EP0475207A1 - Charge modulaire de munition unitaire sans douile - Google Patents

Charge modulaire de munition unitaire sans douile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0475207A1
EP0475207A1 EP91114546A EP91114546A EP0475207A1 EP 0475207 A1 EP0475207 A1 EP 0475207A1 EP 91114546 A EP91114546 A EP 91114546A EP 91114546 A EP91114546 A EP 91114546A EP 0475207 A1 EP0475207 A1 EP 0475207A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
igniter
charge
module according
propellant
grains
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91114546A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0475207B1 (fr
Inventor
Antonio Gonzalez
Henry Hill Raines
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Olin Corp
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Olin Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Olin Corp filed Critical Olin Corp
Publication of EP0475207A1 publication Critical patent/EP0475207A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0475207B1 publication Critical patent/EP0475207B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/38—Separately-loaded propellant charges, e.g. cartridge bags
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/16—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile characterised by composition or physical dimensions or form of propellant charge, with or without projectile, or powder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/18—Caseless ammunition; Cartridges having combustible cases

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to ammunition and more particularly to a unitary charge module for separate ammunition used in large caliber artillery.
  • Large caliber gun ammunition (such as is used on naval ships) does not normally have a single, unitary cartridge but instead typically includes two separate components: (a) a projectile and (b) one or more separate bags or containers of propellant.
  • the projectile and the propellant containers are sequentially loaded into the breech of the gun either by hand or automatically.
  • the effective range of the projectile can be selected by the choice of how many bags or containers of propellant are loaded into the gun.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,282,813 discloses a unitary propellant charge formed in a cylindrical shape having a central bore along its axis for propagating a primer flash.
  • the charge contains a priming charge at one end and has an outer coating of a heat shrinkable polyester film such as mylar. This unitary charge is not designed for use where multiple charges are employed.
  • U.S. Patents 4,702,167 and 4,864,932 also disclose a unitary propellant charge having a cylindrical shape with a central bore therethrough.
  • the charge composed of black powder, surrounds a tubular igniter or a stack of self centering rings made of extruded porous nitrocellulose or an admixture of nitrocellulose and a known primer charge such as boron/potassium nitrate powder.
  • the main charge of black powder is contained in an annular envelope which uses the igniter as the inner wall. This arrangement permits stacking without alignment problems and allows variation of the total propellant quantity by loading multiple charges in a gun.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,922,823 discloses an igniter charge for a unitary propellant charge module such as is disclosed in the last described patents in which the igniter is made of a composite of an inner igniter tube and an outer support tube. Both tubes are made of extruded propellant powders and may be separately pressed in a mold to form the tubes. The igniter and support tubes are then adhesively bonded together. Alternatively the two tubes may be coextruded together. The igniter charge is then assembled into an annular main charge container.
  • the present invention comprises a propellant charge module for use in separate ammunition which is primarily a solid body of compacted spheroidal or oblate spheroidal propellant grains pressed together so that the grains adhere to one another to form one solid porous body, each of said grains having an uncompacted propellant grain diameter of at least 100 mils.
  • the uncompacted grain size is preferably within a range of between about 120 to about 160 mils.
  • a preferred compacted spheroidal propellant for use in the main charge of the present invention is available from Olin Corporation under the trademark BALL POWDER®, number WC950.
  • the unitary charge module has a generally right circular cylindrical shape and has an open central axial bore through the module. This bore channels the conventional priming flash from the separate primer.
  • a solid compacted igniter charge having a tubular shape is disposed in the central bore.
  • the igniter charge is an annular right circular cylinder also of compacted spherical propellant grains which lines the central bore through the charge module.
  • each of the grains has an uncompacted grain diameter of between about 20 to about 100 mils in diameter and preferably between about 40 to about 70 mills in diameter.
  • a suitable spherical propellant for the igniter is BALL POWDER® model No. WC 615, also available from Olin Corporation.
  • the propellant actually used should be specifically tailored to the specific application on a case by case basis to optimize ignition.
  • the igniter charge propagates the ignition flame front axially at a greater speed than the radial burn rate of the charge so that the entire charge burns symmetrically radially outwardly eliminating major pressure oscillations during ignition of the main propellant charge.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view through a first embodiment of the unitary charge module in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the module shown in Figure 1 taken on the line 2-2.
  • Figure 3 is a side partial sectional view of an alternative embodiment of a center core igniter for use in the unitary charge module in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side sectional view of a second embodiment of the unitary charge module in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a side sectional view of a third alternative embodiment of the unitary charge module in accordance with the invention.
  • a first embodiment of the unitary charge module 10 of the invention has a cylindrical annular main charge body 12 with a center core igniter 13 contained within a two piece combustible case 14 having a top member 16 and a bottom member 18 so shaped so that the top member slides into bottom member 18 to enclose the main charge body 12.
  • the center core igniter 13 forms an inner wall lining a central bore 22 through the main charge 12.
  • the unitary charge module 10 in accordance with the invention is axially and radially symmetrical about its longitudinal axis A so that one or more of the modules may be inserted into the breech of a gun with either end first.
  • This symmetry permits simple, fast handling procedures and eliminates the consequences of misorientation.
  • This symmetry also simplifies multiple charge loading to vary the range of the projectile fired from the gun as well as increased firing rates and reduced barrel wear as will be subsequently described.
  • the main charge 12 is a compacted body of rolled or unrolled spheroidal propellant powder, preferably BALL POWDER® model No. WC950.
  • the powder has an unrolled grain size of at least 100 mils in diameter and is preferably compacted after being softened on the grain surface by soaking the uncompacted grains in a solvent such as butyl acetate sufficient to make the surface of the grains tacky. The grains are then compacted to form the main charge body.
  • the main charge 12 is thus a porous body made of interconnected spheroids of propellant.
  • the interconnected grains may also be made by coating the propellant grains with a surface adhesive prior to compaction thus eliminating the need for a solvent.
  • the grains are preferably between about 120 and 160 mils in diameter.
  • 150 mil grains are preferably compacted to form the unitary charge module intended to be used in the Ml99 cannon, a 155mm howitzer.
  • Spheroidal propellants such as BALL POWDER® propellant result in much lower gun gas temperatures than comparable conventional propellants such as JA2 and M3lAlEl.
  • M3lAlEl powder presently used in the 155mm howitzer, has a flame temperature of about 2700° Kelvin.
  • the BALL POWDER® propellant of the invention having a 150 mil grain size also has an average flame temperature of about 2700° Kelvin.
  • the BALL POWDER® propellant has a burn rate deterrent outer layer. This deterrent layer results in much lower mean gun gas temperatures and lower chamber pressures.
  • the predicted mean gun gas temperature using compacted BALL POWDER® propellant is less than 2000° Kelvin.
  • M3lAlEl propellant use yields temperatures well in excess of 2000° Kelvin, peaking at about 2600° Kelvin.
  • the top and bottom container members 16 and 18 are formed from conventional combustible case materials such as cellulose fibers impregnated with nitrocellulose and a resin binder.
  • the members may be overlapping as shown in Figure 1 or may be butt joined. In the latter case they would by joined with a suitable combustible adhesive. These members provide moisture protection and abrasion protection during handling and field storage of the unitary charge module.
  • the center core igniter 13 is a tubular solid body 20 also formed of compressed spheroidal or oblate spheroidal propellant powder having an unrolled grain size of between about 20 to less than about 100 mils and more preferably between about 40 to about 70 mils.
  • the tubular body 20 is thus a porous body made of interconnected spheroids of propellant.
  • the propellant in the center core igniter 13 preferably is an undeterred spherical propellant so that the primer flash is propagated almost instantaneously along the igniter length.
  • the tubular body 20 may be adhesively or frictionally fit within the bore 22 through the main charge 12.
  • a central passage 23 through the center core igniter body 20 directs passage of the primer flame front (not shown) upon ignition. This passage may be clear or may be used to contain strands of ignition materials such as benite.
  • the solid igniter body 20 is formed in the same manner as the main charge body 12 by the addition of a solventless binder (adhesive) or a solvent such as butyl acetate to the uncompressed grains. In either case, the coated grains become tacky. They are then compressed to form the solid igniter body 20 and the excess solvent is removed.
  • a solventless binder adheresive
  • a solvent such as butyl acetate a solvent such as butyl acetate
  • the container members 16 and 18 are not structurally required for the unitary charge module in accordance with the invention.
  • the main charge 12 is a solid body which is self supporting.
  • the compressed BALL POWDER® propellant of the main charge 12 retains its granular character however, and, upon ignition, deflagrates as a loose powder.
  • a second embodiment of the unitary charge module of the invention may simply comprise a main charge 12 containing a center core igniter 13 without the casing 14.
  • abrasion and moisture protection may be provided by a thin coating 30 of mylar, lacquer, rubber, a polyurethane system, or other combustible material applied after the compressed body is formed and the excess solvent removed.
  • the coating if applied as a liquid, dries to form a protective film on the exterior of the main charge.
  • a similar protective coating 32 may be applied to the inside and or outside surface of the center core igniter 13 prior to its installation into the bore 22 in the main charge 12.
  • This coating 32 may also include burn rate modifiers to tailor the overall burn rate to a specific gun's requirements.
  • the igniter 24 includes a sleeve 26 of combustible case material around the tubular body 20 of the igniter.
  • the sleeve has a plurality of apertures 28 along its length to direct the ignition flame into the main charge.
  • a plurality of benite strands 29 are centrally disposed in the central bore 23 through the tubular body 20.
  • the tubular body 20 of both the center core igniters 13 and 24 and the main charge 12 are formed by the same general process.
  • the rolled (oblate spheroidal) or unrolled (spheroidal) propellant grains are coated with a nitrocellulose solvent such as butyl acetate.
  • a nitrocellulose solvent such as butyl acetate.
  • Butyl acetate has been found to be the preferred solvent.
  • other similar solvents may be used such as ethyl acetate or acetone.
  • the solvent diffuses into the surface of the grains.
  • the grains can then be conditioned at a temperature of between about 35° to 50° Fahrenheit to prevent excessive solvent migration.
  • the propellant grains are then reconditioned to about 70°F and compressed in a mold to form the cylindrical shape of the main charge 12 or the center core igniter body 20. Finally, the excess solvent is then driven off.
  • the module 40 is a right circular cylindrical main charge body 42 made of compacted BALL POWDER® propellant.
  • the body 42 has a central through bore 44 along its longitudinal axis.
  • This through bore 44 has a constricted central portion 46 between two opposite end portions 48 and 50.
  • the end portions 48 and 50 each have a greater radius than the central portion 46 to accomodate an igniter support tube 52 and an igniter ring 54 at the outer ends of the bore 44.
  • the igniter support tubes 52 and the igniter rings 54 have outer diameters sized to snugly fit into the end portions 48 and 50 of the through bore 44 and have inner diameters preferably matching the diameter of the constricted central portion 46 of the main charge body 42.
  • the main charge body 42 is encased preferably by a moisture proof outer composite casing 56 made of combustible fibers.
  • the central bore 44 is similarly lined with an inner channel casing 58.
  • the casing 56 and liner 58 provide moisture and abrasion protection during module handling.
  • the casing and liner may also be applied as a liquid or shrink-wrap coating and thus may be very thin and light weight.
  • the main charge is formed as above described in the previous embodiments and also preferably utilizes BALL POWDER® propellant grains having an unrolled grain size of about 150 mils.
  • the igniter support tubes 52 are made of compacted BALL POWDER® propellant having a grain size between about 40 and 70 mils and are also formed as previously described.
  • the igniter support tubes thus extend only partially along the through bore 44. This arrangement provides an alternative way to vary the ignition rate of the propellant in the main charge by varying the surface area of the main charge directly exposed to the ignition flame front.
  • the length of the ignition support tubes can be chosen so as to optimize the ignition geometry within the module.
  • the ignition rings 54 at each end of the central bore 44 are preferably formed of compressed fine grain undeterred spheroidal or oblate spheroidal propellant or black powder so as to couple the initial primer flash rapidly into the igniter support tube. This arrangement increases the module to module ignition sensitivity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
EP91114546A 1990-08-30 1991-08-29 Charge modulaire de munition unitaire sans douile Expired - Lifetime EP0475207B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US57505790A 1990-08-30 1990-08-30
US575057 1990-08-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0475207A1 true EP0475207A1 (fr) 1992-03-18
EP0475207B1 EP0475207B1 (fr) 1995-08-09

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EP91114546A Expired - Lifetime EP0475207B1 (fr) 1990-08-30 1991-08-29 Charge modulaire de munition unitaire sans douile

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EP (1) EP0475207B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69111944T2 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0646762A1 (fr) * 1993-10-05 1995-04-05 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Eléments de conteneurs combustibles pour munitions d'artillerie, procédé de fabrication et utilisation de tels éléments
EP0706025A1 (fr) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-10 Giat Industries Etui pour un chargement propulsif
FR2736425A1 (fr) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-10 Giat Ind Sa Conteneur combustible de charge propulsive pour une munition d'artillerie de campagne
EP0754927A1 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 Giat Industries Système d'allumage d'une charge propulsive notamment pour munition d'artillerie de campagne et son procédé de fabrication
WO1998040692A1 (fr) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-17 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Element de mise a feu dote d'un vernis protecteur en polyurethane
FR2781879A1 (fr) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-04 Giat Ind Sa Element de charge propulsive et son procede de fabrication
WO2000037879A1 (fr) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-29 Bofors Weapon Systems Ab Procede d'amorçage de charges de poudre propulsive d'artillerie, module de charge de poudre propulsive d'artillerie et de charge de poudre propulsive d'artillerie
RU2154796C1 (ru) * 2000-02-03 2000-08-20 Производственное объединение "Алексинский химкомбинат" Заряд к артиллерийскому орудию
US6343552B1 (en) * 2000-06-06 2002-02-05 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Solvent application system
EP2078921A3 (fr) * 2008-01-09 2009-08-26 Cheddite France Procédé de fabrication de cylindres pour douille de cartouche et composition
RU2707830C2 (ru) * 2018-04-26 2019-11-29 Акционерное общество "Уральский завод транспортного машиностроения" Артиллерийский выстрел раздельного заряжания с переменным метательным зарядом

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2267079C2 (ru) * 2004-02-12 2005-12-27 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФГУП "ГосНИИХП") Выстрел раздельного заряжания к танковым пушкам
DE102010045383B4 (de) * 2010-09-14 2014-01-16 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Treibladungskörper

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405104A (en) * 1941-08-07 1946-07-30 William E Mydans Ordnance powder bag
US3191535A (en) * 1959-05-25 1965-06-29 Dow Chemical Co Solid cellular metallic propellants
DE1244632B (de) * 1958-03-04 1967-07-13 Olin Mathieson Verfahren zur Herstellung von gerundeten Treibpulverkoernchen aus Nitrocellulose
US4092189A (en) * 1977-08-01 1978-05-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army High rate propellant
EP0082758A1 (fr) * 1981-12-17 1983-06-29 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Chargement propulsif mixte pour munitions avec douille
US4841863A (en) * 1985-04-19 1989-06-27 Olin Corporation Saboted, light armour penetrator round with improved powder mix
US4922823A (en) * 1987-09-11 1990-05-08 Rheinmetall Gmbh Ignition transfer charge for a propelling charge

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3092525A (en) * 1960-09-30 1963-06-04 Olin Mathieson Method of producing unitary nitrocellulose grains capable of fragmentation under primer blast to original granules

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405104A (en) * 1941-08-07 1946-07-30 William E Mydans Ordnance powder bag
DE1244632B (de) * 1958-03-04 1967-07-13 Olin Mathieson Verfahren zur Herstellung von gerundeten Treibpulverkoernchen aus Nitrocellulose
US3191535A (en) * 1959-05-25 1965-06-29 Dow Chemical Co Solid cellular metallic propellants
US4092189A (en) * 1977-08-01 1978-05-30 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army High rate propellant
EP0082758A1 (fr) * 1981-12-17 1983-06-29 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Chargement propulsif mixte pour munitions avec douille
US4841863A (en) * 1985-04-19 1989-06-27 Olin Corporation Saboted, light armour penetrator round with improved powder mix
US4922823A (en) * 1987-09-11 1990-05-08 Rheinmetall Gmbh Ignition transfer charge for a propelling charge

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0646762A1 (fr) * 1993-10-05 1995-04-05 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Eléments de conteneurs combustibles pour munitions d'artillerie, procédé de fabrication et utilisation de tels éléments
FR2710976A1 (fr) * 1993-10-05 1995-04-14 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Eléments de conteneurs combustibles pour munitions d'artillerie, procédé de fabrication et utilisation de tels éléments.
US5454323A (en) * 1993-10-05 1995-10-03 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Combustible container elements for artillery ammunition, method of manufacture and use of such elements
EP0706025A1 (fr) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-10 Giat Industries Etui pour un chargement propulsif
FR2725510A1 (fr) * 1994-10-06 1996-04-12 Giat Ind Sa Etui pour un chargement propulsif
US5672842A (en) * 1994-10-06 1997-09-30 Giat Industries Case for propellant charge
EP0757223A1 (fr) * 1995-07-07 1997-02-05 Giat Industries Conteneur combustible de charge propulsive pour une munition d'artillerie
FR2736425A1 (fr) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-10 Giat Ind Sa Conteneur combustible de charge propulsive pour une munition d'artillerie de campagne
US5726379A (en) * 1995-07-07 1998-03-10 Giat Industries Propellant charge combustible container for field artillery ammunition
FR2737002A1 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-24 Giat Ind Sa Systeme d'allumage d'une charge propulsive, notamment pour munition d'artillerie de campagne, et son procede de fabrication
EP0754927A1 (fr) * 1995-07-20 1997-01-22 Giat Industries Système d'allumage d'une charge propulsive notamment pour munition d'artillerie de campagne et son procédé de fabrication
US5712444A (en) * 1995-07-20 1998-01-27 Giat Industries Priming mechanism for a propellant charge notably for field artillery ammunition and its manufacturing process
WO1998040692A1 (fr) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-17 Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik Element de mise a feu dote d'un vernis protecteur en polyurethane
FR2781879A1 (fr) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-04 Giat Ind Sa Element de charge propulsive et son procede de fabrication
WO2000037879A1 (fr) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-29 Bofors Weapon Systems Ab Procede d'amorçage de charges de poudre propulsive d'artillerie, module de charge de poudre propulsive d'artillerie et de charge de poudre propulsive d'artillerie
RU2154796C1 (ru) * 2000-02-03 2000-08-20 Производственное объединение "Алексинский химкомбинат" Заряд к артиллерийскому орудию
US6343552B1 (en) * 2000-06-06 2002-02-05 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Solvent application system
EP2078921A3 (fr) * 2008-01-09 2009-08-26 Cheddite France Procédé de fabrication de cylindres pour douille de cartouche et composition
RU2707830C2 (ru) * 2018-04-26 2019-11-29 Акционерное общество "Уральский завод транспортного машиностроения" Артиллерийский выстрел раздельного заряжания с переменным метательным зарядом

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0475207B1 (fr) 1995-08-09
DE69111944T2 (de) 1996-04-18
DE69111944D1 (de) 1995-09-14

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