EP0482074B1 - Verfahren zum testen einer bohrung - Google Patents

Verfahren zum testen einer bohrung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0482074B1
EP0482074B1 EP90911289A EP90911289A EP0482074B1 EP 0482074 B1 EP0482074 B1 EP 0482074B1 EP 90911289 A EP90911289 A EP 90911289A EP 90911289 A EP90911289 A EP 90911289A EP 0482074 B1 EP0482074 B1 EP 0482074B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
probe
deformation
correction
linked
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90911289A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0482074A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Monnet
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GAIATECH
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GAIATECH
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
    • E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
    • E02D1/022—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work by investigating mechanical properties of the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/006—Measuring wall stresses in the borehole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to tests carried out from a borehole to determine the mechanical characteristics of the ground in elasticity and plasticity, thanks to a device of the type "pressuremeter", which was patented in France under the number 1.117.983, on January 19, 1955, by Mr. Louis Ménard. This device has been perfected and patented under the number 1.234.756, the 05.15.1959 by Mr. Louis Ménard, in particular with regard to the different parts of the "pressuremeter".
  • Such tests successively include measuring the vacuum deformation of the probe, then the measurement of the deformation of the ground in drilling, finally the establishment of a pressure graph volume which represents the resistance of the ground at a given level.
  • These tests are carried out with a probe which descended to a determined level of the borehole. This probe is then filled with liquid. From the surface, successively increasing pressure stages are applied. For each of these stages, the deformation of the probe is measured at time intervals croissants.
  • the object of this invention is to avoid these drawbacks in the case of a floor, in providing more detailed and precise information on the different layers in the field, while only using commonly used devices for measurements.
  • the invention provides an improvement to the test methodology, by introducing into the field loading sequence, one or more unloading cycles reloading, on which we can consider that the deformations are elastic. We thus frees itself from the plastic strain component which is one of the variables of the linear relation between the pressure and the deformation of the probe during a monotonous loading.
  • the invention provides an improvement to the pressure determination technique in the field, by introducing a set of corrections that take into account the geometry discovered that the static balance of the terrain around the probe is determined within elasticity and plasticity conditions of the ground.
  • a borehole (3) crosses a piece of land.
  • the part of the drilling corresponding to the level of the probe can be left uncovered without any coating. the remaining part of the borehole can either be cased or left bare.
  • a unit control (1) is placed on the surface, and connected by electric pipes (2) or hydraulic to the probe. Via the control unit (1), a pressurization of the probe (4). This loads the ground and deforms.
  • a measure of deformation is done along the measurement cell, and is materialized by either a measurement local electrical or hydraulic system at the probe (4), either by electrical measurement or hydraulic corresponding to a liquid level in the control unit (1).
  • the unit of control (1) supplies the probe, receives and processes the information coming from the probe if necessary until the reaction pressure graphs are fully established of the ground, deformation of the probe.
  • These measuring devices can preferably be connected to each other to form a single probe lowered into the borehole at one time. However, these instruments can also be used separately, each in combination with the control unit.
  • fluid pressure and deformation of the probe using the devices described above and with reference to a level selected from the well.
  • the strain measurement is carried out in the measuring cell at increasing time intervals.
  • the curve in Figure 2 was obtained for measurements of deformation of the probe, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 1 minute after application of the pressure. This timescale is purely indicative and any other progression can be used.
  • a drilling loading test is carried out beforehand at a level little different from the chosen level, so as to determine the creep pressure, which corresponds to the end of the linear relationship between the pressure and the deformation. , and the beginning of the non-linear relationship between pressure and strain.
  • the probe is then placed at the chosen level and a loading is imposed in successive stages according to the method indicated above.
  • the curve indicates at point A, bringing the probe into contact with the ground. From point A to point D which corresponds to the creep pressure previously defined, the relationship is linear between the pressure applied and the deformation of the probe.
  • the creep pressure must always be higher than the highest possible pressure during the cycle, that is to say at point B. From point B which precedes point D, one proceeds by successive stages of unloading, until point E.
  • the pressures imposed on the probe are corrected, and the deformations, to reduce to a value of the average reaction pressure of the ground and to an average deformation, along the measurement cell.
  • reaction pressure of the ground, outside the probe static pressure which corresponds to the height z of the water table above of the probe.
  • reaction pressure of the ground is measured, from the pressure imposed on the fluids internal to the probe (4) considering the static balance of the membrane (7) under the action of the stresses of the internal fluids (8) and the ground (9).
  • the difference between the internal and external rays works by reducing the pressure.
  • the reaction pressure of the ground is measured, from the pressure imposed on the internal fluids of the probe considering the static balance of the membrane under the action of stresses.
  • the difference between the deformable length (10) of the probe on which the field reaction acts, and the length of the probe charged by the fluids internal (12) works by reducing pressure.
  • the probe (4) can be protected by a split tube (11) which further reduces the pressure.
  • reaction pressure of the ground is measured, from the pressure imposed on the internal fluids of the probe considering the static balance of the membrane under the action of stresses.
  • the possible pressure difference between the liquid (14) and gas (13), or between the fluids actuating the measuring (6) and guard cells (5), is taken into account in the overall balance of the membrane.
  • the deformation is measured along the measurement cell (15), taking into account the mean value of the deformation of the probe, which is a function of the distance from the ends.
  • the deformation is maximum at the center of the probe, and zero at the extremities.
  • the different stages of the process are represented on the flow diagram of FIG. 13.
  • the first measurement block consists of measuring the deformation force when empty of the probe.
  • the second and third blocks repeated sequentially, constitute the measure itself.
  • the correction blocks correspond to the calculations presented above and constitute a processing of the measurement which makes it possible to obtain the corrected pressure and deformation of the terrain and a curve similar to that shown in Figure 3.
  • the corrected pressure and strain results, as well as pressure and pressure variation as a function of time, are represented in FIG. 14.
  • the creep pressure P f is determined as the change in slope on the pressure strain variation graph (b), or on the pressure strain rate graph at constant imposed pressure.
  • P f corresponds to the end of the linear relation pressure deformation (at point D of figure 3) and to the beginning of the nonlinear relation between pressure and deformation (a).

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Bohrtestverfahren, gekennzeichnet daduch, daß die Korrekturphase der Meßwerte aus folgenden Gängen besteht:
    Korrektur des Druckwerts um den Leerverformungswert der Sonde;
    Korrektur des Druckwerts um den Wert des hydraulischen Höhenunterschieds;
    Korrektur des Druckwerts um den Wert der Grundwasserdicke;
    Korrektur des Druckwerts aufgrund des Einflusses der Membranendicke;
    Korrektur des Druckwerts aufgrund des Einflusses des Längenunterschieds zwischen dem verformbaren Teil der Sonde und dem von Flüssigkeiten belasteten Teil;
    Korrektur des Druckwerts aufgrund des Einflusses des Druckunterschiedes zwischen den benutzten Flüssigkeiten;
    Korrektur des Druckwerts aufgrund des Einflusses der elastischen und der plastischen Bodenreaktion;
    Korrektur des Verformungswerts um den Wert der Rohverformung;
    Korrektur des Verformungswerts um den Einfluß durch den Unterschied zwischen Gesamtverformung der Sonde und deren durchschnittlicher Verformung im Meßteil.
  2. Verfahren gemäß Beanspruchung 1, bei welchem die Neigung der linearen Relation zwischen korrigierten Druck- und Verformungswerten errechnet wird, wie sie im umkehrbaren und elastischen Belastung-Entlastungszyklus ermittelt wurden, wodurch der Schermodul des Bodens errechnet werden kann.
  3. Verfahren nach Beanspruchung 1, bei welchem der Kriechdruck ermittelt wird entweder an der geänderten Neigung der Druck- Verformungsschwankungen-Kurve mit korrgierten Werten oder am Übergang vom linearen zum nicht linearen Teil der Druck-Verformung-Kurve mit korrigierten Werten, oder beides gleichzeitig.
  4. Verfahren gemäß Beanspruchungen 1 und 3, bei welchem der innere Reibewinkel des Bodens ermittelt wird aufgrund der Neigung der Geraden, durch die die korrigierten Druck- und Verformungswerte für Druckwerte jenseits des Kriechdruckwerts verbunden werden.
  5. Verfahren nach Beanspruchungen 1, 3 und 4, bei welchem die unterschiedlichen Werte des inneren Reibewinkels je nach wachsender oder abnehmender Tiefe der durchgeführten Versuche auf einem Blatt Papier ermitttelt werden.
EP90911289A 1989-07-12 1990-07-05 Verfahren zum testen einer bohrung Expired - Lifetime EP0482074B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8909674A FR2649753B1 (fr) 1989-07-12 1989-07-12 Procede d'essai de forage
FR8909674 1989-07-12
PCT/FR1990/000508 WO1991000951A1 (fr) 1989-07-12 1990-07-05 Procede d'essai de forage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0482074A1 EP0482074A1 (de) 1992-04-29
EP0482074B1 true EP0482074B1 (de) 1998-03-11

Family

ID=9383902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90911289A Expired - Lifetime EP0482074B1 (de) 1989-07-12 1990-07-05 Verfahren zum testen einer bohrung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0482074B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE163989T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69032132D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2649753B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1991000951A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2798698B1 (fr) * 1999-09-22 2001-11-02 Gaiatech Procede et appareil d'essai de terrain a partir d'un forage
RU2188320C1 (ru) * 2001-01-22 2002-08-27 Овчинников Марат Николаевич Способ определения распределения давления и границ неоднородностей пласта (варианты)
FR2895011B1 (fr) * 2005-12-15 2008-03-07 Fugro Geotechnique Sa Pressiometre de precision automatise
FR2914419B1 (fr) * 2007-03-30 2009-10-23 Datc Europ Sa Dispositif de protection d'une sonde geotechnique ou geophysique

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1402119A (fr) * 1964-04-30 1965-06-11 Electricite De France Appareil d'essai du comportement mécanique statique d'un matériau à profondeur variable à partir d'un forage
FR2481453A1 (fr) * 1980-04-25 1981-10-30 Sev I Stroite Procede de determination des caracteristiques de deformabilite des materiaux de construction et des sols
EP0146324A3 (de) * 1983-12-20 1986-07-09 Shosei Serata Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Messen in situ von Erdspannungen und Eigenschaften durch Anwendung einer Bohrlochsonde
FR2583876B1 (fr) * 1985-06-21 1988-06-03 Sopena Procede et dispositif de mesure des caracteristiques de cisaillement d'un sol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2649753A1 (fr) 1991-01-18
ATE163989T1 (de) 1998-03-15
DE69032132D1 (de) 1998-04-16
EP0482074A1 (de) 1992-04-29
FR2649753B1 (fr) 1991-10-11
WO1991000951A1 (fr) 1991-01-24

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