Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
  • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
  • C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
  • C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
  • C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
  • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
  • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
  • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the manufacture of agglomerates, in particular agglomerates based on combustible solid materials, or ores. It relates more particularly to a process for agglomerating these materials in the form of powders, fines or granules by using a new binder system with a low sulfur content, as well as the products obtained.
• agglomeration processes for forming briquettes or other agglomerates based on solid fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke which use binders or other additives.
• the binders make it possible to increase the cohesion of the agglomerates and must preserve this cohesion under the conditions of storage outside and in particular in the presence of water.
• the binders must have suitable properties during the combustion of the agglomerate, when it comes to fuel, and in particular, they must not be the source of emissions of odors and gases harmful for the environment.
• binders recommended in the prior art are, for example, bitumen, starch, polyvinyl alcohols alone or in the presence of lime, as described in patent publication GB 2 138 442, a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol with molasses as described in patent publication EP 0 135 784, molasses catalyzed with calcium salts, phosphates as described in patent publication GB 230 306, or also black liquors paper mills with dichromate and sulfuric acid, as described in patent publication EP 0 127 351, molasses with black liquors as described in patent publication CA 1 113 246.
• the invention overcomes the disadvantages mentioned. It proposes a process for the manufacture of agglomerates, using a binder system which provides good mechanical and chemical properties of resistance to agglomerates as well as good properties adapted to the combustion of agglomerates when it comes to fuels.
• the process according to the invention uses for the agglomeration by compression and heating of fines, powders, granules, based on carbonaceous materials, in particular of fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke, or based on ores or other minerals, a binder system comprising at least one binder chosen from molasses, and at least one curing agent for molasses chosen from organic or inorganic ammonium salts.
• organic or inorganic ammonium salts whose catalytic hardening action vis-à-vis molasses had never been described before, nevertheless provide by association with this molasses a particularly effective binder system and having all the essential properties desired for the manufacture of agglomerates, in particular combustible agglomerates.
• the binder system is used in an amount of 5 to 20% by weight approximately relative to the total weight of the agglomerate.
• the invention also relates to an agglomerated product comprising from 80 to 95% by weight of fines, powders or granules to be agglomerated based on carbonaceous materials, in particular fuels such as coal, anthracite, coke or other minerals, and from 20 to 5% by weight of the binder system comprising at least one molasses and at least one organic or inorganic ammonium salt as catalyst for the molasses.
• the molasses forming the actual binder according to the invention can be cane molasses or beet molasses. These molasses can be used alone or as a mixture with one another or with other binders such as lignosulfonates, in particular ammonium lignosulfonate, black liquors.
• the catalyst of the binder system used in the process according to the invention has the role in particular of making the binder, that is to say the molasses or molasses, insoluble in water.
• the organic or inorganic ammonium salts used as catalysts can be an acetate, carbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, phosphate, ammonium lignosulfonate.
• the weight ratio between the binder itself and the catalyst depends on the choice of the catalyst used.
• the binder system is formed from about 40 to 90% molasses and from 60 to 10% ammonium lignosulfonate.
• the catalyst is ammonium nitrate, it can be used in a smaller amount, from 0.5% by weight approximately up to 30% by weight approximately relative to the weight of the binder system.
• the fines, powders or granules which can be agglomerated by the process according to the invention are in particular based on combustible materials such as coal, anthracite, coke. They can also be minerals-based fines such as nickel, chromite, ferro-manganese, magnesium or other minerals such as fluorspar.
• a particularly advantageous agglomerated product according to the invention is a product based on combustible materials such as coal, anthracite, coke.
• This agglomerated product according to the invention can be in the form of briquettes, balls, etc., it is smokeless during use, insoluble and low in sulfur content.
• the agglomerate it is sufficient according to the invention to bring the fines into contact with the binder system, at a temperature and for a sufficient time to ensure the polymerization of the binder system, in particular at a temperature between 100 and 300 ° C for a period of approximately 3 minutes to approximately 3 hours.
• the binder and the catalyst it is possible to premix the two components forming the binder system beforehand, then mix with the material to be agglomerated.
• the material to be agglomerated can be premixed with the catalyst.
• the binder system according to the invention is advantageously used to agglomerate combustible materials to form briquettes, balls, etc. During the combustion of these briquettes, due to the use of molasses as a binder, the clearances of sulfur products in the form of gas are greatly reduced.
• Another advantage of the system according to the invention is that the ammonium salts used as a catalyst for molasses sublime under the combustion conditions and do not give ash.
• the agglomerates according to the invention have a good appearance and good resistance to crushing, even after a long immersion in water.
• the characteristics of the agglomerated by treating them after cooking with a water-repellent product, in particular by soaking in a water-repellent bath are advantageous characteristic of the invention.
• Briquettes of 100 g are made by pressing and baked 30 minutes at 150 ° C, then 30 minutes at 240 ° C.
• the crush resistance measured after cooking on the Michaelis scale in the fiftieth is equal to 200 kg, but, after immersion for 16 hours in water, the crush resistance drops to less than 50 kg.
• Example 2 The procedure is as in Example 1, except that 12% molasses and 2% ferric oxide are used as binder.
• the briquettes obtained, of the same shape have a crushing resistance equal to 180 kg.
• An agglomerate of the same shape is obtained having a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 180 kg. After a 16 hour immersion in water, the resistance loss is very low and less than 10%.
• the chipboard has a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 165 kg.
• the loss of characteristics after 16 hours of immersion in water is less than 10%.
• An agglomerate is obtained having a mechanical resistance to crushing greater than 200 kg and a limited loss of characteristics and less than 10% after 16 hours of immersion in water.
• An agglomerate is obtained having a crushing strength greater than 185 kg and a loss of characteristics limited to 15% after 16 hours of immersion in water.
• the agglomerates obtained after baking have a crushing strength greater than 190 kg and the loss of characteristics after immersion for 16 hours in water is only 15%.
• the agglomerates after baking have a crushing resistance of 180 kg.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
• Catalysts (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=9398747

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (4)

Citations (5)

• 1990
  • 1990-07-16 FR FR9009028A patent/FR2664611B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1991
  • 1991-07-04 DE DE1991604428 patent/DE69104428T2/de not_active Revoked
  • 1991-07-04 EP EP19910401841 patent/EP0467739B1/de not_active Revoked

Patent Citations (5)

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