EP0468413A2 - Ebene Antenne mit hohem Gewinn und grossem Wirkungsgrad - Google Patents

Ebene Antenne mit hohem Gewinn und grossem Wirkungsgrad Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0468413A2
EP0468413A2 EP91112254A EP91112254A EP0468413A2 EP 0468413 A2 EP0468413 A2 EP 0468413A2 EP 91112254 A EP91112254 A EP 91112254A EP 91112254 A EP91112254 A EP 91112254A EP 0468413 A2 EP0468413 A2 EP 0468413A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
dielectric body
upper side
slot
current supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91112254A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0468413A3 (en
EP0468413B1 (de
Inventor
Masahiko Ohta
Hironori c/o Hitachi Chemical Company Ishizaka
Hisayoshi Mizugaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Resonac Corp
Original Assignee
Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Publication of EP0468413A2 publication Critical patent/EP0468413A2/de
Publication of EP0468413A3 publication Critical patent/EP0468413A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0468413B1 publication Critical patent/EP0468413B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microstrip type plane antenna to be utilized in a microwave communication.
  • a plane antenna has been developed as an alternative to a parabola antenna for a microwave communication.
  • a microstrip type plane antenna shown in Figs. 1 (A) and 1 (B), where the antenna comprises: a dielectric body 2; a grounding conductor body 1 provided on a lower side of the dielectric body 2; a current supply line 5 in a form of a strip line provided on an upper side of the dielectric body 2; and a patch shaped radiative element 4 provided on the upper side of the dielectric body 2 at an end of the current supply line 5.
  • the antenna for practical use actually has a plurality of the patch shaped radiative elements 4 arranged in an array, among which the current supply lines 5 are arranged with their lengths, branching positions, and line widths appropriately adjusted for the sake of phase matching and impedance matching.
  • a microstrip type plane antenna shown in Figs. 2(A) and 2(B), where the antenna comprises: a first dielectric body 2; a first grounding conductor body 1 provided on a lower side of the first dielectric body 2; a current supply line 5 in a form of a strip line provided on an upper side of the first dielectric body 2; a patch shaped radiative element 4 provided on the upper side of the first dielectric body 2 at an end of the current supply line 5; a second dielectric body 21 formed on the upper side of the first dielectric body 2 over the radiative element 4 and the current supply line 5; and a second grounding conductor body 11 provided on the upper side of the second dielectric body 21, which has a slot 3 at a position located directly above the radiative element 4.
  • the current supply lines 5 are arranged in a space sandwiched between the first and second grounding conductor bodies 1 and 11, so that the unnecessary radiations from the branching and curving sections of the current supply lines 5 tend to be suppressed by being obstructed by the second grounding conductor body 11 while the radiations from the radiative elements 4 can be transmitted without any obstruction through the slots 3 as shown in Fig. 2(C), such that the antenna efficiency can be improved.
  • this microstrip type plane antenna is effective in suppressing the unnecessary radiations from the current supply lines, it is also associated with a problem that the radiation efficiency of this antenna becomes low when the area of the slot 3 is small such that the gain is lower by 1 to 4 dB compared with the antenna of Figs. 1 (A) and 1 (B). If the area of the slot 3 is increased, the gain may be improved, but the effect of suppressing the unnecessary radiations from the current supply line would be weakened such that the antenna gain becomes low.
  • a plane antenna formed by a plurality of antenna units arranged in an array, each of the antenna units comprising: a first dielectric body; a first grounding conductor body provided on a lower side of the first dielectric body; a current supply line in a form of a strip line provided on an upper side of the first dielectric body; a patch shaped radiative element provided on the upper side of the first dielectric body at an end of the current supply line; a second dielectric body formed on the upper side of the first dielectric body over the radiative element and the current supply line; and a second grounding conductor body provided on the upper side of the second dielectric body, which has a slot at a position located directly above the radiative element; wherein the radiative elements and the slots of the plane antenna are arranged in a planar array with a constant interval in two orthogonal directions, where the constant interval has a value equal to 0.72 to 0.93 times a wavelength corresponding to a central frequency of a frequency band for waves to be
  • an array antenna formed by a plurality of plane antennas arranged in an array, each of the plane antennas being formed by a plurality of antenna units arranged in an array, each of the antenna units comprising: a first dielectric body; a first grounding conductor body provided on a lower side of the first dielectric body; a current supply line in a form of a strip line provided on an upper side of the first dielectric body; a patch shaped radiative element provided on the upper side of the first dielectric body at an end of the current supply line; a second dielectric body formed on the upper side of the first dielectric body over the radiative element and the current supply line; and a second grounding conductor body provided on the upper side of the second dielectric body, which has a slot at a position located directly above the radiative element; wherein the radiative elements and the slots of the plane antenna are arranged in a planar array with a constant interval in two orthogonal directions, where the constant interval has a value equal to 0.72 to
  • a first embodiment of a microstrip type plane antenna according to the present invention will be described in detail.
  • a microstrip type plane antenna 10 is formed from a plurality of antenna units arranged in an array, each of which comprises: a first dielectric body 2; a first grounding conductor body 1 provided on a lower side of the first dielectric body 2; a current supply line 5 in a form of a strip line provided on an upper side of the first dielectric body 2; a patch shaped radiative element 4 provided on the upper side of the first dielectric body 2 at an end of the current supply line 5; a second dielectric body 21 formed on the upper side of the first dielectric body 2 over the radiative element 4 and the current supply line 5; and a second grounding conductor body 11 provided on the upper side of the second dielectric body 21, which has a slot 3 at a position located directly above the radiative element 4.
  • the radiative elements 4 and the slots 3 are arranged in a planar array with a constant interval d in both of longitudinal and transverse directions, where a value of this interval d is set equal to 0.72 to 0.93 or more preferably 0.85 to 0.93 times a wavelength X o corresponding to a central frequency of a frequency band for the waves to be transmitted or received by this microstrip type plane antenna 10, for the following reason.
  • the present inventors conducted an experiment to determine a relationship between a relative slot pitch D/X o and the radiation gain for two cases shown in Figs. 4(A) and 4(B).
  • the radiative element 4 has one slot 3 located directly above it and another slot 31 located at a distance D from the slot 3 in a longitudinal or a transverse direction
  • the radiative element 4 has one slot 3 located directly above it and another slot 32 located at a distance D from the slot 3 in a diagonal direction.
  • phase of the waves radiated from the slot 31 or 32 and the phase of the waves radiated from the slot 3 are substantially aligned with each other only for the relative slot pitch D/X o within a range of 0.72 to 0.93, and that the gain is affected by the phase difference between these waves for the relative slot pitch D/X o outside of this range.
  • a case shown in Fig. 6 in which the radiative element 4 has one slot 3 located directly above it and eight other slots neighboring to this slot 3 in the longitudinal, transverse, and diagonal directions is considered, and a range of the relative slot pitch D/X o for which the gain can be greater than that obtained by a single slot and for which the antenna efficiency can be greater than 60% is evaluated to be a range of 0.85 to 0.93.
  • this range is selected as an appropriate one for the interval d between the slots 3 in the first embodiment shown in Figs. 3(A) and 3(B).
  • the radiative elements 4 and the slots 3 are arranged in an array with such an interval for which the phase of the waves radiated from one slot can be aligned with the phase of the waves radiated from adjacent slots, so that it becomes possible to realize a high antenna gain while retaining a feature to suppress the unnecessary radiation from the current supply lines for the sake of the antenna efficiency.
  • each slot 3 is selected to be a square having a length of each side equal to 0.48 to 0.65 times a wavelength X o corresponding to a central frequency of a frequency band for the waves to be transmitted or received by this microstrip type plane antenna 10, for the following reason.
  • the present inventors also conducted an experiment to determine a relationship of a relative slot size l/ ⁇ with respect to the gain per antenna including 384 radiative elements which is indicated by an upper curve, or with respect to the gain per single radiative element which is indicated by a lower curve.
  • this range is selected as an appropriate one for the slot size of the slots 3 in the first embodiment shown in Figs. 3(A) and 3(B).
  • the antenna efficiency in this first embodiment can be further improved by adopting the slot size within this range.
  • each slot 3 may be selected to be a circular disk having a diameter equal to 0.48 to 0.65 times a wavelength X o corresponding to a central frequency of a frequency band for the waves to be transmitted or received by this microstrip type plane antenna 10, instead of the square shape as described above and depicted in the drawings.
  • each radiative element 4 in this first embodiment can be selected from various shapes shown in Figs. 8(A) to 8(F).
  • the patch shaped radiative element of a square shape as shown in Fig. 8(A) or of a circular disk shape as shown in Fig, 8(B) may be employed.
  • the two-point current supply type radiative element of a square shape as shown in Fig. 8(C) or of a circular disk shape as shown in Fig, 8(D), to which two current supply lines with 90° phase difference are attached may be employed.
  • the one-point current supply type radiative element incorporating a so called perturbation in which a ratio with respect to the longitudinal and transverse directions is altered such as those shown in Fig. 8(E) and Fig. 8(F) may be employed instead.
  • microstrip type plane antenna 10 of this first embodiment has been actually constructed as follows.
  • the first grounding conductor body 1 is formed from an aluminum plate of 140 mm x 140 mm size and 3 mm thickness.
  • the first dielectric body 2 is formed from a polyethylene foam of 2 mm thickness having the relative dielectric constant approximately equal to 1.1 which is covered on its upper side by a substrate formed by a copper foil attached to a polyethylene film of 25 ⁇ m thickness, where the antenna circuit including the radiative elements 4 and the current supply lines 5 are formed on this substrate by etching off the unnecessary parts of the copper foil from the substrate.
  • the second dielectric body 21 is formed from a polyethylene foam of 2 mm thickness having the relative dielectric constant approximately equal to 1.1, and the second grounding conductor body 11 is formed from an aluminum plate of 0.5 mm thickness, on which the slots 3 are formed at positions located directly above the radiative elements 4.
  • the measured antenna gain of this microstrip type plane antenna was 19.5 dB, according to which the gain per single radiative element has been improved by approximately 3 dB compared with a case of the radiative element having only one slot directly above it.
  • Figs. 3(A) and 3(B) just described above are arranged in a square array as shown in Fig. 9, with a current supply point located at a center of the square array to form an array antenna.
  • the measured antenna gain of this array antenna was 33.2 dB, according to which the gain per single radiative element has been improved by approximately 3.3 dB compared with a case of the radiative element having only one slot directly above it.
  • each slot 3 is selected to be a circular disk having a diameter equal to 0.51 times the aforementioned wavelength X o was also constructed, and the result similar to that obtained by the configuration of Figs. 3(A) and 3(B) were also obtained.
  • FIG. 10(A) and 10(B) a second embodiment of a microstrip type plane antenna according to the present invention will be described in detail.
  • a microstrip type plane antenna is formed from a plurality of antenna units arranged in an array, each of which comprises: a first dielectric body 2; a first grounding conductor body 1 provided on a lower side of the first dielectric body 2; a current supply line 5 in a form of a strip line provided on an upper side of the first dielectric body 2; a patch shaped radiative element 4 provided on the upper side of the first dielectric body 2 at an end of the current supply line 5; a second dielectric body 21 formed on the upper side of the first dielectric body 2 over the radiative element 4 and the current supply line 5; a second grounding conductor body 11 provided on the upper side of the second dielectric body 21, which has a slot 3 at a position located directly above the radiative element 4; a third dielectric body 22 formed on the upper side of the second grounding conductor body 11; and a passive element 6 provided on the upper side of the third dielectric body 22 at a position directly
  • the radiative elements 4 and the slots 3 are arranged in a planar array with a constant interval d in both of longitudinal and transverse directions, where a value of this interval d is set equal to 0.72 to 0.93 or more preferably 0.85 to 0.93 times a wavelength X o corresponding to a central frequency of a frequency band for the waves to be transmitted or received by this microstrip type plane antenna, as in the first embodiment described above.
  • each slot 3 is selected to be a square having a length of each side equal to 0.48 to 0.65 times a wavelength X o corresponding to a central frequency of a frequency band for the waves to be transmitted or received by this microstrip type plane antenna 10, as in the first embodiment described above.
  • the additional feature of the passive element 6 in this second embodiment has the following effect.
  • the present inventors conducted an experiment to determine a relationship of a relative slot size l/ ⁇ and the gain for a case using the passive element 6 and a case not using the passive element 6.
  • each passive element 6 in this second embodiment can be selected to be any shape used for the usual radiative element, such as a square shape or a circular disk shape.
  • microstrip type plane antenna of this second embodiment has been actually constructed as follows.
  • the third dielectric body 22 is formed from a polyethylene foam of 2 mm thickness having the relative dielectric constant approximately equal to 1.1 which is covered on its upper side by a substrate formed by a copper foil attached to a polyethylene film of 25 /1.m thickness, where the passive element 6 is formed on this substrate by etching off the unnecessary parts of the copper foil from the substrate at a position located directly above the slot 3 and the radiative element 4.
  • the antenna efficiency in of the microstrip type plane antenna can be further improved by using the additional passive element.
  • the radiative elements 4 in the above described embodiments may be arranged in units of pairs, as shown in Fig. 12. Namely, one radiative element 4a and another ad- lacent radiative element 4b may be arranged such that the radiative element 4a is rotated by 90 with respect to the radiative element 4b, and the radiative element 4a is connected to the common single current supply line 5 a branch 5a while the radiative element 4b is connected to the common single current supply line 5 through another branch 5b which is longer than the branch 5a such that the phases from the radiative elements 4a and 4b can be matched at the common single current supply line 5.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP91112254A 1990-07-25 1991-07-22 Ebene Antenne mit hohem Gewinn und grossem Wirkungsgrad Expired - Lifetime EP0468413B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP196903/90 1990-07-25
JP2196903A JP2846081B2 (ja) 1990-07-25 1990-07-25 トリプレート型平面アンテナ

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0468413A2 true EP0468413A2 (de) 1992-01-29
EP0468413A3 EP0468413A3 (en) 1992-08-12
EP0468413B1 EP0468413B1 (de) 1996-03-20

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91112254A Expired - Lifetime EP0468413B1 (de) 1990-07-25 1991-07-22 Ebene Antenne mit hohem Gewinn und grossem Wirkungsgrad

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0468413B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2846081B2 (de)
KR (3) KR100313264B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69118037T2 (de)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1018778A1 (de) * 1998-12-23 2000-07-12 Hughes Electronics Corporation Mehrschichtige Streifenleiterantenne
US6295295B1 (en) 1995-11-27 2001-09-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Scheduler for an information packet switch
WO2003003507A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Phased array antenna
WO2004070878A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-19 Ems Technologies, Inc. Low-cost antenna array
US6947008B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2005-09-20 Ems Technologies, Inc. Conformable layered antenna array
US7345632B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2008-03-18 Nortel Networks Limited Multibeam planar antenna structure and method of fabrication
EP2015396A3 (de) * 2004-02-11 2009-07-29 Sony Deutschland GmbH Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne
US20190123448A1 (en) * 2017-05-02 2019-04-25 Rogers Corporation Electromagnetic reflector for use in a dielectric resonator antenna system
CN111883938A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-03 广州程星通信科技有限公司 一种单馈点阵列组合相控阵天线
US10892556B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2021-01-12 Rogers Corporation Broadband multiple layer dielectric resonator antenna
US10892544B2 (en) 2018-01-15 2021-01-12 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna having first and second dielectric portions
US11031697B2 (en) 2018-11-29 2021-06-08 Rogers Corporation Electromagnetic device
US11108159B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2021-08-31 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna system
US11283189B2 (en) 2017-05-02 2022-03-22 Rogers Corporation Connected dielectric resonator antenna array and method of making the same
US11367959B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2022-06-21 Rogers Corporation Broadband multiple layer dielectric resonator antenna and method of making the same
US11367960B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2022-06-21 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna and method of making the same
US11482790B2 (en) 2020-04-08 2022-10-25 Rogers Corporation Dielectric lens and electromagnetic device with same
US11616302B2 (en) 2018-01-15 2023-03-28 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna having first and second dielectric portions
US11637377B2 (en) 2018-12-04 2023-04-25 Rogers Corporation Dielectric electromagnetic structure and method of making the same

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EP2190066A3 (de) 2005-03-16 2010-06-09 Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd. Planarantennenmodul, planare Triplate-Gruppenantenne und Wellenleiterwandler mit Triplate-Einspeisung
JP4562611B2 (ja) * 2005-07-29 2010-10-13 日本無線株式会社 円偏波パッチアンテナ及び円偏波アレイアンテナ
KR101589872B1 (ko) 2015-04-21 2016-02-01 주식회사 아이두잇 평판 안테나 및 상기 평판 안테나를 포함하는 위성 신호 전송 시스템

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4761654A (en) * 1985-06-25 1988-08-02 Communications Satellite Corporation Electromagnetically coupled microstrip antennas having feeding patches capacitively coupled to feedlines
JPS6365703A (ja) * 1986-09-05 1988-03-24 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 平面アンテナ
JPS63199503A (ja) * 1987-02-13 1988-08-18 Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> マイクロストリツプアンテナ
JP2785825B2 (ja) * 1987-07-30 1998-08-13 ソニー株式会社 平面アンテナ
KR920002227B1 (ko) * 1988-05-13 1992-03-20 야기 안테나 가부시끼가이샤 마이크로스트립 어레이 안테나
JPH01198806A (ja) * 1988-06-06 1989-08-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 平面アンテナ
JPH02168703A (ja) * 1988-09-02 1990-06-28 Toshiba Corp 平面アンテナ及びその製造方法
JP2898659B2 (ja) * 1989-08-25 1999-06-02 日立化成工業株式会社 スロット板付マイクロストリップパッチアンテナ

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6295295B1 (en) 1995-11-27 2001-09-25 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson Scheduler for an information packet switch
EP1018778A1 (de) * 1998-12-23 2000-07-12 Hughes Electronics Corporation Mehrschichtige Streifenleiterantenne
WO2003003507A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-09 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Phased array antenna
US7158081B2 (en) 2001-06-28 2007-01-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Phased array antenna
WO2004070878A1 (en) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-19 Ems Technologies, Inc. Low-cost antenna array
US6947008B2 (en) 2003-01-31 2005-09-20 Ems Technologies, Inc. Conformable layered antenna array
US7345632B2 (en) 2003-02-12 2008-03-18 Nortel Networks Limited Multibeam planar antenna structure and method of fabrication
EP2015396A3 (de) * 2004-02-11 2009-07-29 Sony Deutschland GmbH Zirkular polarisierte Gruppenantenne
US10892556B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2021-01-12 Rogers Corporation Broadband multiple layer dielectric resonator antenna
US11367959B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2022-06-21 Rogers Corporation Broadband multiple layer dielectric resonator antenna and method of making the same
US11367960B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2022-06-21 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna and method of making the same
US20190123448A1 (en) * 2017-05-02 2019-04-25 Rogers Corporation Electromagnetic reflector for use in a dielectric resonator antenna system
US11283189B2 (en) 2017-05-02 2022-03-22 Rogers Corporation Connected dielectric resonator antenna array and method of making the same
US12206174B2 (en) 2017-05-02 2025-01-21 Rogers Corporation Connected dielectric resonator antenna array and method of making the same
US11876295B2 (en) * 2017-05-02 2024-01-16 Rogers Corporation Electromagnetic reflector for use in a dielectric resonator antenna system
US11108159B2 (en) 2017-06-07 2021-08-31 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna system
US10892544B2 (en) 2018-01-15 2021-01-12 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna having first and second dielectric portions
US11616302B2 (en) 2018-01-15 2023-03-28 Rogers Corporation Dielectric resonator antenna having first and second dielectric portions
US11031697B2 (en) 2018-11-29 2021-06-08 Rogers Corporation Electromagnetic device
US11637377B2 (en) 2018-12-04 2023-04-25 Rogers Corporation Dielectric electromagnetic structure and method of making the same
US11482790B2 (en) 2020-04-08 2022-10-25 Rogers Corporation Dielectric lens and electromagnetic device with same
CN111883938A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-11-03 广州程星通信科技有限公司 一种单馈点阵列组合相控阵天线
CN111883938B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2022-06-14 广州程星通信科技有限公司 一种单馈点阵列组合相控阵天线

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0482405A (ja) 1992-03-16
KR930010834B1 (ko) 1993-11-12
KR950003960B1 (ko) 1995-04-21
EP0468413A3 (en) 1992-08-12
KR100313264B1 (ko) 2001-12-28
DE69118037D1 (de) 1996-04-25
DE69118037T2 (de) 1996-08-01
KR920003578A (ko) 1992-02-29
JP2846081B2 (ja) 1999-01-13
EP0468413B1 (de) 1996-03-20

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