EP0496092A2 - Elektrostatischer Abgasreiniger - Google Patents

Elektrostatischer Abgasreiniger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0496092A2
EP0496092A2 EP91121943A EP91121943A EP0496092A2 EP 0496092 A2 EP0496092 A2 EP 0496092A2 EP 91121943 A EP91121943 A EP 91121943A EP 91121943 A EP91121943 A EP 91121943A EP 0496092 A2 EP0496092 A2 EP 0496092A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cleaner according
electrostatic cleaner
electrodes
particulate material
polluting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91121943A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0496092A3 (en
Inventor
Giannantonio Nardotto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0496092A2 publication Critical patent/EP0496092A2/de
Publication of EP0496092A3 publication Critical patent/EP0496092A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/78—Cleaning the electrodes by washing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/10—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of electrodes moving during separating action
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/66—Applications of electricity supply techniques
    • B03C3/68—Control systems therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrostatic cleaner for eliminating particles of solid material of any size and kind suspended in air or in a gaseous fluid.
  • Devices of this type are suitable for use in working environments in which considerable amounts of dust-like materials and polluting fumes are dispersed.
  • Electrostatic cleaners of the above described type are known, such as the one described in the Italian industrial invention patent no. 1220153 in the name of Expansion Electronic S.r.l., wherein elimination of the polluting material is based on the concept of electrostatic precipitation.
  • the air or gas are forced by means of a fan or of external compressors into the inlet of an elimination chamber, in which they initially pass through a grille for filtering large-size particles and then through an ionization device which is suitable for electrostatically charging the particulate material by means of one or more wire electrodes.
  • the residual electrically charged particles dispersed in the flow are then conveyed toward a precipitation region, where they are attracted and collected on plate electrodes or the like which face one another and are subjected to an electric potential difference in order to generate an electrostatic field of preset power.
  • the air, cleaned of the particles precipitated onto the electrodes, is finally expelled from the device and recycled into the environment or is expelled directly outside.
  • the intensity of the electrostatic field in fact decreases in the course of time and the filtration efficiency of the device decreases progressively.
  • a further problem is constituted by the fact that known electrostatic cleaners cannot generally operate in painting areas, where the resinous materials dispersed in the air would coat the electrodes in a very short time, polymerizing on the ground ones and making them difficult to clean.
  • the aim of the present invention is indeed to eliminate the problems described above by providing an electrostatic cleaner which can operate continuously and with high reliability.
  • a particular object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic cleaner which allows to keep its collecting electrodes always clean in any environment.
  • Not least object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic cleaner which is constructively simple and requires minimal maintenance so as to be advantageous from a merely economic point of view.
  • an electrostatic cleaner for eliminating polluting particulate material suspended in air or in a gaseous fluid, comprising an elimination chamber with an inlet and an outlet, means for generating a gaseous flow through said chamber, means for electrostatically charging the polluting particulate material at the inlet of said chamber, at least one pair of opposite electrodes with a different electric potential in order to collect the polluting particulate material on at least one of said electrodes, comprising means for the continuous or discontinuous removal of the polluting particulate material deposited on one or more of the collecting electrodes.
  • the collecting electrode or electrodes which are electrically connected to the ground, can move with respect to the other electrodes at a preset potential.
  • the means for removing the polluting material are furthermore of the wet type and comprise a collecting tank for a washing fluid in which said movable electrodes are at least partially immersed.
  • the movable collecting electrode is constituted by a series of parallel and mutually adjacent planar plates which are mutually coupled by a central conductor which defines a rotation axis for the electrode.
  • planar plates of the movable electrode are immersed in the elimination chamber with their upper part, so as to collect the particulate material, and in the washing liquid tank with their remaining lower part, in order to allow the polluting material to sediment continuously.
  • said movement means are automatic and are functionally coupled to the means for adjusting and controlling the supply voltage.
  • an electrostatic cleaner By means of an electrostatic cleaner according to the present invention, elimination of the particulate material suspended in the gaseous fluid is continuous and can be performed on materials of any type and kind, even metallic and/or resinous ones.
  • the intensity of the electrostatic field generated by the plate electrodes is furthermore optimum and is continuously adapted to the actual conditions of concentration by weight of the polluting material.
  • the electrostatic cleaner according to the invention comprises an outer shell 2, made of metal plate or of another equivalent material, which internally defines a chamber 3 for the flow of air or of another gaseous fluid which contains polluting particles of various sizes and kinds having conducting or insulating electric properties.
  • the chamber 3 is open at its ends and has an inlet 4 and an outlet 5. It can be furthermore provided with a fan, schematically designated by the numeral 6, at one of the end openings in order to convey the gaseous flow through the chamber 3 in the direction indicated by the arrow G.
  • a fan schematically designated by the numeral 6
  • the air or gaseous fluid can be forced into the chamber 3 by means of external aspiration or compression means.
  • An ionizing grid 7 is arranged proximate to the inlet 4 and comprises a series of electric wires 8 which have a preset electrostatic potential in order to ionize the gas and electrostatically charge the particles dispersed in the fluid; said wires may possibly be protected by shields 9.
  • a coarse filtration panel may possibly be arranged ahead of the ionizing grid 7.
  • Electrodes Inside the elimination chamber 3 there are at least two electrodes, preferably two series of mutually facing electrodes which have electrostatic potentials with opposite signs, in order to collect the polluting particulate material, which has been preliminarily charged electrostatically, on one of said electrodes.
  • the first series of electrodes 10 is constituted by a plurality of planar elements 11 made of metal plate which have an approximately rectangular shape and are connected to one another and to one of the terminals of an external voltage source.
  • the second series of electrodes 12 is constituted by a plurality of planar plates 13 which have an approximately circular shape and are arranged mutually side by side in the interspaces comprised between the planar elements 11 of the first series 10.
  • the planar plates 13 of the series 12 extend further downward with respect to the corresponding planar elements 11 of the series 10, so that only the upper portion 13' of said plates faces the planar elements.
  • the plates 13 are furthermore mutually connected by a central conductor 14, which is in turn arranged in contact with the other terminal of said voltage source, and are grounded to the shell 2 of the cleaner.
  • An electrostatic field of preset power suitable for collecting the polluting particulate material on the faces of one of the series of electrodes, in particular on the portions 13' of the planar plates 13 at non-zero potential, will thus be generated between the electrodes of the two series 10 and 12 which have potentials with opposite or in any case different signs.
  • a peculiar characteristic of the present invention consists of the fact that it provides means for the continuous or discontinuous removal of the polluting particulate material deposited on the collecting electrodes.
  • said means are of the wet type and comprise a tank 17 for collecting a washing liquid which is suitable for continuously removing the material deposited on the surfaces of the electrodes 13, so as to keep cleaning effectiveness substantially unchanged.
  • the series of electrodes 12 can move with respect to the series of fixed electrodes 10 so as to periodically subject all the regions of the collecting electrodes to the necessary washing.
  • the central conductor 14 which connects the series of planar plates 13 is supported by terminal bearings 15 and 16 which are rigidly associated with the shell 2 of the cleaner, so as to allow the series of electrodes 12 to rotate.
  • the part of the plates 13 which is located in the lower region 13' and is immersed in the liquid will be progressively rotated so as to occupy the position of the upper part 13'' which faces the fixed electrodes 11, and vice versa, continuing the washing cycle indefinitely during uninterrupted operation.
  • the tank 17 is divided into an upper part 18 and into a lower part 19 which are separated by a perforated plate 20 in order to allow the material removed by the washing liquid L to sediment and collect in the lower part 19.
  • the liquid can be constituted by water with the possible addition of surface-active products, or by appropriate diluents in order to remove from the plates resinous materials or materials which strongly adhere to said plates, such as paints or the like.
  • Holes 21 and 22 with related discharge valves are provided in order to allow periodic removal of the sludge sedimented in the lower part 18 of the tank and in order to replace the washing liquid.
  • the axial conductor 14 is coupled to a gearmotor 23 of a per se known type which is supplied by an external electric power source.
  • scraping means 24 such as rubber brushes or the like, which act on the opposite faces of the collecting plates 13 so as to ensure the complete drainage of the liquid from the collecting surfaces together with the particles of material dissolved therein.
  • the means for removing the polluting particulate material are of the dry type.
  • the scraping brushes it is possible to provide brushes or other means suitable for removing the materials deposited on the movable electrodes.
  • This embodiment is preferable for purifying environments with polluting materials such as sawdust and quartz, which are difficult to remove with wet methods.
  • FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a possible embodiment of the electric circuit of the electrostatic cleaner according to the invention.
  • the series of electrodes 10 and 12 are connected respectively to the terminals of a voltage source 30 by means of electric lines 31 and 32, the second of which is connected to the ground.
  • a voltage regulator R is inserted along the line 31 and can be actuated manually or automatically according to the concentration c of the polluting material, possibly detected by means of appropriate probes or experimental tests.
  • a current signal which is proportional to the value of the potential difference on the collecting electrodes 12 and is controlled by the regulator R is sent along the line 33 to a speed variator V, also of a per se known type, which varies the supply current of the gearmotor M so as to vary its rotation rate.
  • the rate can be varied either continuously or discontinuously by means of programmed pulses in order to obtain stepwise rotation.
  • the position and rotation rate of the collecting electrodes 12 is thus fedback by the value of the voltage applied to the plates, which in turn depends on the concentration by weight of the polluting material.
  • the means for moving the collecting plates are functionally coupled to the means for adjusting and controlling the supply voltage so as to adapt, automatically and at all times, the relative movement of the series of collecting electrodes to changes in the pollution conditions of the environment, keeping the effectiveness of the cleaner substantially and continuously unchanged.
  • the device according to the invention fully achieves the intended aim, since the uninterrupted operation of the cleaner in optimum functional conditions is obtained by virtue of the continuous washing of the collecting electrodes and of their relative movement with respect to the other series of electrodes according to the concentration by weight of the polluting particulate material dispersed in the air or gas to be purified.
  • the electrostatic cleaner thus conceived is susceptible to numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the inventive concept defined in the accompanying claims.
  • the voltage regulator R may furthermore be provided with acoustic or optical indicators in order to indicate elimination voltage values lower than preset limits which correspond to the maximum allowable pollution of the electrodes.
  • the shape of the collecting plates may also differ from the circular one; for example, it may be square or polygonal, and in this case it is convenient to give a stepwise manual or automatic rotation to the central conductor 14 by means of a step motor which operates discontinuously with programmable pulses.
  • a programmable timer in order to vary the voltage and rotation rate of the collecting electrodes so as to adapt them to working hours and to their pollution hours, also according to the time of the year.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
EP19910121943 1991-01-25 1991-12-20 Electrostatic gas cleaner Withdrawn EP0496092A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVI910017A IT1247069B (it) 1991-01-25 1991-01-25 Depuratore elettrostatico
ITVI910017 1991-01-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0496092A2 true EP0496092A2 (de) 1992-07-29
EP0496092A3 EP0496092A3 (en) 1992-10-21

Family

ID=11424515

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910121943 Withdrawn EP0496092A3 (en) 1991-01-25 1991-12-20 Electrostatic gas cleaner

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0496092A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1247069B (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0703006A1 (de) * 1994-09-20 1996-03-27 Chang, Chin-chu Elektrostatischer Abscheider
WO2006134627A1 (ja) 2005-06-13 2006-12-21 Zesu Giko Co., Ltd. 電気集塵器
WO2007014402A1 (en) * 2005-07-25 2007-02-01 Francoi Eberhardt Du Plessis Method of and control system for controlling electrostatic separator
US7297185B2 (en) * 2004-03-03 2007-11-20 Zesu Giko Co., Ltd. Electrostatic dust precipitator
CN103008316A (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 吴江兰瑞特纺织品有限公司 一种悬挂式纤维收集槽
CN106288003A (zh) * 2016-08-02 2017-01-04 王彦宸 空气净化器及空气净化方法
AT519542A4 (de) * 2017-03-07 2018-08-15 Univ Wien Bodenkultur Abscheideverfahren, Abscheidevorrichtung und Anordnung einer Abscheidevorrichtung mit einer Holzbearbeitungsmaschine
JPWO2021153155A1 (de) * 2020-01-30 2021-08-05
WO2022230655A1 (ja) * 2021-04-26 2022-11-03 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 微粒子サンプリング装置および微粒子サンプリング方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTO20020920A1 (it) * 2002-10-22 2004-04-23 C F R Societa Consortile Per Azioni Impianto di condizionamento e ventilazione di un abitacolo di un veicolo.
CN117358423A (zh) * 2023-10-27 2024-01-09 中国航空规划设计研究总院有限公司 一种垃圾焚烧电厂电气系统抗干扰装置及方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB733984A (en) * 1953-10-21 1955-07-20 Air Maze Corp Rotary electrostatic filter
JPS57204246A (en) * 1981-06-10 1982-12-14 Hitachi Plant Eng & Constr Co Ltd Moving electrode type electric dust collecting apparatus
DE3942134C1 (de) * 1989-12-20 1990-11-08 Lta Lufttechnik Gmbh, 7590 Achern, De

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0703006A1 (de) * 1994-09-20 1996-03-27 Chang, Chin-chu Elektrostatischer Abscheider
US7297185B2 (en) * 2004-03-03 2007-11-20 Zesu Giko Co., Ltd. Electrostatic dust precipitator
EP1721678A4 (de) * 2004-03-03 2009-04-01 Zesu Giko Co Ltd Elektrostatischer staubabscheider
WO2006134627A1 (ja) 2005-06-13 2006-12-21 Zesu Giko Co., Ltd. 電気集塵器
JPWO2006134627A1 (ja) * 2005-06-13 2009-01-08 株式会社是須技工 電気集塵器
EP1892044A4 (de) * 2005-06-13 2010-03-17 Zesu Giko Co Ltd Elektrostatischer abscheider
JP4744520B2 (ja) * 2005-06-13 2011-08-10 株式会社是須技工 電気集塵器
WO2007014402A1 (en) * 2005-07-25 2007-02-01 Francoi Eberhardt Du Plessis Method of and control system for controlling electrostatic separator
AU2006272493B2 (en) * 2005-07-25 2009-10-22 Blue Cube Intellectual Property Company (Pty) Ltd Method of and control system for controlling electrostatic separator
CN103008316A (zh) * 2012-12-11 2013-04-03 吴江兰瑞特纺织品有限公司 一种悬挂式纤维收集槽
CN106288003A (zh) * 2016-08-02 2017-01-04 王彦宸 空气净化器及空气净化方法
AT519542A4 (de) * 2017-03-07 2018-08-15 Univ Wien Bodenkultur Abscheideverfahren, Abscheidevorrichtung und Anordnung einer Abscheidevorrichtung mit einer Holzbearbeitungsmaschine
AT519542B1 (de) * 2017-03-07 2018-08-15 Univ Wien Bodenkultur Abscheideverfahren, Abscheidevorrichtung und Anordnung einer Abscheidevorrichtung mit einer Holzbearbeitungsmaschine
JPWO2021153155A1 (de) * 2020-01-30 2021-08-05
WO2021153155A1 (ja) * 2020-01-30 2021-08-05 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 微粒子サンプリング装置および微粒子サンプリング方法
CN115004002A (zh) * 2020-01-30 2022-09-02 松下知识产权经营株式会社 微粒采样装置及微粒采样方法
US12158407B2 (en) 2020-01-30 2024-12-03 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Fine-particle sampling device having an arrangement of first and second electrodes and method of sampling fine particles
CN115004002B (zh) * 2020-01-30 2025-08-12 松下知识产权经营株式会社 微粒采样装置及微粒采样方法
WO2022230655A1 (ja) * 2021-04-26 2022-11-03 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 微粒子サンプリング装置および微粒子サンプリング方法
JPWO2022230655A1 (de) * 2021-04-26 2022-11-03

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITVI910017A0 (it) 1991-01-25
EP0496092A3 (en) 1992-10-21
IT1247069B (it) 1994-12-12
ITVI910017A1 (it) 1992-07-25

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