EP0500444B2 - Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk - Google Patents

Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0500444B2
EP0500444B2 EP92400417A EP92400417A EP0500444B2 EP 0500444 B2 EP0500444 B2 EP 0500444B2 EP 92400417 A EP92400417 A EP 92400417A EP 92400417 A EP92400417 A EP 92400417A EP 0500444 B2 EP0500444 B2 EP 0500444B2
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Prior art keywords
walls
elements
tubular structure
supports
central
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP92400417A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0500444A1 (de
EP0500444B1 (de
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Marcel Matière
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a tubular structure buried by assembling longitudinal elements prefabricated and having a large width relative to its height, such a structure being able to have important dimensions, in particular, for the passage of two parallel traffic lanes road.
  • the invention is more particularly adapted to the realization of structures of rectangular section.
  • European patent EP 081.402 describes a process for producing tubular structures can have very large sections and consisting of adjacent sections each comprising, in a preferred embodiment, two side units with vertical side wall, placed on either side of a raft, and on which is placed a curved element in the shape of a vault. same for very large sections, such elements remain transportable if their width is limited to road gauge because they can be stacked, in the lengthwise, on a road trailer.
  • We must, however, have at least two molds, one for the side elements and one for the arch elements, and possibly a mold to strike it out.
  • each section of the duct consists of two elements, respectively a lower element forming a raft which is pulls up on its edges to provide two supports longitudinal and a top element in the form of vault resting by its lateral edges on said supports.
  • top shaped element of vo0te allows to carry on the sides a part of the efforts supported and, therefore, of reduce the thickness of the top wall.
  • the subject of the invention is a provision allowing to economically resolve the whole of these problems and realize structures large tubular, having a cross-section flattened, preferably rectangular, and formed elements of a single type, which can be produced in the same mold, such structures can be buried under an embankment for constitute, for example, underground passages for vehicles or very large nozzles dimensions for the passage of a river or the evacuation floods, for example in the event of a crossing of a valley by a highway or a lane railroad laid on an embankment.
  • the invention therefore relates to a tubular structure buried large, especially for the passage of two traffic lanes of vehicles, produced by assembling elements prefabricated longitudinal sections constituting adjacent sections placed end to end, each section consisting, in cross section, of two substantially identical molded elements, open box shape comprising a part flat central unit, two side walls and one wall central, substantially perpendicular to the part flat central, respectively a lower element resting on the ground by its central part and a returned upper element supported by ends of its side and center walls on the corresponding ends respectively of side and central walls of the lower element, so as to constitute three separate supports formed each of a pair of overlapping walls, the walls of two supports directly resting on one on the other and covering a fixed height, and the third support being associated with adjustment means at least temporary the height of the two overlapping walls, capable of ensuring distribution equal constraints applied on three supports depending on the loads applied, foreseeable deformations and settlements.
  • the means for adjusting the height of the third pair of walls include a support device intermediate, adjustable thickness, interposed between the opposite ends of said walls for the adjustment, at least temporarily, of the distance between these and the height of said third support.
  • Such devices can be of a type known used for the recovery in underpinning of foundations of a building and described for example in documents JP-A-60,119,827 or US-A-4,191,496.
  • each intermediate support device consists of at least one hydraulic cylinder or mechanical, with two moving parts axially with respect to each other and taking support respectively one on the lower element and the other on the upper element of the structure.
  • the two elements superimposed, respectively lower and upper have profiles substantially identical and are made of concrete in the same mold, and two of the longitudinal supports have ends with inverted profiles, respectively recessed and protruding, likely to commit one to the other to the installation of the element upper on the lower element, the ends in opposite constituting the third longitudinal support being symmetrical with respect to a median plane passing through the other two longitudinal supports.
  • At least one of the three longitudinal supports constituted by the superimposed side and central walls have an intermediate bar interposed between the ends of the corresponding walls, these last being shorter than the other two walls so as to leave between said ends when placing the elements, a space in which placed the bar, it having an equal height or slightly greater than that of said space, that is to say double the distance between the end of the wall and the plane passing through the lateral supports.
  • such an intermediate bar can be limited by two longitudinal edges convex profile, the end of the central wall having a corresponding concave longitudinal profile which allows to admit slight displacements or deformations of the two elements relative to each other, for example as a result of differential settlements.
  • Figure 1 which is not the invention, is a cross-sectional view of a structure.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a mold for the production of an element.
  • Figure 3 is a detail view showing a variant.
  • Figure 4 is an elevational view, partially in longitudinal section, of a structure provided an adjustable intermediate support device.
  • Figures 5 and 6 are detailed views, in longitudinal section and in section respectively transverse of a variant of the support device intermediate.
  • Figure 7 shows, in perspective, another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS 8 and 9 show still others embodiments of the central support.
  • Figure 10 shows a face structure upper inclined.
  • Figure 1 there is shown in section transverse, a structure comprising two adjoining sections for the passage of vehicles.
  • Structure 1 is placed on bottom 11, leveled and packed, with a trench 12 and covered with a embankment 13 which can be passed below a lane 14 of road traffic or rail.
  • Structure 1 can, as shown in Figure 1, use for passing vehicles or well of a river, for example in a valley, for the evacuation of floods.
  • Structure 1 is made up of elements reinforced concrete precast, made of industrialized and assembled on site, and includes, for each cross section, a pair of overlapping elements, respectively a lower element 2 and an upper element 2 '. These two elements have identical shapes, the element upper 2 'being simply returned before to be placed on the lower element 2.
  • Each element 2 is molded into a single part and has a flat central part 21 bordered on both sides by two side walls vertical 22, 23, and in the middle of which rises a central wall 24, the entire box thus having a double U section which opens upwards for the lower element 2 resting on the ground 11 by its base 21, and which opens towards the bottom for the upper element 2 'returned, and comprises therefore a flat central part 21 'bordered by two side walls 22 ', 23', and split in two by a central wall 24 '.
  • the two elements 2, 2 ' having sections identical, after flipping, the upper element 2 'rests by the ends 4', 3 ', of its walls side 23 ', 22', respectively on the ends 3, 4, side walls 22, 23, of the element lower 21, the central walls 24 ', 24, taking support one on the other by their ends 5 ', 5.
  • Each pair of superimposed elements 21, 21 ' therefore constitutes a section of gallery comprising two adjoining sections S1, S2, and, placing the one after the other, along a longitudinal axis x'x, a number of pairs of elements A, A '; B, B '; CC' ; ..., we can constitute a tubular structure comprising two adjoining sections S1, S2, and having a rectangular section whose width L can be large compared to height H and, for example, exceed double of it.
  • elements comprising a flat central part, two side walls and one central wall, and likely to constitute the element upper and lower element of a section double gallery.
  • the two superimposed elements 2 and 2 ' can be cast in the same mold 14, easy to design, and consists for example of a fixed base on which are fixed walls of formwork 15 making it possible to give element 2 the desired shape and dimensions, inserts 16 being provided for the shuttering of the ends 3, 4, 5, vertical walls 22, 23, 24.
  • the end 5 of the central wall 24 must be symmetrical with respect to the passing plane by the two lateral supports 3, 4.
  • the end 5 has a flat bearing face 50 which is placed in this plane.
  • the box is more rigid on its edges than in its central part and account must be taken of the loads transmitted by the embankment, overloads and, possibly differential settlements.
  • the invention provides various embodiments ensuring good distribution charges.
  • Figure 4 which is a longitudinal section a gallery made up of several adjacent cells A, A '; B, B '; CC' ; ..., shows such a mode particularly advantageous of the support central.
  • the central walls 24, 24 ', of the two elements 2, 2 ' have a slightly lower height to that of the side walls 22, 23, so that the ends 5, 5 ′ of the central walls 24, 24 ', are separated by a space e when the element upper 2 'is placed on the lower element 2.
  • recesses 51 are arranged along from the end 5 of the central wall 24 so as to form, when the upper element 2 ′ is turned over, a housing consisting of two recesses in opposite 51, 51 ', and in which a hydraulic cylinder 52, the two elements of which take support, in opposite directions, on the ends 5, 5 ', of the two walls 24, 24'.
  • the cylinders 52 thus constitute, between the walls central units 24, 24 ', of the two elements 2, 2', superimposed, an intermediate thickness support device adjustable which allows, after installing the element upper 2 'on the lower element 2, to act over the distance e between the ends 5, 5 ', central walls so as to modify the distribution constraints on the three supports 3, 4 '; 5.5 '; 4, 3 ', for example to ensure an even distribution or, if preferred, to increase the stresses applied on the central support when unloading lateral supports.
  • the intermediate support 5, 5 ' can be blocked in this position for example by interposing shims between the ends 5, 5 ', or, simply, by performing a concrete keying, the ends 5, 5 ', which can optionally be provided, as shown in Figure 5, of reinforcement 53 who are drowned in a mortar using suitable formwork elements.
  • the cylinders 52 can be removed.
  • This adjustment of the stress distribution on the three supports can be performed either at the installation of each cell, i.e. after several cells covering a significant length and possibly of the whole structure. For example, this adjustment can be made after completion of embankment 13 so as to take account of differential settlements that have occurred and, possibly correct them.
  • the intermediate support device can be achieved in different ways.
  • the cylinders 52 can be replaced by an elongated envelope inflatable 54 interposed between the ends 5, 5 ', and extending over almost the entire length of the central wall 24, 24 ′, leaving the remaining at both ends of parts 55, possibly fitted with pending fittings 53 which can be chocked and concreted after adjusting the height of the support, the inflatable envelope 54 then being removed and the corresponding space possibly concreted.
  • the intermediate supports 5, 5 ' are perfectly symmetrical and therefore allow to realize the two elements 2, 2 ', of each cell in a same mold.
  • FIG 7 another example of symmetrical intermediate support.
  • the central wall 24 is, on at least one part of its length, shorter than the walls side 22, 23.
  • the ends 5, 5', of the two central walls 24, 24 ' are separated by a space in which can be placed a bar intermediary 6 ensuring the transfer of efforts and height equal to that of said space, that is to say at double the distance between the end 5 of the wall central 24 and plane P passing through the supports side 3, 4.
  • the height of the bar 6 can also be a little bit higher so that after the installation, the central support is more loaded than the supports lateral.
  • the two longitudinal edges 61, 62 thereof have a transverse profile forming a projection 25 and engaging, when laying, in the 5, 5 'ends, walls 24, 24 ', these being provided with grooves 26 having a corresponding hollow profile.
  • the olive bar 6 can be oriented slightly compared to the two overlapping elements 2, 2 ', which allows to take into account displacements or deformations due, for example, to differential settlements and to avoid stress concentrations that could cause cracks.
  • cylinders constituting an intermediate support of adjustable height could be interposed between the ends side walls, the central support being fixed.
  • the end 5 of the wall central 24 could be provided with a lateral boss 27 giving it, in cross section, a profile in staircase. After turning, the two bosses side 27, 27 ', are placed on either side of the longitudinal median plane and engage one in the other by centering the 5 'end on the end 5 of the lower wall 24.
  • the bosses 27 can extend over the entire along the wall 24 or on part of it, alternately on either side of the median plane, which ensures a better centering effect.
  • the invention applies, in a way general, to the realization of large structures width relative to their height and having a flattened section but this is not necessarily rectangular.
  • elements 2 if it is preferable to give elements 2 a rectangular section, this could also be, for example, trapezoidal, the walls side 22, 23, being inclined relative to the background 21.
  • a strip damping in slightly compressible material for example neoprene or lead.
  • a tape can act as a seal against infiltration but also allows, when the central support 5, 5 ', is raised, to absorb the vibrations and remove the hard spots for 'them vehicles passing over the structure on a traffic lane 14 which, most often, is very close to the upper face 21 'of the structure 1.
  • the invention also allows, thanks to the use of two superimposed double U elements, possibly adapt the inclination of the face 21 'higher than that of track 14 passing above of structure 1. Indeed, if it is preferable that the underside 21 resting on the ground is although horizontal, we can however play on the relative heights of the lateral supports 3, 4 '; 4, 3 ', by slightly pivoting the upper element 2 ' around the central support 5, 5 ', which, as we have seen, was provided for this purpose. As shown in Figure 10, it suffices, for example, to give different heights at the cushioning strips 27 interposed between the two lateral supports so that the upper face 21 'is inclined by relative to the underside 21, this inclination corresponding to that of channel 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Unterirdisches, grossdimensioniertes rohrförmiges Bauwerk, insbesondere zum Durchgang von zwei Verkehrsbahnen für Fahrzeuge, hergestellt durch den Zusammenbau von vorgefertigten Längselementen, die benachbarte stossweise angeordnete Abschnitte bilden, wobei jeder Abschnitt aus zwei im Querschnitt wesentlich identischen als offene kastenförmige Formteile (2, 2') ausgebildet ist, die aus einem ebenen Mittelteil (21), (21'), zwei Seitenwände (22, 23) (22', 23') und einer Zentralwand (24, 24') bestehen, die wesentlich senkrecht zum ebenen Mittelteil (21) verlaufen, je ein Unterteil (2) mit seinem auf dem Boden aufliegenden Mittelteil (21) und ein verkehrtes Oberteil (2'), das mit den Enden (4', 3', 5') seiner Seiten-(23', 22') und Zentralwände (24') auf den entsprechenden Enden (3, 4, 5) der Seiten- (22, 23) und Zentralwände (24) des Unterteils (2) derart zur Auflage kommt, dass dadurch drei im Abstand angeordnete je aus einem Paar übereinanderliegenden Wände bestehenden Auflagen gebildet werden, wobei die Wände von zwei Auflagen (22, 23', 23, 22') sich unmittelbar die eine auf der anderen abstützen und eine feste Höhe abdecken, und wobei der dritten Auflage (24, 24') Mittel (52, 54, 6) zur mindestens provisorischen Höheneinstellung der beiden übereinanderliegenden Wände zugeordnet sind, die geeignet ist entsprechend den beaufschlagten Lasten, den zu erwartenden Verformungen und den Setzungen eine gleichmässige Verteilung der mit Belastungen beaufschlagten drei Auflagen zu gewährleisten.
  2. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zur Höheneinstellung des dritten Wände-Paares (24, 24') aus einer dazwischengesetzten Abstützvorrichtung (52, 6) mit einstellbarer Dicke bestehen, die zwischen den Enden (5, 5') dieser gegenüberliegenden Wänden (24, 24') zur mindestens provisorischen Einstellung des Abstandes zwischen denselben und der Höhe dieser dritten Auflage eingefügt ist.
  3. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedem aus dem aufeinanderliegende Ober- (2') bzw. Unterteil (2) gebildete Paar eine dazwischengesetzte Abstützvorrichtung (52, 6) zwischen den Enden (5, 5') der zentralen Wände (24, 24') zugeordnet ist.
  4. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedem aus dem aufeinanderliegende Ober- (2') bzw. Unterteil (2) gebildete Paar mindestens eine dazwischengesetzte Abstützvorrichtung (52) (6) zugeordnet ist, die zwischen den Enden von einem Paar Seitenwände (22, 23) auf einer Seite des Bauwerkes (1) eingefügt ist.
  5. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Zwischenabstützvorrichtung aus mindestens einem Hydraulik- oder Mechanikzyliinder (5) besteht, der zwei axial zueinander verfahrbare Teile aufweist, wobei sich das eine auf dem unteren Element (2) und das andere auf dem oberen Element (2') abstützt.
  6. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Zwischenabstützvorrichtung aus einem langgestreckten aufblasbaren Mantel (54) besteht, der sich über mindestens ein Längsteil des Stosses zwischen den Enden (5, 5') gegenüber den Wänden (24, 24') der beiden übereinanderliegenden Elemente (2, 2') erstreckt.
  7. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischenabstützvorrichtung (52, 6) Mittel (53) zur endgültigen Blockierung der Enden (5, 5') gegenüder den die dritte Auflage bildenden Wände (24, 24') nach der Höheneinstellung der letzteren zugeordnet sind, wobei die Zwischenabstützvorrichtung (52, 6) nach der Blockierung herausgenommen wird.
  8. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden oberen (2') bzw. unteren (2) Elemente von jedem Paar im wesentlichen gleiche Profile aufweisen und aus Beton in einer Form gefertigt werden, dass zwei der Längsauflagen Ende (3, 4) mit einem verkehrten hohlen (31) und einem vorspringenden (41) Profil aufweisen, die beim Einbau des oberen Elementes (2') auf dem unteren Element (2) ineinander eingreifen können, und dass die die dritte Längsauflage bildenden gegenüberliegenden Enden (5, 5') zu einer durch die beiden anderen Längsauflagen (3, 4'; 4, 3') verlaufende Ebene (P) symmetrisch sind.
  9. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der drei durch die übereinanderliegenden Seiten- und Zentralwände gebildeten Längsauflagen (3, 3'; 4, 4'; 5, 5') einen zwischen den Enden (5, 5') der entsprechenden Wände (24, 24') dazwischengesetzten Steg (6) aufweist, wobei letztere kürzer als die beiden anderen Wände (22, 23) sind, sodass beim Einbau der Elemente zwischen diesen Enden (5, 5') ein Raum zur Aufnahme des Stegs (6) gebildet wird, wobei dessen Höhe mindestens derjenigen dieses Raumes entspricht.
  10. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zwischensteg (6) eine Höhe aufweist, die etwas grösser ist als der doppelte Abstand zwischen dem Ende (5) der Zentralwand und der durch die Seitenauflage (3, 4) verlaufende Ebene (P) ist.
  11. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steg (6) durch zwei Längskanten (61, 62) mit balligem Profil begrenzt ist, und dass das Ende (5) der Zentralwand (24) einen entsprechenden Hohlprofil zwecks Zulassung leichter Verschiebungen oder Verformungen der beiden Elemente (2, 2') zueinander aufweist.
  12. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ende (5) der Zentralwand (24) in einer etwas grösseren Höhenlage als die Lage der durch die beiden Seitenauflagen verlaufende Ebene (P) angeordnet ist, sodass die mittlere Auflage (5, 5') höher belastet wird als die beiden Seitenauflagen (3, 4') (4, 3').
  13. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Band (27) aus einem leicht kompressierbaren Werkstoff mindestens zwischen den Seitenauflagen (3, 4') (4, 3') angeordnet wird.
  14. Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk (1) nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Seitenauflagen (3, 4') (4, 3') mindestens durch Verkeilung unterschiedliche Höhen erhalten, sodass das Mittelteil (21') des oberen Elementes (2') zu dem zentralen Teil (21) des auf dem Boden aufliegenden unteren Elementes (2) leicht geneigt ist.
EP92400417A 1991-02-18 1992-02-17 Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk Expired - Lifetime EP0500444B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9101908A FR2672937B1 (fr) 1991-02-18 1991-02-18 Structure tubulaire enterree et son procede de realisation.
FR9101908 1991-02-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500444A1 EP0500444A1 (de) 1992-08-26
EP0500444B1 EP0500444B1 (de) 1995-07-19
EP0500444B2 true EP0500444B2 (de) 1998-04-15

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EP92400417A Expired - Lifetime EP0500444B2 (de) 1991-02-18 1992-02-17 Unterirdisches rohrförmiges Bauwerk

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EP (1) EP0500444B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE125322T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69203480D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2672937B1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2775704B1 (fr) 1998-03-09 2000-05-19 Matiere Soc Civ De Brevets Ouvrage de passage sous remblai
FR2850984B1 (fr) * 2003-02-06 2005-11-04 Quille Entreprise Procede, dispositif et ouvrage d'art pour realiser une nouvelle voie de circulation sous une voie existante portee par un talus
WO2008077319A1 (fr) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-03 Xinghua Ma Tunnel souterrain combiné avec route au niveau du sol
CN104790968A (zh) * 2015-04-03 2015-07-22 王燏斌 一种模块化隧道及其建造方法
CN108560583B (zh) * 2018-04-09 2023-08-29 成都利拓重工机械有限公司 一种现浇外模装置和用于城市管囊建造的移动式支护护盾
CN109098182A (zh) * 2018-09-04 2018-12-28 中电建南方建设投资有限公司 一种盖挖法基坑支架施工方法
CN109505308A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-22 中国十七冶集团有限公司 地下管廊、管沟砼侧压力与外支撑土体平衡施工方法
CN111251448A (zh) * 2020-01-19 2020-06-09 上海建工四建集团有限公司 一种预制地道结构的浇筑方法
CN113585339A (zh) * 2021-08-26 2021-11-02 南京钜力智能制造技术研究院有限公司 一种城市地下货运用装配式预制混凝土管廊及其制造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB476316A (en) * 1936-06-05 1937-12-06 William Herbert Smith Improvements relating to conduits for cables or pipes
US4191496A (en) * 1977-01-05 1980-03-04 Becker Robert F Gas-bag supported structural foundation
JPS60119827A (ja) * 1983-11-30 1985-06-27 Natl House Ind Co Ltd 基礎高さ調整方法
FR2642110B1 (fr) * 1989-01-20 1991-05-03 Matiere Marcel Procede de realisation d'un conduit enterre

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Publication number Publication date
FR2672937A1 (fr) 1992-08-21
ATE125322T1 (de) 1995-08-15
FR2672937B1 (fr) 1997-12-05
DE69203480D1 (de) 1995-08-24
EP0500444A1 (de) 1992-08-26
EP0500444B1 (de) 1995-07-19

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