EP0473473A1 - Heated windscreen - Google Patents
Heated windscreen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0473473A1 EP0473473A1 EP91402074A EP91402074A EP0473473A1 EP 0473473 A1 EP0473473 A1 EP 0473473A1 EP 91402074 A EP91402074 A EP 91402074A EP 91402074 A EP91402074 A EP 91402074A EP 0473473 A1 EP0473473 A1 EP 0473473A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pellets
- strips
- windows
- collector
- silver content
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010603 pastilles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a screen-printed electrical network for heated glazing, in particular for a rear window of a motor vehicle. More specifically, the invention relates to a glazing unit fitted with all of its conductive strips, that is to say strips forming strictly speaking the heating network and collector strips intended to be connected by welding to the supplied current leads. by the vehicle's current source.
- the first heated glazings thus produced included very conductive resistance bands, of a particularly high metallic silver content, with a view to a high heating capacity; therefore, the electrical power dissipated by the heating network was also very high.
- high dissipated powers are not well suited to small-displacement motor vehicles whose electrical reserve power is relatively low. This is all the more so since motor vehicles are today fitted with a whole series of electrical equipment which means that the maximum power capable of being dissipated at a given time is often less than the theoretical capacity required for simultaneous operation of all electrical equipment in the vehicle. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for heating glazing dissipating lower powers which - unless reducing the size of the heating circuit - requires the use of electrically conductive compositions having relatively lower silver contents. Concretely, while in recent years the heating networks were made from pasta with a silver content of around 75% or more, the market today is moving towards products made with pasta with a silver content is at least 71%.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a more satisfactory solution to this technical problem of connection to the vehicle power source of screen-printed networks with low silver content.
- a heating glazing comprising a glass sheet provided on one of its faces with resistance bands formed of an electrically conductive composition resulting from the baking of a suspension in an organic binder of metallic silver and a low-melting frit and collector strips formed of the same electroconductive composition, windows according to the invention being closed by pellets made of an electroconductive composition having a higher silver content than that of the composition forming the resistance bands and the collector bands and having a dimension slightly greater than that of the windows so as to form overlap zones, the current supply terminals being welded to said pellets.
- the glazing according to the invention is thus presented with collecting strips with "holes” and pellets the silver content of which is most adequate for perfect welding of the current supply terminals.
- the window in the collecting strip allows the pellet to be directly in contact with the substrate and not superimposed as before.
- the substrate here is either glass or an enamelled layer previously deposited on the glass and serving for example to mask the glue used during the installation of the glazing. In all cases, the connection between the substrate and the pellet is ensured by the frit so that there is no risk of the pellets peeling off.
- Such glazing can for example be obtained simply by modifying the screen screen used for the deposition of the heating network so as to provide windows which are subsequently covered by the deposited pellets, either by a new screen pass or simply with a brush.
- the silver content of the composition forming the bands of the heating network is less than or equal to 71%, while for the pellets a silver content greater than 75% or even 80% is provided, which is very favorable. weld quality, the small size of the pellets allowing the use of rich pastes without resulting in a significant increase in the cost of glazing.
- An important point of the invention is, as indicated above, the direct bonding on the substrate of the patch, so that the overlap zones between the pellets and the collector strips are fixed over time relative to the surface of the sheet of film. glass. It can certainly happen as with glazing according to the art that the pellet made of a paste with a high silver content does not adhere correctly to the collecting strip at the level of the overlap zone, but the pellet being anchored to the substrate. overlap area is always well presented, so that generally conduction is ensured by the simple fact of the close proximity of the two layers.
- the pellet is placed under the collecting strip at the level of the overlap zone.
- the collector strip has its low silver content offset by a higher frit content. During baking, the collector strip will therefore diffuse very easily towards the glass of which it is very close due to its composition. On the other hand, this diffusion is less for the pastille depleted in frit. Tests have shown that a paste with a silver content of 75% thus diffuses half as much as a paste with a content of 71%. Under these conditions, if the collecting strip covers the patch, its tendency to diffusing towards the glass will lead to the formation of an interpenetration layer having an average silver content, which guarantees perfect conduction, while leaving the pellet available for soldering current leads.
- the frame used has windows of adequate size in places already provided with a pad.
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention concerne un réseau électrique sérigraphié pour un vitrage chauffant, notamment pour une lunette arrière d'un véhicule automobile. Plus précisément, l'invention concerne un vitrage muni de l'ensemble de ses bandes conductrices, c'est-à-dire des bandes formant à proprement dit le réseau chauffant et des bandes collectrices destinées à être reliées par soudure aux amenées de courant alimentées par la source de courant du véhicule.The invention relates to a screen-printed electrical network for heated glazing, in particular for a rear window of a motor vehicle. More specifically, the invention relates to a glazing unit fitted with all of its conductive strips, that is to say strips forming strictly speaking the heating network and collector strips intended to be connected by welding to the supplied current leads. by the vehicle's current source.
Pour réaliser un vitrage à réseau chauffant assurant les fonctions de dégivrage et de désembuage, il est connu par exemple du brevet FR-B-1 464 585 de procéder au dépôt sur la surface d'une feuille de verre d'une série d'étroites bandes de résistance d'une composition électroconductrice. Ces bandes de résistance sont sérigraphiées sur la feuille de verre avant son bombage, de sorte que la cuisson de la composition électroconductrice s'opère lors du chauffage précédant l'opération de bombage et/ou de trempe du vitrage. La composition électroconductrice est faite d'une suspension pâteuse, dans un liant organique, d'argent métallique et d'une fritte, c'est-à-dire d'un verre à bas point de fusion. Les bandes de résistance formant le réseau sont relativement fines pour ne pas gêner la visibilité au travers du vitrage et débouchent sur des bandes collectrices plus larges, situées près des bords du vitrage. Ces bandes collectrices sont faites d'une composition identique à celle des bandes de résistance et sont déposées de la même façon et de préférence en même temps que celles-ci. Les amenées de courant sont ensuite soudées sur ces bandes collectrices.To produce a glazing with a heating network ensuring the functions of defrosting and demisting, it is known for example from patent FR-B-1 464 585 to deposit on the surface of a glass sheet a series of narrow resistance bands of an electroconductive composition. These resistance bands are screen printed on the glass sheet before bending, so that the electrically conductive composition is baked during the heating preceding the bending and / or tempering operation of the glazing. The electroconductive composition is made of a pasty suspension, in an organic binder, of metallic silver and a frit, that is to say of a glass with low melting point. The resistance bands forming the network are relatively thin so as not to interfere with visibility through the glazing and lead to wider collecting strips, located near the edges of the glazing. These collector bands are made of a composition identical to that of the resistance bands and are deposited in the same way and preferably at the same time as the latter. Current leads are then welded to these collector strips.
Les premiers vitrages chauffants ainsi réalisés comportaient des bandes de résistance très conductrices, d'une teneur en argent métallique particulièrement élevée, en vue d'une capacité de chauffage élevée ; de ce fait, la puissance électrique dissipée par le réseau chauffant était elle-aussi très élevée. Mais de telles puissances dissipées élevées ne conviennent pas bien à des véhicules automobiles de petites cylindrées dont la puissance électrique de réserve est relativement faible. Ceci d'autant plus que les véhicules automobiles sont aujourd'hui munis de toute une série d'équipements électriques qui font que la puissance maximale susceptible d'être dissipée à un moment donné est souvent inférieure à la capacité théorique requise pour un fonctionnement simultané de tous les équipements électriques du véhicule. De ce fait, il existe une demande croissante de vitrages chauffants dissipant des puissances plus faibles ce qui - sauf à réduire la taille du circuit chauffant - impose l'emploi de compositions électroconductrices ayant des teneurs en argent relativement plus faibles. Concrètement, alors que ces dernières années les réseaux chauffants étaient fabriqués à partir de pâtes dont la teneur en argent étaient d'environ 75 % ou plus, le marché s'oriente aujourd'hui vers des produits faits avec des pâtes dont la teneur en argent est de 71 % au moins.The first heated glazings thus produced included very conductive resistance bands, of a particularly high metallic silver content, with a view to a high heating capacity; therefore, the electrical power dissipated by the heating network was also very high. However, such high dissipated powers are not well suited to small-displacement motor vehicles whose electrical reserve power is relatively low. This is all the more so since motor vehicles are today fitted with a whole series of electrical equipment which means that the maximum power capable of being dissipated at a given time is often less than the theoretical capacity required for simultaneous operation of all electrical equipment in the vehicle. Therefore, there is an increasing demand for heating glazing dissipating lower powers which - unless reducing the size of the heating circuit - requires the use of electrically conductive compositions having relatively lower silver contents. Concretely, while in recent years the heating networks were made from pasta with a silver content of around 75% or more, the market today is moving towards products made with pasta with a silver content is at least 71%.
En pratique, cette diminution de la teneur en argent pose un problème de compatibilité avec la brasure de la soudure, autrement dit la soudure tient mal. Pour remédier aux défauts de soudure, la pratique industrielle actuelle est de déposer aux endroits prévus pour la soudure une pastille faite d'une pâte à haute teneur en argent, ce second dépôt se faisant par exemple par sérigraphie ou au pinceau et couvrant une surface de l'ordre de 1-4 cm².In practice, this reduction in the silver content poses a problem of compatibility with the soldering of the solder, in other words the solder does not hold well. To remedy welding faults, current industrial practice is to deposit at the places provided for welding a pellet made of a paste with a high silver content, this second deposition being carried out for example by screen printing or with a brush and covering a surface of in the range of 1-4 cm².
Les auteurs de la présente invention ont toutefois observé que cette solution est loin de donner toujours satisfaction, des court-circuits se produisant assez fréquemment. En examinant les vitrages défectueux on ne constate aucun problème au niveau de la soudure. Par contre, il apparaît que la pastille elle-même n'adhère pas toujours de manière correcte à la bande collectrice. Ce phénomène était totalement inattendu étant donné la grande similitude entre les différentes compositions à base d'argent qui laissait prévoir une bonne liaison entre les deux couches. (la seule différence étant finalement le rapport argent-fritte). Par ailleurs, il doit être noté que ce phénomène outre son caractère imprévisible présentait le défaut de n'être guère facile à être observé étant donné la faible épaisseur des couches en cause.The authors of the present invention have however observed that this solution is far from always giving satisfaction, short-circuits occurring quite frequently. By examining the defective glazing, there is no problem with the weld. On the other hand, it appears that the pellet itself does not always adhere to correct way to the header strip. This phenomenon was completely unexpected given the great similarity between the different silver-based compositions which suggested a good bond between the two layers. (the only difference being ultimately the silver-sintered ratio). Furthermore, it should be noted that this phenomenon, apart from its unpredictable nature, had the drawback of being hardly easy to be observed given the thin thickness of the layers in question.
Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une solution plus satisfaisante à ce problème technique de la connexion à la source de courant du véhicule des réseaux sérigraphiés à faible teneur en argent.The object of the present invention is to provide a more satisfactory solution to this technical problem of connection to the vehicle power source of screen-printed networks with low silver content.
Ce problème est résolu selon l'invention par un vitrage chauffant comportant une feuille de verre munie sur une de ses faces de bandes de résistance formées d'une composition électroconductrice résultant de la cuisson d'une suspension dans un liant organique d'argent métallique et d'une fritte à bas point de fusion et de bandes collectrices formées de la même composition électroconductrice, des fenètres étant selon l'invention obturées par des pastilles faites d'une composition électroconductrice ayant une plus grande teneur en argent que celle de la composition formant les bandes de résistance et les bandes collectrices et ayant une dimension légèrement supérieure à celle des fenètres de manière à former des zones de recouvrement, les cosses d'amenée de courant étant soudées sur lesdites pastilles.This problem is solved according to the invention by a heating glazing comprising a glass sheet provided on one of its faces with resistance bands formed of an electrically conductive composition resulting from the baking of a suspension in an organic binder of metallic silver and a low-melting frit and collector strips formed of the same electroconductive composition, windows according to the invention being closed by pellets made of an electroconductive composition having a higher silver content than that of the composition forming the resistance bands and the collector bands and having a dimension slightly greater than that of the windows so as to form overlap zones, the current supply terminals being welded to said pellets.
Le vitrage selon l'invention se présente ainsi avec des bandes collectrices à "trous" et des pastilles dont la teneur en argent est la plus adéquate pour une parfaite soudure des cosses d'amenée de courant. La fenètre ménagée dans la bande collectrice permet à la pastille d'être directement en contact avec le substrat et non surajoutées comme précédemment. Le substrat est ici soit du verre soit une couche émaillée préalablement déposée sur le verre et servant par exemple à masquer la colle utilisée lors de la pose du vitrage. Dans tous les cas, la liaison entre le substrat et la pastille est assurée par la fritte de sorte qu'il n'y a aucun risque de voir les pastilles se décoller.The glazing according to the invention is thus presented with collecting strips with "holes" and pellets the silver content of which is most adequate for perfect welding of the current supply terminals. The window in the collecting strip allows the pellet to be directly in contact with the substrate and not superimposed as before. The substrate here is either glass or an enamelled layer previously deposited on the glass and serving for example to mask the glue used during the installation of the glazing. In all cases, the connection between the substrate and the pellet is ensured by the frit so that there is no risk of the pellets peeling off.
Un tel vitrage peut être par exemple obtenu simplement en modifiant la trame sérigraphique utilisée pour le dépôt du réseau chauffant de manière à ménager des fenètres qui sont ultérieurement recouvertes par les pastilles déposées, soit par un nouveau passage sérigraphique soit tout simplement au pinceau.Such glazing can for example be obtained simply by modifying the screen screen used for the deposition of the heating network so as to provide windows which are subsequently covered by the deposited pellets, either by a new screen pass or simply with a brush.
Dans un cas typique, la teneur en argent de la composition formant les bandes du réseau chauffant est inférieure ou égale à 71 %, alors que pour les pastilles on prévoit une teneur en argent supérieure à 75 % ou même 80 % ce qui est très favorable à la qualité de soudure, la petite taille des pastilles autorisant l'emploi de pâtes riches sans entraîner pour autant une augmentation significative du coût du vitrage.In a typical case, the silver content of the composition forming the bands of the heating network is less than or equal to 71%, while for the pellets a silver content greater than 75% or even 80% is provided, which is very favorable. weld quality, the small size of the pellets allowing the use of rich pastes without resulting in a significant increase in the cost of glazing.
Un point important de l'invention est comme indiqué précédemment la liaison directe sur le substrat de la pastille, de sorte que les zones de recouvrement entre les pastilles et les bandes collectrices sont fixes au cours du temps par rapport à la surface de la feuille de verre. Il peut certes arriver comme avec les vitrages selon l'art que la pastille faite d'une pâte à haute teneur en argent n'adhère pas correctement à la bande collectrice au niveau de la zone de recouvrement, mais la pastille étant ancrée au substrat la zone de recouvrement est toujours bien présentée, de sorte que généralement la conduction est assurée du simple fait de la grande proximité des deux couches.An important point of the invention is, as indicated above, the direct bonding on the substrate of the patch, so that the overlap zones between the pellets and the collector strips are fixed over time relative to the surface of the sheet of film. glass. It can certainly happen as with glazing according to the art that the pellet made of a paste with a high silver content does not adhere correctly to the collecting strip at the level of the overlap zone, but the pellet being anchored to the substrate. overlap area is always well presented, so that generally conduction is ensured by the simple fact of the close proximity of the two layers.
Dans une variante de l'invention plus particulièrement préférée, la pastille est placée sous la bande collectrice au niveau de la zone de recouvrement. En effet, la bande collectrice a sa faible teneur en argent compensé par une plus forte teneur en fritte. Lors de la cuisson, la bande collectrice va donc diffuser très facilement vers le verre dont elle est très proche de par sa composition. En revanche, cette diffusion est moindre pour la pastille appauvrie en fritte. Des essais ont montré qu'une pâte ayant une teneur en argent de 75 % diffuse ainsi deux fois moins qu'une pâte dont la teneur est de 71 %. Dans ces condictions, si la bande collectrice recouvre la pastille, sa tendance à diffuser vers le verre va entraîner la formation d'une couche d'interpénétration ayant une teneur en argent moyennée gage d'une parfaite conduction, tout en laissant la pastille disponible pour la soudre des amenées de courant.In a more particularly preferred variant of the invention, the pellet is placed under the collecting strip at the level of the overlap zone. Indeed, the collector strip has its low silver content offset by a higher frit content. During baking, the collector strip will therefore diffuse very easily towards the glass of which it is very close due to its composition. On the other hand, this diffusion is less for the pastille depleted in frit. Tests have shown that a paste with a silver content of 75% thus diffuses half as much as a paste with a content of 71%. Under these conditions, if the collecting strip covers the patch, its tendency to diffusing towards the glass will lead to the formation of an interpenetration layer having an average silver content, which guarantees perfect conduction, while leaving the pellet available for soldering current leads.
Dans ce dernier cas, il est de préférence nécessaire de procéder pour l'obtention du vitrage selon l'invention à une sérigraphie en deux temps avec dans une première étape le dépôt exclusivement des pastilles et dans une seconde étape le dépôt des bandes conductrices du réseau chauffant et des bandes collectrices, la trame utilisée comportant des fenètres de taille adéquate aux endroits déjà munis de pastille.In the latter case, it is preferably necessary to proceed in order to obtain the glazing according to the invention to a screen printing in two stages with in a first step the deposition exclusively of the pellets and in a second step the deposition of the conductive strips of the network heating and collector strips, the frame used has windows of adequate size in places already provided with a pad.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9009813A FR2665605B1 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1990-08-01 | HEATING GLAZING AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING THE SAME. |
| FR9009813 | 1990-08-01 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0473473A1 true EP0473473A1 (en) | 1992-03-04 |
| EP0473473B1 EP0473473B1 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
Family
ID=9399306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19910402074 Expired - Lifetime EP0473473B1 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1991-07-25 | Heated windscreen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0473473B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69108481T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2071255T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2665605B1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2519504A3 (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-07-08 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Connection for ribbon type heating element - uses welded connector between element and supply cables, using multilayer ribbon and bonding insulation to relieve cable stress |
| EP0217703A1 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-04-08 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage International | Electrically heated vehicle window |
| EP0281351B1 (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1991-07-03 | Pilkington Plc | Printing |
-
1990
- 1990-08-01 FR FR9009813A patent/FR2665605B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-07-25 DE DE1991608481 patent/DE69108481T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-07-25 EP EP19910402074 patent/EP0473473B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-07-25 ES ES91402074T patent/ES2071255T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2519504A3 (en) * | 1982-01-05 | 1983-07-08 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Connection for ribbon type heating element - uses welded connector between element and supply cables, using multilayer ribbon and bonding insulation to relieve cable stress |
| EP0217703A1 (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1987-04-08 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage International | Electrically heated vehicle window |
| EP0281351B1 (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1991-07-03 | Pilkington Plc | Printing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2071255T3 (en) | 1995-06-16 |
| FR2665605A1 (en) | 1992-02-07 |
| EP0473473B1 (en) | 1995-03-29 |
| FR2665605B1 (en) | 1992-10-30 |
| DE69108481T2 (en) | 1995-11-09 |
| DE69108481D1 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
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