EP0465997A1 - Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds - Google Patents

Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0465997A1
EP0465997A1 EP91110958A EP91110958A EP0465997A1 EP 0465997 A1 EP0465997 A1 EP 0465997A1 EP 91110958 A EP91110958 A EP 91110958A EP 91110958 A EP91110958 A EP 91110958A EP 0465997 A1 EP0465997 A1 EP 0465997A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
space
framework panel
space framework
octahedra
side walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91110958A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0465997B1 (fr
Inventor
Jaime Dr. Sanchez
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mero Raumstruktur GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Mero Raumstruktur GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mero Raumstruktur GmbH and Co filed Critical Mero Raumstruktur GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0465997A1 publication Critical patent/EP0465997A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0465997B1 publication Critical patent/EP0465997B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional [3D] framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
    • Y10S52/10—Polyhedron

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-layer space frame panel made of bars and knots, consisting of a plurality of interconnected, annular networks that extend along a honeycomb-like basic structure, the annular networks being composed of elementary building blocks, namely cupoctahedra, octahedra and stiffened by diagonal bars Parts of the same, and furthermore the annular networks also delimit open cavities.
  • Such a multi-layer space frame panel is known from DE-OS 3 627 633. Due to the special construction, this room framework panel can be built with larger spans than was previously possible with the usual 2-layer or 3-layer room framework panels.
  • a shortcoming of this known space frame panel is, however, that it cannot easily be used as a roof structure because of the numerous large openings on its top and side walls. In the area of the openings, the knot pieces required as purlins or support points for the roof skin or side wall cladding are missing. In other words, the dimensions of these openings in the ring-shaped networks of this space frame panel are too large to be easily covered by roof skins or side wall claddings.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a multi-layer space frame panel of the type described in such a way that its outwardly open cavities on the top and the side walls are closed by means of further space frames, so that sufficient support or fastening points for one are also provided in these areas Roof skin or side wall cladding are present.
  • the above object is achieved in that the spatial truss is cut so that two-layer supplementary trusses can be used in the open spaces on the top and on the side walls of the trimmed spatial truss in such a way that on the top and the Sidewalls of the space frame panel, a grid of bars and knot pieces is available in one level.
  • These supplementary space trusses can advantageously be composed predominantly of the same elementary building blocks as the ring-shaped networks of the space truss slab. Only further tetrahedra, square prisms and half square prisms are required as further elementary components.
  • the multi-layer space frame panel has in the outermost layers on its upper side and the side walls in a grid arranged node pieces to which a roof skin or side wall cladding can be attached directly or indirectly.
  • the supplementary space trusses can only manage with two bar lengths in a ratio of 1: 2 and two angle types (45 and 60 °).
  • the spatial framework plate 10 shown in FIG. 1 has numerous annular networks which extend like a honeycomb spatially over six layers and are connected to one another, one of which is designated by the reference number 11 in FIG. 1 by way of example for all others.
  • These ring-shaped networks 11 in turn consist of elementary building blocks and each elementary building block has a number of cuboctahedra, octahedra and half-cuboctahedra stiffened by diagonal bars.
  • a space frame plate 12 with a hexagonal floor plan or a space frame plate 13 with a rectangular floor plan is "separated" from this prior art space frame plate 10 to explain the invention.
  • the space framework panel 12 is shown in full lines in FIG. 1 and the space framework panel 13 is indicated in FIG. 1 in dashed lines.
  • the side walls of the space frame panel 12 alternately have an inclination of approx. 54 ° and approx. 70 ° to the horizontal, while the space frame plate 13 with a rectangular plan along the section lines S3 vertical side walls and along the section lines S1 and S2 side walls with an inclination of approx. 54 ° and approx. 70 0 contains.
  • FIG. 6 shows the two upper layers 14 on the upper side of the space frame plate 12 with the openings 15 and 16 of the cavities, which are delimited by the annular networks 11. These cavities 15 and 16 are to be closed in such a way that a grid of rods and node pieces is present in one plane at the top of the space frame panel 12.
  • This purpose is served by two-layer supplementary trusses 1, 3 or 2 and 3, which are shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C.
  • the two-layer supplementary framework 1 or 2 can optionally be installed in the openings 15.
  • the two-layer supplementary framework 3 is intended for closing the openings 16.
  • two additional space frame structures 1 and three additional space frame structures 3 are shown in the installed state in the left half.
  • two supplementary space frameworks 2 are shown as examples in the inserted state.
  • the two-layer additional space framework 1 is composed of the following elementary building blocks from rods 6 and node pieces 7: nine tetrahedra (T), three half-octahedra (1/2 O), one octahedron (O) and three half-Cuboctahedra (1 / 2 CO).
  • the two-layer supplementary framework 2, which can be used as an alternative to the supplementary framework 1, consists of the following basic components: six half-cuboctahedra (1/2 CO) and one octahedron (O).
  • the two-layer additional space framework 3 comprises three half-octahedra (1/2 O) and four tetrahedra (T) as elementary building blocks.
  • the two-layer supplementary space trusses 1, 2 and 3 are composed predominantly of the same elementary building blocks as the ring-shaped networks 11 of the space truss panel 12.
  • a roof skin can be attached in the usual way.
  • the cavities delimited by the annular networks 11 of the spatial framework plate 12 also open on the side walls of the spatial framework plate 12 into openings 15, 16, which correspond to the openings 15, 16 at the top of the spatial framework plate, and in three openings 17.
  • the two-layer additional space frameworks 1 (FIG. 6A) or 2 (FIG. 6B) are installed, while the two-layer additional space frameworks 3 (FIG. 6C) are inserted into the openings 16.
  • the openings 17 on three sides of the space frame plate 12 are closed by rectangular, two-layer additional space frame structures 4 (FIG. 7).
  • Each additional space framework 4 is composed of a series of half-octahedra (1/2 0) and half-cuboctahedron (1/2 CO) as elementary building blocks.
  • a triangular grid and a square grid of rods 6 and knot pieces 7 are each formed in one plane on the side walls of the space frame panel 12, whereby side wall claddings (not shown) can be attached to the knot pieces 7 (in the outermost position) .
  • Fig. 8 shows the space frame panel 12 'with the closed top and side walls but without roof skin or side wall cladding.
  • the outermost layers on the upper side and the side walls of the space frame panel 12 ' have a triangular grid or a triangular grid and a square grid.
  • the space framework panel 12 "of FIG. 9 contains the supplementary space frameworks 2, 3 on the top and three side walls and the supplementary space frameworks 4 on the remaining three side walls.
  • the space framework panel 12" therefore has a hexagon on its top side and three side walls. Grid and again a square grid on the remaining three side walls.
  • FIG. 10 shows the two lowest layers of the space frame plate 12 (FIGS. 1 to 5).
  • the support edges of the space frame plate 12 ' form three-strap ties 18 made of rods 20 and knot pieces 19.
  • the three-strap ties 18 are joined to form a hexagon and are installed in the two lowest layers of the space frame plate 12' in such a way that the knot pieces 19 serving as supports are in one Level.
  • FIG. 13 shows that the openings of the cavities delimited by the annular networks 11 are open on the underside of the space frame panel 12 '.
  • the six-layer space frame panel 13 with a rectangular plan shown in FIGS. 14, 15 and in dashed lines in FIG. 1 has two vertical side walls along the cutting lines S3 and oblique side walls along the cutting lines S1 and S2 with an inclination angle of approx. 54 ° or approx. 70 ° to the horizontal.
  • the two-layer supplementary framework 4 (FIG. 7) is installed in the opening 17 of the cavities delimited by the annular networks 11 on the one side wall.
  • the two-layer supplementary framework 4 (FIG. 7) is installed in the openings 21 of the cavities delimited by the ring-shaped networks 11 on the two vertical side walls of the space frame plate 13, a two-layer supplementary space frame 5 (FIG. 16) is inserted, as shown in FIG. 17 for the left side wall of the space frame plate 13 is illustrated.
  • each of the two additional space frameworks 5 is composed of a series of elementary building blocks made up of rods 6 and node pieces 7, namely of square prisms, square prisms with diagonal rods 8 and half square prisms (FIG. 16).
  • the openings 15, 16 on the other inclined side wall of the space frame plate 13 and on the top of the space frame plate 13 can, as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 2-13, either with the two-layer supplementary space frames 1 and 3 (FIGS. 6A, 6C ) or the supplementary space frameworks 2 and 3 (Fig. 6B, 6C) are closed.
  • the six-layer space frame panel 13 ' is shown on the top and the four side walls in the closed state (without roof skin and side wall cladding). This results in a hexagon grid on the top and one side wall, and a square grid on the remaining three side walls.
  • This embodiment also has the advantage that the supplementary spatial frameworks (for example 2 and 4) are composed predominantly of the same elementary building blocks as the ring-shaped networks 11 of the spatial framework panels 13 and 13 '. Only for the additional space frameworks 3 and 5 are tetrahedra and square prisms partially required with diagonal bars 8 or half square prisms. On the top and the side walls of the space frame panel 13 ', the node pieces 7 arranged in the grid are each in one plane in the outermost position, so that a roof skin or side wall cladding can be attached to these node pieces 7 (not shown).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
EP91110958A 1990-07-11 1991-07-02 Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds Expired - Lifetime EP0465997B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4022138 1990-07-11
DE4022138A DE4022138C1 (fr) 1990-07-11 1990-07-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0465997A1 true EP0465997A1 (fr) 1992-01-15
EP0465997B1 EP0465997B1 (fr) 1994-10-12

Family

ID=6410112

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91110958A Expired - Lifetime EP0465997B1 (fr) 1990-07-11 1991-07-02 Panneau multicouche en treillis comprenant des barres et des noeuds

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5201160A (fr)
EP (1) EP0465997B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05230880A (fr)
AT (1) ATE112812T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4022138C1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000055440A1 (fr) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Vortec Energy Limited Turbine modulable a diffuseur segmente
CN108265870A (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-07-10 上海理工大学 基于分形理论的屋顶板及其附件

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9816180D0 (en) * 1998-07-25 1998-09-23 Kubik Leszek A Space frames
US6931812B1 (en) 2000-12-22 2005-08-23 Stephen Leon Lipscomb Web structure and method for making the same
JP3811708B1 (ja) * 2005-10-25 2006-08-23 積水化学工業株式会社 建築構造体
JP4108101B2 (ja) * 2006-04-21 2008-06-25 積水化学工業株式会社 立体チューブ建築構造体
DE202008005695U1 (de) * 2008-04-24 2009-09-03 SCHÜCO International KG Fassade oder Lichtdach eines Gebäudes und Verbindungselement dafür
US8257088B1 (en) 2008-07-18 2012-09-04 Craig Askins Geometric assembly for therapeutic or athletic use
DE102011008067A1 (de) * 2011-01-07 2012-07-12 Areva Np Gmbh Schutzsystem für Gebäude- oder Behälterwände
US11045678B1 (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-06-29 Richard Dattner Systems and methods for modular recreational structures

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4719726A (en) * 1986-04-14 1988-01-19 Helmut Bergman Continuous spherical truss construction
DE3627633A1 (de) * 1986-08-14 1988-02-18 Reuben Wimmer Tragdeckenkonstruktion
WO1988004714A1 (fr) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-30 Gwilliam Tony S Structures octaedriques utilisant des elements de tension et de compression

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2316141C3 (de) * 1973-03-29 1979-08-16 Conrad Roland 1000 Berlin Lehmann Räumliches Netzwerk zum Klettern
US3942291A (en) * 1974-05-06 1976-03-09 Takenaka Komuten Co., Ltd. Artificial land structure framework
US4686800A (en) * 1986-01-29 1987-08-18 Mccormick Donald M Geometric construction system and method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4719726A (en) * 1986-04-14 1988-01-19 Helmut Bergman Continuous spherical truss construction
DE3627633A1 (de) * 1986-08-14 1988-02-18 Reuben Wimmer Tragdeckenkonstruktion
WO1988004714A1 (fr) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-30 Gwilliam Tony S Structures octaedriques utilisant des elements de tension et de compression

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000055440A1 (fr) * 1999-03-17 2000-09-21 Vortec Energy Limited Turbine modulable a diffuseur segmente
CN108265870A (zh) * 2018-01-18 2018-07-10 上海理工大学 基于分形理论的屋顶板及其附件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH05230880A (ja) 1993-09-07
DE59103210D1 (de) 1994-11-24
DE4022138C1 (fr) 1992-02-13
EP0465997B1 (fr) 1994-10-12
US5201160A (en) 1993-04-13
ATE112812T1 (de) 1994-10-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69415277T2 (de) Vorfabrizierte industrielle Decke
DE4022138C1 (fr)
DE60126633T2 (de) Vorgefertigtes deckenstrukturelement und verfahren zur herstellung solcher elemente
DE19532107C2 (de) Schiff mit im Schiffsrumpf angeordneten, sich horizontal erstreckenden ebenen Flächenelementen
DE2814713A1 (de) Zerlegbare trennwand
DE2616494B2 (de) Sturz zum Überbrücken von öffnungen in Hohlwänden
DE2157525A1 (de) Fertig-Deckenelement aus armiertem Beton
DE2324224A1 (de) Hochhaus
DE2151547C3 (de) Haus zur schnellen Errichtung aus vorgefertigten Teilen
DE4305301C2 (de) Deckenschalung
DE2657614A1 (de) Raumkonstruktion zur bildung von bauwerken mit einer oder mehreren etagen
DE2403552C3 (de) Aus Tragwerkseinheiten bestehendes Dachtragwerk
DE2926780A1 (de) Schalungssystem mit rechteckigen tafeln
DE69516956T2 (de) Modularer Umfassungs-Satz zum Abgrenzen eines erweiterbaren, umschlossenen Rauminhaltes
DE3736754A1 (de) Fussbodenplatte
DE3007987C2 (de) Aus Stäben und Knotenstücken gebildetes Raumfachwerk mit eine Gebäudeaußenhaut o.dgl. bildenden Platten
DE10135389A1 (de) C-Profil
DE3933392A1 (de) Selbsttragende aufgeloeste bauplatte
DE2522037A1 (de) Raumfachwerk
DE2052107C3 (de) Zerlegbare Brücke
DE2263729A1 (de) Rautenfachwerk
AT394747B (de) Gebaeude mit abstellplaetzen fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE3625404A1 (de) Mehrteilige holzstuetze
DE3605998A1 (de) Schwimmendes parkdeck
DE29616241U1 (de) Wandelement in Massivholz-Ausführung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910711

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19920319

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 19941012

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19941012

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19941012

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 112812

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19941015

Kind code of ref document: T

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19941026

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59103210

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19941124

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 91110958.5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19950505

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19950629

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Effective date: 19950702

Ref country code: AT

Effective date: 19950702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19950703

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19950731

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19950731

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19950731

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19950915

Year of fee payment: 5

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19960201

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19960201

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 91110958.5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19960702

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19960702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19970328

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19970402

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050702