant la mise en forme finale mais après l'évacuation d'un solvant éventuel, et après l'addition des ingrédients polymères supplémentaires éventuels.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le broyage est réalisé dans un liquide de broyage qui contient un liant polymère ou un ingrédient polymère incorporé à un tel liant qui est destiné à être incorporé au corps explosif terminé en plus grande quantité, et le surplus est retiré par aspiration et/ou séparé par sédimentation et recyclé dans le procédé avant la mise en forme finale du produit terminé.
  8. Procédé selon une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'opération de broyage est réalisée dans un broyeur à boulets ayant des parties mobiles ou non.
EP91850118A 1990-05-29 1991-05-10 Procédé de préparation de composés explosifs liés par des polymères Expired - Lifetime EP0459959B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9001913A SE501224C2 (sv) 1990-05-29 1990-05-29 Sätt att framställa polymerbundna sprängämneskroppar
SE9001913 1990-05-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0459959A2 EP0459959A2 (fr) 1991-12-04
EP0459959A3 EP0459959A3 (en) 1992-03-25
EP0459959B1 true EP0459959B1 (fr) 1996-01-03

Family

ID=20379613

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91850118A Expired - Lifetime EP0459959B1 (fr) 1990-05-29 1991-05-10 Procédé de préparation de composés explosifs liés par des polymères

Country Status (6)

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EP (1) EP0459959B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE132476T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2043398A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69115995T2 (fr)
NO (1) NO175144C (fr)
SE (1) SE501224C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ZA200205775B (en) * 2002-04-12 2003-03-28 Diehl Munitionssysteme Gmbh Insensitive hexogen explosive.
RU2247101C2 (ru) * 2003-03-28 2005-02-27 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский институт полимерных материалов" Способ измельчения твердых частиц
RU2434833C1 (ru) * 2010-05-26 2011-11-27 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Научно-исследовательский институт полимерных материалов" Способ приготовления рабочей смеси порошков
CN103936533B (zh) * 2014-04-21 2016-05-18 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 高粘度pbx炸药压注成型方法及装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB776539A (en) * 1946-01-30 1957-06-05 Mini Of Supply Preparation of explosive substances in thermoplastic or pourable form
GB1082641A (en) * 1963-03-14 1967-09-06 Secr Defence Explosive compositions
US4070212A (en) * 1964-11-23 1978-01-24 Thiokol Corporation High performance fast burning solid propellant
EP0217770B1 (fr) * 1985-09-27 1992-01-22 Nobel Kemi AB Procédé de flegmatisation d'explosifs cristallins et d'autres substances cristallines explosives ainsi que procédé de fabrication d'explosifs liés avec une matière plastique et substances fabriquées suivant le procédé

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69115995T2 (de) 1996-05-30
CA2043398A1 (fr) 1991-11-30
NO912046D0 (no) 1991-05-28
ATE132476T1 (de) 1996-01-15
EP0459959A2 (fr) 1991-12-04
NO175144C (no) 1994-09-07
SE501224C2 (sv) 1994-12-12
NO175144B (no) 1994-05-30
DE69115995D1 (de) 1996-02-15
NO912046L (no) 1991-12-02
EP0459959A3 (en) 1992-03-25
SE9001913D0 (sv) 1990-05-29
SE9001913L (sv) 1991-11-30

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