EP0469127B1 - Respirateur a usage medical et methode de l'usage - Google Patents

Respirateur a usage medical et methode de l'usage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0469127B1
EP0469127B1 EP91904832A EP91904832A EP0469127B1 EP 0469127 B1 EP0469127 B1 EP 0469127B1 EP 91904832 A EP91904832 A EP 91904832A EP 91904832 A EP91904832 A EP 91904832A EP 0469127 B1 EP0469127 B1 EP 0469127B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ventilator
patient
pressure
respiration
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91904832A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0469127A1 (fr
Inventor
Basil Martin Wright
John Albert Baker
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Individual
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
    • A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
    • A61M2016/0021—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter

Definitions

  • This invention concerns medical ventilators and more particularly such ventilators for neonates.
  • Neonates are normally ventilated from the stem of a so-called T-piece of tubing to the top of which an air-oxygen or other appropriate gas mixture is applied at a steady rate.
  • the mixture is exhausted by way of an expiratory valve which maintains a constant pressure in the system, and ventilation as such is effected by intermittent closure of the valve at a predetermined frequency unrelated to the neonate's own respiratory efforts.
  • These efforts produce small, approximately sinusoidal pressure waves within the ventilator system which have seemed to offer a basis for triggering the ventilator to synchronise it with the neonate's respiration.
  • several attempts to achieve such synchronisation in a manner suited to routine clinical usage proved unsuccessful because of the small size of the pressure waves and the limitations of technology at that time. More recently, further attempts using modern transducers and electronics have proved practicable.
  • APT airway pressure triggered
  • An object of the present invention is to reduce these limitations.
  • neonatal ventilation of airway pressure triggered form be operated substantially in synchronism with the zero-crossing point in the negative-going portion of each airway pressure cycle to coincide with the onset of natural inspriation.
  • the pressure wave of Figure 1 is shown as a sinusoidal variation with positive and negative peaks respectively denoted A and B.
  • Prior attempts to effect APT neonatal ventilation have assumed this wave to represent respiration, with inspiration and expiration respectively occurring in the half cycles from A to B and B to A. Accordingly ventilation was triggered at A to coincide with the onset of inspiration.
  • respiration is now found to be 90° out of phase in a delayed sense with inspiration occurring in the half cycle from C to D. Ventilation should therefore be triggered at point C in the detected wave of Figure 1.
  • the ventilator of Figure 2 is largely as proposed before and includes a T-piece 10 across the top of which gas mixture 11 is applied at a steady rate to exhaust by way of an expiratory valve 12 operable to maintain a constant pressure in the piece 10. Ventilation to a neonate is effected by way of the stem, as Indicated at 13, intermittently in synchronism with the neonates' respiration efforts. These efforts are detected by a pressure transducer 14 which provides an output represented by Figure 1, this output is applied to a trigger circuit 15 to provide a trigger signal, and this last signal is applied in turn to a means 16 operable to close the valve 12 for a period appropriate to ventilation.
  • the trigger circuit is augmented by some means whereby the trigger signal is provided substantially to coincide with point C on the output from transducer 14.
  • this means preferably involves a form of zero-crossing detection technique, the datum level for which represents the constant pressure which the expiratory valve acts to maintain in the system.
  • this means preferably involves a form of zero-crossing detection technique, the datum level for which represents the constant pressure which the expiratory valve acts to maintain in the system.
  • other forms of means can be used.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
  • Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Respirateur néonatal du type qui est actionné par la pression du conduit aérien, pouvant fonctionner de manière sensiblement synchrone avec le point de croisement zéro (C) dans la partie à écoulement négatif de chaque cycle de pression de conduit aérien afin qu'il coïncide avec le début de l'inspiration naturelle.

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé d'utilisation d'un ventilateur du type déclenché par pression de passage d'air, caractérisé en ce qu'il est rendu actionnable pour des nouveaux-nés sensiblement en synchronisme avec le point de passage par zéro (C) de la partie à lancée négative (A-B) de chaque cycle de pression de passage d'air.
  2. Procédé d'utilisation d'un ventilateur comportant un conduit (10) en forme générale de T possédant une branche transversale pour la réception de gaz de respiration pressurisé à l'une de ses extrémités et une jambe (13) orthogonale à ladite branche pour une application dudit gaz à un malade, une soupape d'expiration (12) à l'autre extrémité de ladite branche transversale, soupape qui est actionnable pour maintenir une pression de gaz constante dans ledit conduit, un transducteur de pression (14) relié à ladite jambe pour détecter, durant l'utilisation dudit ventilateur, des variations de pression du passage d'air à l'intérieur dûes à la respiration naturelle dudit malade, et des moyens (15, 16) sensibles audit transducteur de pression pour fermer ladite soupape d'expiration sensiblement en synchronisme avec un point particulier de chaque cycle de ladite respiration naturelle, caractérisé en ce que ledit ventilateur est rendu actionnable pour ledit malade nouveau-né avec ledit point en tant que passage par zéro (C) dans la partie à lancée négative (A-B) dudit cycle.
  3. Ventilateur comportant un conduit (10) en forme générale de T possédant une branche transversale pour la réception du gaz de respiration pressurisé à l'une de ses extrémités et une jambe (13) s'étendant orthogonalement à celle-ci pour l'application dudit gaz à un malade, une soupape d'expiration (12) à l'autre extrémité de ladite branche transversale, ladite soupape étant actionnable pour maintenir une pression de gaz constante dans ledit conduit, un transducteur de pression (14) relié à ladite jambe pour détecter, durant une utilisation dudit ventilateur, des variations de pression de passage d'air à l'intérieur dûes à la respiration naturelle dudit malade, et des moyens (15, 16) sensibles audit transducteur de pression pour fermer ladite soupape d'expiration sensiblement en synchronisme avec un point particulier dans chaque cycle de ladite respiration naturelle, caractérisé en ce que ladite jambe est conçue pour une application audit malade en tant que nouveau-ne et lesdits moyens de fermeture de la soupape comprennent un détecteur de passage par zéro pour lequel le niveau de données représente ladite pression de gaz constante.
EP91904832A 1990-02-19 1991-02-19 Respirateur a usage medical et methode de l'usage Expired - Lifetime EP0469127B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB909003708A GB9003708D0 (en) 1990-02-19 1990-02-19 Medical ventilators
GB9003708 1990-02-19
PCT/GB1991/000248 WO1991012042A1 (fr) 1990-02-19 1991-02-19 Respirateur a usage medical

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0469127A1 EP0469127A1 (fr) 1992-02-05
EP0469127B1 true EP0469127B1 (fr) 1995-05-10

Family

ID=10671240

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91904832A Expired - Lifetime EP0469127B1 (fr) 1990-02-19 1991-02-19 Respirateur a usage medical et methode de l'usage

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0469127B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04505413A (fr)
DE (1) DE69109565T2 (fr)
GB (2) GB9003708D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991012042A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111481785A (zh) * 2020-05-07 2020-08-04 孙志华 一种恒流式低无效腔呼吸机

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2483785A1 (fr) * 1980-06-10 1981-12-11 Air Liquide Respirateur a correction automatique de ventilation
EP0074943B1 (fr) * 1981-03-26 1986-06-18 Vas-Es Müszeripari Szövetkezet Dispositif respiratoire utilise en particulier dans la medecine perinatale
JPS6099268A (ja) * 1983-11-04 1985-06-03 シャープ株式会社 コンスタントフロ−制御方式
US4838257A (en) * 1987-07-17 1989-06-13 Hatch Guy M Ventilator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2240931B (en) 1993-10-20
GB2240931A (en) 1991-08-21
DE69109565D1 (de) 1995-06-14
WO1991012042A1 (fr) 1991-08-22
GB9103427D0 (en) 1991-04-03
EP0469127A1 (fr) 1992-02-05
DE69109565T2 (de) 1995-10-05
GB9003708D0 (en) 1990-04-18
JPH04505413A (ja) 1992-09-24

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