EP0481982B1 - Grue deplacable pour marchandises lourdes - Google Patents

Grue deplacable pour marchandises lourdes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0481982B1
EP0481982B1 EP89907081A EP89907081A EP0481982B1 EP 0481982 B1 EP0481982 B1 EP 0481982B1 EP 89907081 A EP89907081 A EP 89907081A EP 89907081 A EP89907081 A EP 89907081A EP 0481982 B1 EP0481982 B1 EP 0481982B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crane
fact
load
wheel
booms
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89907081A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0481982A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Wilcke
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/52—Floating cranes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crane equipped with jibs for heavy goods, primarily, but not exclusively, for inland vessels and light seagoing vessels, the crane consisting of two coupled, swiveling jibs being able to move the loads longitudinally, e.g. Containers that can be picked up or handed over via the bow or stern, can be collapsed and are mainly operated using push chains.
  • Container cranes for on-board and land installation are known in various configurations. As a rule, they are characterized by high weight, high center of gravity, complex technology and thus high price. Therefore, they can only be used economically in places with high handling requirements (e.g. terminals). Because of the lack of on-board handling options, inland shipping could only take part in container traffic after costly terminals with land-based handling equipment had been built.
  • Jib cranes are known, e.g. according to GB patent specification 21 96603 (preamble of claim 1), but this has disadvantages.
  • the crane is not designed primarily for horizontal load movement.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a crane for handling heavy goods, e.g. of containers, which can be installed on inland and light seagoing ships, eliminates the occurrence of stability problems during handling, manages with simple technology and is therefore inexpensive to manufacture and can also be used sensibly in fixed systems.
  • the boom of the crane can in a simple manner from approximately a horizontal position (transport position) by almost 180 ° pivot (longest reach) and move on the track rail.
  • the loads can be moved in any way.
  • the handling of containers is also possible outside of port facilities, e.g. on ferry ramps, in inclined, paved bank areas, etc. There can be handled independently of high and low water.
  • An essential characteristic of the push chain is that it is constructed in the manner of a roller chain, is able to transmit both push and pulling forces and is secured against buckling outside the housing.
  • the housings are designed so that the chain can enter or exit at different angles under load. All drives are self-locking.
  • Fig. 1 the crane rail (1) laid on the side longitudinal aisle next to the loading hatch is visible, which extends to the outer end of the rectangularly shaped bow in order to achieve the greatest possible reach of the jib (11).
  • the crane truck (4) rolls on the crane rail, moved by the push chain (5), driven by the push chain drive (6).
  • the push chain drives of both crane trucks (4) are driven by a drive machine via a common shaft, e.g. driven by a self-locking worm gear.
  • the boom (11) and the support (12) are rotatably mounted on the crane truck (4) around the bearing (10). While the boom (11) generally has a rectangular or round cross-section (see FIG. 6), the support (12) preferably has a U-shaped cross-section, so that the support (12) in the folded state has the boom (11) in it can record.
  • the two arms (11) and supports (12) are connected to each other by fixed cross members (15). Furthermore, the boom (11) and support (12) on each side are provided with a stiffener with an articulated joint (14).
  • the stiffener (14) is self-locking in the stretched state and secures a predetermined spread angle during operation.
  • the push chain (8) which is driven by the push chain drive (9) on the crane truck (4), is rotatably attached to the boom (11) and is guided over the deflection housing (14) at the tip of the support (12), the boom (11) is pushed up out of its rest position and thus erected.
  • the stiffener (13) stretches and takes the support (12) along with further pivoting.
  • the support (12) also prevents the push chain (8) from being overdimensioned when the boom (11) is extended.
  • connection between the jib (11) and the support (12) can be formed at its outermost points by a snap-in connection lock that can be locked in both end positions, and which is moved along a slide piece by moving the crane carriage (4) until it extends.
  • the ship For handling at a fixed pier (see Fig. 1), the ship is moored with the stern anchor upstream and the bow line upstream.
  • the bow can rest on the edge of the quay wall, especially if it is a boat with low water displacement.
  • the container is lifted from the trailer (32) on the pier and swung on board.
  • the push chain (8) is loaded under tension.
  • swinging the boom (11) in the position acc. Fig. 2 supports the chain (8) the boom (11) and is loaded on thrust.
  • the ship To coat larger storage areas along the pier, the ship is moved parallel to the pier by pulling in / plugging in the anchor chain and leading line.
  • the crane truck (4) (see FIGS. 4 and 5) is fastened on the crane rail (1) in a double-T shape with an upper roller (2) and lower rollers (3) .
  • a U-shaped crane rail can be used or instead of top and and lower rollers of the crane trucks are guided with rollers engaging in the rails in the manner of a forklift.
  • the box-shaped crane truck (4) also serves as a magazine for the unused parts of the push chain (8).
  • the crossbeams (15), which are firmly connected to the two arms (11), are preferably tubular.
  • the spacer (16) is also attached to it in a tubular manner and comprises the cross member (15) in a movable manner.
  • the spacer is dimensioned so that the load harness (22) can be guided perpendicular to the attachment points.
  • ball cages (17) are firmly attached, which, filled with balls (18), both allow movement of the spacer (16) between the two arms (11) for positioning over the load, as well as one Rotational movement on the cross member when the boom (11) is pivoted.
  • a push chain holder (19) is rotatably mounted on one side of the spacer (16), to which the push chain (20) causing the transverse movement of the spacer (16) is fastened.
  • the push chain (20) is moved by the push chain drive (21) attached to or in the boom (11).
  • the load harness (22) for attaching the load is attached to the spacer (16) primarily in pairs on each side.
  • containers with container hooks come for containers to use.
  • the slings can be placed in the upper or lower container fittings depending on their accessibility. If the containers are stowed in several layers on board, appropriate use of the lifting height of the jibs can be achieved by strops of different lengths.
  • the booms (11) can be made telescopic in order to increase the lifting height of the crane.
  • the spacer (16) can be fastened in a transversely displaceable manner on a crossbar (23) which is attached to two ropes (24) below the crossmember (15).
  • the ropes (24) are guided over pulleys (25) at the tips of the brackets and over deflection pulleys (26) and fastened to the brackets.
  • the deflection rollers are actuated by actuators (27), e.g. Hydraulic cylinders, moves and causes the load to be raised and lowered. (see Fig. 5).
  • alternating ropes or chains or rack and pinion drives can also be used to move the crane trucks (4).
  • Containers and other loads do not always have a center of gravity. 40-foot containers in particular can therefore be significantly inclined in the longitudinal axis. This can make them difficult to handle, and can even prevent them from entering tight spaces or mounts.
  • 7 shows a semi-automatic device for detecting the load in the center of gravity. It is assumed that when lifting a load, it is immediately recognizable if it is not suspended above the center of gravity. By repositioning and appropriately adjusting the suspension point (eg by moving the crane), the load in the center of gravity can be detected if the length of the strops is automatically adjusted and can be locked in the new position.
  • the two pairs of slats (30, 30 ') are guided side by side in approximately the width of the load (container width). They are with a middle part (31), e.g. a link chain, connected together. At its ends, the spacer (16) is provided with rotatable gear wheels (32) which surround it and which have chains (31) of corresponding toothing. Furthermore, there are extensive, firmly connected fine toothings (34) outside the chain wheels.
  • guide levers (37) are rotatably attached with cams (36).
  • the guide levers are equipped with sliding surfaces (38) and are pulled inwards with tension springs (39).
  • tension springs (39) Under load, the stripped strings (30) stretch and incline the two ends of the link chain.
  • the guide lever (37) with its cam (36) presses on the toothed block (40) mounted in the toothed block holder (41), which thereby presses into the fine toothing (34) and changes the length of the slats (30) with the central part of the link chain (31). prevented.
  • the load hangs safely with the center of gravity corresponding to different lengths of crane.
  • the device can be manufactured as an independent assembly with a suspension link.
  • the function of the push chain (8) can also be achieved by a combination of an adjustable cable connection between supports (12) and outrigger arms (11), hydraulic cylinders as a connection between supports (12) and crane truck (4) and an erection device consist.
  • the hydraulic cylinder In the transport position, the hydraulic cylinder is below the support (12) and the boom (11), rotatably attached to the outer end of the support.
  • the free end of the cylinder slides on the crane truck (4) with a slide shoe in a guide rail.
  • a rotatable lever is attached to the slide shoe, which engages under the support (12) and extension arm (11) and bends them slightly when actuated.
  • the lever In the transport position, the lever is attached to a suitable point, for example with a rope, on stationary parts of the ship.
  • the support (12) and boom (11) By moving the crane truck (4), the support (12) and boom (11) are raised slightly above the lever, so that the hydraulic cylinder is also slightly inclined.
  • the brackets (11) are attached with ropes e.g. comparable to that shown in Fig. 5 (23-27).
  • the ropes carry the load after they have passed top dead center.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

Une grue déplaçable pour marchandises lourdes, utile de préférence mais pas exclusivement pour des bateaux fluviaux et pour des bateaux légers de haute mer, se caractérise par le fait que la grue composée de deux flèches pivotables couplées (11) est repliable, se déplace de préférence le long du bateau pour recevoir ou transférer les charges, par exemple des conteneurs ISO, par-dessus la proue ou la poupe, et est actionnée de préférence mais pas exclusivement par des chaînes de poussée (8, 5). D'autres caractéristiques spéciales de la grue sont: suspension des charges à équilibrage semi-automatique du centre de gravité, chargement et déchargement possibles des deux côtés du pivot (10) des flèches (11), pivotement de la charge au-delà du point mort supérieur des flèches, déplacement transversal de la charge.

Claims (8)

  1. Grue pour matériel lourd, notamment pour les bateaux de rivière et bateaux de mer légers, essentiellement mobile dans le sens longitudinal du bateau, pour l'admission et le dépôt de la charge par la proue ou la poupe, constituée de deux flèches (Il) et deux supports (20), fermement reliés par des traverses,
    caractérisée en ce que les flèches (11) sont pivotables de plus de 90°, la grue est pliable et essentiellement actionnée à l'aide de chaînes de poussée,
    notamment caractérisée en ce que la grue roule sur deux rails de grue (1) essentiellement en forme de double T ou en forme de U montés le long du bateau, parallèles et à proximité du bordage, au moyen de deux chariots de grue (4) non reliés l'un à l'autre, par l'intermédiaire de galets qui absorbent la pression et la traction (2,3), et que pour le mouvement dans les deux sens, des chaînes de poussée (5) sont montées sur les chariots de grue (4), commandées par des entraînements de chaîne de poussée (6), reliées par un arbre commun (7) et mobilisées par un entraînement à autoverrouillage,
    caractérisée, en outre, en ce que sur chaque chariot de grue (4) une flèche (11) et un appui (12) sont montés de façon pivotante autour d'un palier (10) et les deux flèches (11) et les appuis (12) sont fermement reliés à des traverses (15),
    caractérisée, en outre, en ce que des chaînes de poussée (8) sont fixées de façon tournante à la pointe de la flèche (11), menées par-dessus le boîtier de renvoi (14) aux pointes des appuis (12) et reprises par les boîtiers d'entraînement (9) aux chariots de grue (4),
    caractérisées, en outre, en ce que la traverse (15) entre les flèches (4) est constituée en forme de tuyau et entourée d'un intercalaire (16) également en forme de tuyau, pourvu à ses extrémités de cages à billes (17) et logé sur la traverse (15) sur des billes (18),
    et en ce que d'un côté, un support de chaîne de poussée tournant (19) avec une chaîne de poussée (20) est monté sur l'intercalaire (16) guidé par l'intermédiaire d'un entraînement de chaîne de poussée (21) monté sur une flèche (11),
    caractérisée, en outre, en ce que la grue est équipée d'un dispositif compensatoire pour centres de gravité excentriques de la charge,
    caractérisé en ce que l'élément de suspension de charge pour les cordes porteuses de charge est constitué comme une roue, de préférence comme une roue dentée (32),
    caractérisé, en outre, en ce que deux cordes porteuses de charge respectives (estropes) (30) sont reliées l'une à l'autres par une pièce médiane (31) conduite par-dessus la roue (32), la roue (32) et la pièce médiane (31) se tenant en engrènement forcé, permettant un mouvement commun de la pièce médiane (31) et de la roue (32), mais excluant un mouvement relatif entre la roue (32) et la partie médiane (31),
    caractérisé, en outre, en ce que la roue (32) est équipée, en-dehors de l'espace de mouvement de la pièce médiane (31), par une denture fine (34), dans laquelle s'engrène un segment denté (40), fixé entre les deux positions "engrené dans (34)" et "non engrené dans (34)" de façon mobile dans le support de segment denté (41) et la position "engrené dans (34) étant prise de force lorsque les estropes sont tendues sous la charge.
  2. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que pour le mouvement des chariots de grue ont été prévus des cordes (4) ou chaînes circulantes ou des entraînements à crémaillère.
  3. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que la liaison entre la pointe de la flèche (11) et la pointe de l'appui (12) est constituée par une traverse de liaison rigide, enfléchissable et verrouillable dans les deux positions finales et que les chaînes de poussée (8) sont fixée de façon tournante aux appuis (12).
  4. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1, 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce que les flèches (11) peuvent être modifiées dans leur longueur de façon télescopique.
  5. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1, 2, 3 et 4, caractérisée en ce que les pointes des flèches (11) sont équipées de poulies (25), la suspension de charge étant effectuée sur une poutre transversale (23) sous la traverse (15) et la poutre transversale (23) étant fixée à des cordes (24), menées par l'intermédiaires des poulies et reliée dans ou sur la flèche respective avec des vérins qui y sont montés (27).
  6. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4 et 5, caractérisée en ce que le bout extérieur de l'appui (12) est relié à l'extrémité du chariot de grue (4) par un vérin de réglage variateur d'écart et porteur de charge et que ce vérin de réglage est susceptible d'être mis en position horizontale à l'aide d'un autre vérin de réglage et que des cordes ou chaînes de longueur réglable peuvent être employées comme liaison porte-charge entre le bout de la flèche (11) et l'appui (12).
  7. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 et 6, caractérisée en ce que l'érection totale ou partielle de l'appui (12) s'effectué par le mouvement du chariot (4) par l'intermédiaire de pièces de liaison.
  8. Grue mobile pour matériel lourd selon la revendication 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 et 7, caractérisée en ce que la roue (32) se déplace dans un sens sous l'action d'un ressort à peine plus que la hauteur de dent de la denture fine (34) et qu'un pendant denté (40) s'engrène de façon analogue sous une charge qui dépasse la force du ressort, dans la denture (34) de la roue (32).
EP89907081A 1988-06-28 1989-06-26 Grue deplacable pour marchandises lourdes Expired - Lifetime EP0481982B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8808248U 1988-06-28
DE8808248U DE8808248U1 (de) 1988-06-28 1988-06-28 Verfahrbarer Kran für schwere Güter
PCT/DE1989/000425 WO1990000150A1 (fr) 1988-06-28 1989-06-26 Grue deplaçable pour marchandises lourdes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0481982A1 EP0481982A1 (fr) 1992-04-29
EP0481982B1 true EP0481982B1 (fr) 1995-02-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89907081A Expired - Lifetime EP0481982B1 (fr) 1988-06-28 1989-06-26 Grue deplacable pour marchandises lourdes

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0481982B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3775489A (fr)
DE (2) DE8808248U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990000150A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6601717B1 (en) 1996-12-09 2003-08-05 Jon Khachaturian Powered lifting apparatus using multiple booms
US5836463A (en) * 1996-12-09 1998-11-17 Khachaturian; Jon E. Powered lifting apparatus using multiple booms
US7066343B1 (en) 1996-12-09 2006-06-27 Khachaturian Jon E Powered lifting apparatus using multiple booms
DE10351644A1 (de) 2003-11-05 2005-06-09 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von lagerstabilen multiplen Emulsionen
CN105264076B (zh) 2013-01-28 2019-09-13 堪萨斯州立大学研究基金会 裂谷热病毒糖蛋白gn和gc及其用途
CN116372468A (zh) * 2022-12-21 2023-07-04 苏州枫石堂工程科技有限公司 一种注浆钢管桩的端部快速焊接定位装置
CN119929686B (zh) * 2024-12-18 2025-12-19 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 起重机

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE933223C (de) * 1952-05-04 1955-09-22 Demag Ag Kranausleger-Einziehwerk
FI44770C (fi) * 1969-11-11 1971-12-10 Kone Oy Laivanosturi.
FR2192972B2 (fr) * 1972-07-21 1976-01-16 Richier Fr
DE2539526A1 (de) * 1975-09-05 1977-03-24 Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft Schwimmkran mit ablegbarem haupt- ausleger
IT1160249B (it) * 1983-12-27 1987-03-04 Cdf Ss Apparecchiatura semovente di sollevamento
DE3531291A1 (de) * 1985-09-02 1987-03-05 Blohm Voss Ag Stuetzdrehkran fuer wasserfahrzeuge oder fuer den einsatz an land
GB2196603B (en) * 1986-09-26 1990-01-10 Heerema Engineering Vessel.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0481982A1 (fr) 1992-04-29
DE8808248U1 (de) 1989-08-24
WO1990000150A1 (fr) 1990-01-11
DE58908976D1 (de) 1995-03-16
AU3775489A (en) 1990-01-23

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