Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
  • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for the production of a cellulosic molding, in which a cellulosic amine oxide solution is pressed through a nozzle, then passed through an air gap, optionally stretched therein and finally coagulated in a precipitation bath.
• fibers with good performance properties can only be obtained from high polymers if a "fiber structure" can be achieved (Ullmann, 5th edition vol. A10, 456).
• a fiber structure can be achieved (Ullmann, 5th edition vol. A10, 456).
• melt spinning the fibers are stretched in the warm, plastic state while the molecules are still mobile. Dissolved polymers can be spun dry or wet. In dry spinning, drawing takes place while the solvent escapes or evaporates; the threads extruded into a coagulation bath are drawn during the coagulation. Methods of this type are known and have been extensively described. In all these cases it is important that the transition from the liquid state (regardless of whether melt or solution) to the solid state takes place in such a way that the polymer chains or chain packages (i.e. fibrids, fibrils, etc.) are oriented during the formation of the thread can be.
• EP-A-295 672 describes the production of aramid fibers, which are introduced and stretched through an air gap into a non-coagulating medium are then coagulated.
• DD-PS 218 121 deals with the spinning of cellulose in amine oxides via an air gap, measures being taken to prevent sticking.
• a disadvantage of this process is that extremely high take-off speeds are required in order to achieve appropriate textile properties and fineness of the threads. Furthermore, it has been shown in practice that a long air gap on the one hand leads to fiber sticking and on the other hand leads to spinning insecurity and thread breakage in the case of high warpage. Precautions are therefore required to prevent this.
• a method of this type is described in AT-PS 365 663 (or in equivalent US-PS 4,261,943). For large-scale production, however, the number of holes in a spinneret must be very high. In such a case, precautions to prevent the surface stickiness of the freshly extruded threads which enter the precipitant through an air gap are completely inadequate.
• the minimum hole diameter of the nozzle used is at most 150 ⁇ m, preferably at most 70 ⁇ m, and the length of the nozzle channel is at least 1000 ⁇ m, preferably about 1500 ⁇ m.
• the subsequent air gap can be kept short: its length is expediently at most 35 mm, preferably at most 10 mm. This greatly reduces the susceptibility to faults; there are only significantly lower titre fluctuations and therefore no more thread breaks; Because of the shorter air gap, adjacent threads can no longer stick together, so that the hole density in the spinneret can be increased, which increases productivity.
• the spun thread also has good textile properties: it was found that the elongation at break in particular can be improved. Work capacity - d. H. the product of elongation and strength - behaves inversely proportional to the hole diameter. Furthermore, the loop strength and the associated elongation at break improve, which results in improved abrasion resistance of the fabrics spun from these fibers. These properties also improve with decreasing hole diameters.
• the nozzle channel is preferably widened conically on the inlet side and cylindrical on the outlet side.
• the use of such nozzles is recommended because of the simpler manufacture; it is difficult to z. B. 1500 microns long nozzle with a diameter of only z. B. 100 microns.
• a nozzle in which the minimum diameter is only provided on the outlet side (e.g. to 1/4 or 1/3 of the length) and which widens conically towards the inlet side is much easier to manufacture and also delivers good results.
• Examples 1 to 3 are only for comparison, Examples 4 to 6 are examples according to the invention.
• the outstanding value of 47.8 for the conditioned fiber strength in Example 6 should be particularly emphasized; Such a value is only reached with a delay of 100 with conventional nozzles!
• Examples 1 to 3 shows immediately that the elongation at break is also improved by using nozzles according to the invention. Furthermore, it can be seen from Examples 4 to 6 that the product of strength and elongation at break (FFk * FDk), the loop strength and the elongation at break increase in the measurement of the loop strength with decreasing hole diameter.
• a comparison of Example 1 with Example 5 shows that these values can also be improved by using long-channel nozzles according to the invention compared to nozzles with a short channel of the same diameter.
• Examples 2 and 3 show that with a small nozzle channel length, the fiber properties depend on the distortion in the air gap; they get better as the default increases.
• Examples 4 and 5 show that, under comparable conditions (warpage, hole diameter), all textile properties - except the elongation at break - are significantly improved by a long-channel nozzle according to the invention.
• Example 6 shows that by using a small hole diameter of 50 microns, all textile properties are significantly improved.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=3479723

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (24)

Cited By (17)

Families Citing this family (38)

Family Cites Families (14)

• 1991
  • 1991-01-09 AT AT0003291A patent/AT395863B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1991-12-30 ZA ZA9110195A patent/ZA9110195B/xx unknown
  • 1991-12-31 SI SI9112009A patent/SI9112009A/sl unknown
  • 1991-12-31 YU YU200991A patent/YU47623B/sh unknown
• 1992
  • 1992-01-06 CZ CS9222A patent/CZ282528B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-01-06 SK SK22-92A patent/SK279852B6/sk unknown
  • 1992-01-07 RO RO149074A patent/RO107701B1/ro unknown
  • 1992-01-07 PH PH43737A patent/PH29990A/en unknown
  • 1992-01-08 PL PL92293115A patent/PL169309B1/pl unknown
  • 1992-01-08 HU HU9200064A patent/HU212340B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-01-08 JP JP4001349A patent/JPH04308220A/ja active Pending
  • 1992-01-08 FI FI920072A patent/FI97155C/fi active
  • 1992-01-08 RU SU925010647A patent/RU2072006C1/ru active
  • 1992-01-08 US US07/817,937 patent/US5252284A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-01-08 NO NO920108A patent/NO303696B1/no unknown
  • 1992-01-08 BR BR929200043A patent/BR9200043A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1992-01-08 CA CA002059043A patent/CA2059043A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1992-01-09 TR TR00016/92A patent/TR27259A/xx unknown
  • 1992-01-09 EP EP92890004A patent/EP0494852B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-01-09 ES ES92890004T patent/ES2072746T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1992-01-09 BG BG095746A patent/BG60111B2/bg unknown
  • 1992-01-09 DE DE59202175T patent/DE59202175D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1992-01-09 DK DK92890004.2T patent/DK0494852T3/da active
  • 1992-01-09 MX MX9200080A patent/MX9200080A/es unknown

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