EP0480603B1 - Enlèvement de mercure - Google Patents

Enlèvement de mercure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0480603B1
EP0480603B1 EP91308803A EP91308803A EP0480603B1 EP 0480603 B1 EP0480603 B1 EP 0480603B1 EP 91308803 A EP91308803 A EP 91308803A EP 91308803 A EP91308803 A EP 91308803A EP 0480603 B1 EP0480603 B1 EP 0480603B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mercury
stream
precursor
sulphur
compound
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91308803A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0480603A2 (fr
EP0480603A3 (en
Inventor
Patrick John Denny
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Johnson Matthey PLC
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Publication of EP0480603A2 publication Critical patent/EP0480603A2/fr
Publication of EP0480603A3 publication Critical patent/EP0480603A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0480603B1 publication Critical patent/EP0480603B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
    • C10G25/003—Specific sorbent material, not covered by C10G25/02 or C10G25/03
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G29/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals
    • C10G29/06—Metal salts, or metal salts deposited on a carrier
    • C10G29/10—Sulfides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process for the removal of mercury from a gaseous or liquid stream.
  • GB-B-1533059 discloses the use of a pre-sulphided absorbent comprising copper sulphide for the absorption of mercury from a natural gas stream containing mercury.
  • the pre-sulphided absorbent is prepared by forming a precursor comprising a copper compound, e.g. an extrudate comprising basic copper carbonate and a refractory cement binder, and then contacting the precursor with a gaseous stream containing a sulphur compound, e.g. hydrogen sulphide, so as to fully sulphide the copper compound.
  • the pre-sulphided absorbent is then used to remove mercury from a sulphur-free natural gas stream. It is also shown that an absorbent comprising copper in the reduced, i.e. metallic, state is less effective at absorbing mercury than the pre-sulphided absorbent.
  • Japanese kokoku JP-75001477 shows that a pre-sulphided absorbent comprising copper sulphide is capable of absorbing mercury from a stream of electrolytic hydrogen containing mercury.
  • a pre-sulphided absorbent comprising a metal sulphide in particular a pre-sulphided absorbent comprising copper sulphide, may exhibit a change in its mercury absorption capacity during storage such that a freshly pre-sulphided absorbent is more readily able to absorb mercury than a similar absorbent which has been stored for subsequent use. It has also been found that the ability of an absorbent comprising a metal sulphide to absorb mercury is dependent on the conditions under which the sulphiding is conducted. Furthermore, it has also found that it is possible to improve the performance of a mercury removal process using an absorbent comprising a metal sulphide by concomitantly forming the metal sulphide during the absorption of the mercury.
  • the present invention provides a mercury removal process comprising contacting a mercury-containing feed stream with an absorbent comprising a metal sulphide capable of absorbing mercury and wherein the absorbent is formed by contacting in situ a precursor comprising a metal compound capable of forming the metal sulphide with a first stream containing a sulphur compound.
  • the present invention may be used to treat both liquid and gaseous feed streams.
  • Gaseous feed streams which are susceptible to being treated by the present invention include those which inherently contain both mercury and a sulphur compound e.g. certain natural gas streams, or a mercury containing gaseous stream to which a sulphur compound has been added to effect mercury absorption.
  • Suitable liquid streams include mercury containing LPG and naphtha streams.
  • absorbents comprising copper sulphide are pre-sulphided, i.e. they are sulphided prior to use, and are then often stored in contact with air. It has now been found that during storage substantial quantities of copper sulphate are formed which is significantly less effective as a absorbent than copper sulphide. Thus, the presence of a metal sulphate is undesirable and it is therefore preferred that the absorbent used in the present invention is substantially sulphate free. To avoid the formation of the metal sulphate, the absorbent used in the present invention is sulphided in situ, i.e. it is not pre-sulphided and stored subsequent to use in contact with air or an other oxygen containing gas.
  • the precursor may be sulphided using a first stream which contains a suitable sulphur compound to form the absorbent and then held in-situ in a non-sulphate forming environment. It is preferred, however, that the sulphiding of the precursor and the absorption of mercury occur together, i.e. they are concomitant, thereby avoiding the need for a separate sulphiding process and the subsequent storage difficulties.
  • the present invention may be advantageously used on streams which contain both mercury and sulphur compounds.
  • the concomitant absorption of mercury and sulphur is conducted at a temperature below 100°C in that at such temperatures the overall capacity for mercury absorption is increased. Temperatures as low as 20°C may be used to good effect in the present invention.
  • the mercury may be in the form of mercury vapour, organomercuric, or organomercurous compounds.
  • concentration of mercury in a gaseous feed stream is from 0.01 to 500 ug.Nm ⁇ 3, and more usually between 10 to 200ug.Nm ⁇ 3.
  • the sulphur compound used to sulphide the precursor may be one or more sulphur compounds such as hydrogen sulphide, carbonyl sulphide, mercaptans and polysulphides. Where concomitant sulphiding and mercury absorption occurs the amount of sulphur compound that is present depends on the type of sulphur compound and metal compound used. Usually, a concentration ratio, as defined by the ratio of sulphur compound (expressed as hydrogen sulphide) concentration (v/v) to mercury concentration (v/v), of at least one, and preferably of at least 10 is used so that the precursor is sufficiently sulphided.
  • the concentration of the sulphur compound in the feed stream be below the level necessary to establish the desired ratio of sulphur compound to mercury compound concentration then it is preferred that the concentration of the sulphur compound is increased by any suitable method, e.g. by the addition of further quantities of the sulphur compound, or by the use of a molecular sieve or semi-permeable membrane to selectively increase the concentration of the sulphur compound.
  • the metal may be any which provides a metal compound which shows a suitable capacity for being sulphided and for mercury absorption.
  • suitable metals are iron and copper, and in particular copper.
  • Certain other metals are generally unable to provide either compounds which can be suitably sulphided, e.g. aluminium, or sulphided compounds which can adequately absorb mercury e.g. zinc.
  • a compound of such an other metal may be present as a binding or support agent which improves the structural integrity of the absorbent, and/or as a promoter which enhances the sulphiding of the precursor and/or the absorption of mercury by the absorbent.
  • a metal compound suitable for use in an absorbent precursor is one which may be readily sulphided and may include the oxide, carbonate, and/or basic carbonate.
  • a particularly suitable metal compound is thus basic copper carbonate.
  • the precursor comprising the metal compound may be in any suitable form, e.g. as a granule, extrudate, or tablet.
  • Particularly effective absorbents are those which are prepared from precursors having a capacity to be highly sulphided.
  • the amount of sulphide forming compound of the metal present in the precursor is such that the precursor may be sulphided to achieve a sulphur loading of at least 15% w/w, and particularly at least 20% w/w.
  • a freshly sulphided material containing copper and zinc sulphides, having a total sulphur content of 19% w/w was tested for its ability to remove mercury from a simulated natural gas feed stream.
  • the material had previously been sulphided at 20°C and 1 atm. using a natural gas stream which was saturated with water, and contained 1% v/v hydrogen sulphide.
  • Mercury removal was assessed at 20°C, 1 atm., by contacting the sulphided material at a space velocity of 10000 hr ⁇ 1 with methane containing 1.8 ppm mercury.
  • Example 1 was repeated except that the sulphided material was stored under ambient conditions, and in contact with air, for 8 months prior to the mercury removal assessment.
  • Example 1 Days on line Mercury Slip %
  • Example 2 ⁇ 1 0.0 100.0 9 0.0 - 14 2.5 - 16 5.0 - 18 7.5 - 19 10.0 -
  • Example 1 was repeated using a sulphided material containing 6.2% w/w of sulphur.
  • Example 3 was repeated except that the sulphiding was conducted at a temperature of 110°C, to a sulphur loading of 17.7% w/w.
  • Example 4 was repeated except that the sulphur loading was to 24% w/w.
  • Example 3 The results of Examples 3 to 5 are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 4 Example 5 24 0.0 1.0 0.0 48 0.0 2.4 0.0 72 0.0 3.8 0.0 96 4.5 5.8 0.0 120 9.4 >12.5 0.0 144 12.1 - 0.6 It can thus be seen that although the material of Example 4 was laden with more than twice the amount of sulphur than that of Example 3, the material of Example 3 was superior in performance to that of Example 4.
  • Example 5 shows that for materials which have been sulphided under the same conditions, the greater the sulphur loading the more mercury can be absorbed before mercury slip occurs.
  • Example 1 was repeated using a material of the same composition as that of Mass A of UK patent, GB-B-1533059.
  • the freshly sulphided material was similarly assessed for its mercury removal capacity. After 2 days on-line a mercury slip of 2.5% was observed. The mercury slip increased approximately at a rate of 2.5% per day until the end of the assessment on the fifth day.
  • Example 2 the non-sulphided starting material of Example 1 was placed in sample baskets, and inserted into an industrial operating unit used for the removal of sulphur compounds, principally hydrogen sulphide (60 - 70 ppm), from natural gas containing 11% v/v carbon dioxide.
  • the natural gas also contained mercury as a trace component.
  • the unit was operated at about 70°C, and 50 bar. After a period of time on line, the sample baskets were retrieved and analysis of the material for sulphur and mercury contents performed.
  • the material was shown to be sulphided and to have a sulphur content of 18.1%. Furthermore, the material was shown to have a mercury content of 2.2% w/w.
  • Example 7 At the same time as the sample baskets of Example 7 were inserted into the operating unit, additional sample baskets containing a zinc oxide sulphur absorbent were also inserted. These were then analysed in the same manner as those of Example 7.
  • the zinc oxide sulphur absorbent was shown to have a sulphur content of 17.3% w/w. No mercury was shown, however, to have been absorbed by the material.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour séparer le mercure, comprenant la mise en contact d'un courant d'alimentation contenant du mercure avec un absorbant comprenant un sulfure métallique capable d'absorber le mercure, et dans lequel l'absorbant est formé par mise en contact in situ d'un précurseur comprenant un composé métallique capable de former le surfure métallique avec un premier courant contenant un composé soufré.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel le courant d'alimentation contient un composé soufré et comprend au moins une partie du premier courant et le premier courant entre en contact avec le précurseur de telle sorte que la formation du sulfure métallique soit concomitante avec l'absorption du mercure provenant du courant d'alimentation.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, dans lequel le premier courant entre en contact avec le précurseur à une température n'excédant pas 100°C.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 2 ou la revendication 3, dans lequel le rapport des concentrations, défini par le rapport de la concentration du composé soufré (v/v) à la concentration du composé de mercure (v/v), dans le premier courant lors du contact du précurseur avec le premier courant, est au moins égal à 1:1.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, dans lequel la concentration initiale du composé soufré dans le premier courant avant le contact du précurseur avec le premier courant est telle que le rapport des concentrations soit inférieur à 1:1, et la concentration du composé soufré est augmentée de telle sorte que le rapport des concentrations lors du contact du précurseur avec le premier courant soit au moins égal à 1:1.
  6. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le composé soufré consiste en au moins un composé choisi dans le groupe comprenant l'hydrogène sulfuré, le sulfure de carbonyle, des mercaptans et des polysulfures.
  7. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le métal consiste en au moins un métal choisi dans le groupe comprenant le cuivre et le fer.
  8. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel le composé métallique est le carbonate basique de cuivre.
  9. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel le précurseur peut être sulfuré de manière à posséder une teneur en soufre d'au moins 15 % en poids/poids.
  10. Procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel le courant d'alimentation est gazeux et possède une teneur en mercure de 0,01 à 500 »g.Nm⁻³.
EP91308803A 1990-10-10 1991-09-26 Enlèvement de mercure Expired - Lifetime EP0480603B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9022060 1990-10-10
GB909022060A GB9022060D0 (en) 1990-10-10 1990-10-10 Mercury removal

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0480603A2 EP0480603A2 (fr) 1992-04-15
EP0480603A3 EP0480603A3 (en) 1993-03-10
EP0480603B1 true EP0480603B1 (fr) 1995-04-19

Family

ID=10683521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91308803A Expired - Lifetime EP0480603B1 (fr) 1990-10-10 1991-09-26 Enlèvement de mercure

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0480603B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU639833B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2052888C (fr)
DE (1) DE69109041T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9022060D0 (fr)
NO (1) NO178427C (fr)
NZ (1) NZ240095A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6139605A (en) * 1997-02-11 2000-10-31 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Gas absorption
WO2011131850A1 (fr) 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procede d'elimination des especes mercuriques presentes dans une charge hydrocarbonee
US8197695B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2012-06-12 Johnson Matthey Plc Absorbents
US8574328B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2013-11-05 Johnson Matthey Plc Oxygen removal
US9017642B2 (en) 2006-03-16 2015-04-28 Johnson Matthey Plc Oxygen removal

Families Citing this family (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9607066D0 (en) 1996-04-03 1996-06-05 Ici Plc Purification process
US6350372B1 (en) 1999-05-17 2002-02-26 Mobil Oil Corporation Mercury removal in petroleum crude using H2S/C
US6537443B1 (en) * 2000-02-24 2003-03-25 Union Oil Company Of California Process for removing mercury from liquid hydrocarbons
FR2876113B1 (fr) * 2004-10-06 2008-12-12 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de captation selective de l'arsenic dans les essences riches en soufre et en olefines
US7704920B2 (en) * 2005-11-30 2010-04-27 Basf Catalysts Llc Pollutant emission control sorbents and methods of manufacture
US7578869B2 (en) 2005-11-30 2009-08-25 Basf Catalysts Llc Methods of manufacturing bentonite pollution control sorbents
US7575629B2 (en) 2005-11-30 2009-08-18 Basf Catalysts Llc Pollutant emission control sorbents and methods of manufacture
GB0611316D0 (en) 2006-06-09 2006-07-19 Johnson Matthey Plc Improvements in the removal of metals from fluid streams
US7753992B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2010-07-13 Basf Corporation Methods of manufacturing mercury sorbents and removing mercury from a gas stream
GB0616343D0 (en) 2006-08-17 2006-09-27 Johnson Matthey Plc Mercury removal
US8685351B2 (en) 2007-09-24 2014-04-01 Basf Corporation Pollutant emission control sorbents and methods of manufacture and use
US8906823B2 (en) 2007-09-24 2014-12-09 Basf Corporation Pollutant emission control sorbents and methods of manufacture and use
US8420561B2 (en) 2009-06-16 2013-04-16 Amcol International Corporation Flue gas scrubbing
US8268744B2 (en) 2009-06-16 2012-09-18 Amcol International Corporation High shear method for manufacturing a synthetic smectite mineral
GB2547364B8 (en) * 2010-10-05 2017-11-29 The Queen's Univ Of Belfast Process for removing metals from hydrocarbons
US8876952B2 (en) * 2012-02-06 2014-11-04 Uop Llc Method of removing mercury from a fluid stream using high capacity copper adsorbents
CN110508266B (zh) * 2018-05-21 2023-11-07 中国华电科工集团有限公司 一种汞收集装置
FR3130635A1 (fr) 2021-12-20 2023-06-23 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procede de captation de metaux lourds par co-alimentation d’un flux sulfurant
FR3130636A1 (fr) 2021-12-20 2023-06-23 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procede de rejuvenation de masses de captation de metaux lourds
FR3156048A1 (fr) 2023-11-30 2025-06-06 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procede de demercurisation mettant en œuvre plusieurs types de masses de captation

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2656803C2 (de) * 1975-12-18 1986-12-18 Institut Français du Pétrole, Rueil-Malmaison, Hauts-de-Seine Verfahren zur Entfernung von in einem Gas oder in einer Flüssigkeit vorhandenem Quecksilber
US4206183A (en) * 1976-12-09 1980-06-03 Dowa Mining Co., Ltd. Method of removing mercury-containing contaminations in gases
US4740361A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-04-26 Union Carbide Corporation Process for removing metal carbonyls from gaseous streams
US4786483A (en) * 1987-09-25 1988-11-22 Mobil Oil Corporation Process for removing hydrogen sulfide and mercury from gases

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6139605A (en) * 1997-02-11 2000-10-31 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Gas absorption
US9017642B2 (en) 2006-03-16 2015-04-28 Johnson Matthey Plc Oxygen removal
US8574328B2 (en) 2006-06-19 2013-11-05 Johnson Matthey Plc Oxygen removal
US9284189B2 (en) 2006-06-20 2016-03-15 Johnson Matthey Plc Oxygen removal
US8197695B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2012-06-12 Johnson Matthey Plc Absorbents
WO2011131850A1 (fr) 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 IFP Energies Nouvelles Procede d'elimination des especes mercuriques presentes dans une charge hydrocarbonee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO913960L (no) 1992-04-13
CA2052888C (fr) 2001-12-25
NO178427B (no) 1995-12-18
AU639833B2 (en) 1993-08-05
DE69109041T2 (de) 1995-09-21
NO913960D0 (no) 1991-10-09
EP0480603A2 (fr) 1992-04-15
NZ240095A (en) 1994-04-27
EP0480603A3 (en) 1993-03-10
NO178427C (no) 1996-03-27
AU8555791A (en) 1992-04-16
CA2052888A1 (fr) 1992-04-11
GB9022060D0 (en) 1990-11-21
DE69109041D1 (de) 1995-05-24

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