EP0510341A1 - Procédé pour commander le fonctionnement d'un réacteur de gazéification - Google Patents

Procédé pour commander le fonctionnement d'un réacteur de gazéification Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0510341A1
EP0510341A1 EP92104134A EP92104134A EP0510341A1 EP 0510341 A1 EP0510341 A1 EP 0510341A1 EP 92104134 A EP92104134 A EP 92104134A EP 92104134 A EP92104134 A EP 92104134A EP 0510341 A1 EP0510341 A1 EP 0510341A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
gasification
ash
gasification reactor
water content
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92104134A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0510341B1 (fr
Inventor
Eberhard Dr. Kuske
Theo Von Tolkacz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krupp Koppers GmbH
Original Assignee
Krupp Koppers GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krupp Koppers GmbH filed Critical Krupp Koppers GmbH
Publication of EP0510341A1 publication Critical patent/EP0510341A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0510341B1 publication Critical patent/EP0510341B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/723—Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling the operating sequence of a gasification reactor operating according to the entrained flow method for the gasification of finely divided carbonaceous fuels, in particular fine-grained to dusty coal, in which fuel and gasification agent are fed to the gasification reactor in a quantity ratio set as a function of the temperature in the gasification reactor.
  • the operating conditions are normally set so that the slag can run off in the liquid state from the lower part of the gasification reactor, while the product gas produced, consisting mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is withdrawn upward from the gasification reactor.
  • the operating temperature in the gasification reactor must therefore always be about 100 - 400 ° C above the slag melting temperature, whereby the gasification can be operated both under increased pressure and under normal pressure. Because of the short residence times of the reactants in the gasification reactor, the aim is to supply fuel and gasification agents, such as air, oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide, to the gasification reactor in a constant quantity ratio during the entire process.
  • the quantity ratio must be set so that neither a lack of fuel nor an excess of fuel occurs. Only if this condition is met can the Operating temperature in the gasification reactor can be kept within the range specified above.
  • a lack of fuel leads to the undesirable formation of carbon dioxide with increasing operating temperature and thus to a deterioration in the ratio of the calorific efficiency of the product gas produced to the calorific value of the fuel used.
  • excess fuel reduces the degree of gasification of the carbon due to the presence of non-gasified carbon.
  • the temperature in the gasification reactor drops and can reach such low values that the liquid slag becomes pasty to solid, the slag removal is at risk and the operation is finally interrupted due to clogging of the slag removal.
  • both streams in one such quantity ratio are introduced into the gasification reactor that the operating temperature can be kept within the temperature range mentioned above.
  • the crucial ratio between fuel and gasification agent is to be formed from the combustible substance of the fuel, i.e. without its ash and water content.
  • the ash and water content of the fuel used must be known. So far, it has therefore been customary for the ash and water content of the fuel to be determined at irregular intervals by laboratory analyzes on individual samples.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the method of the type mentioned in such a way that, even in the event of sudden changes in the ash and / or water content of the fuel used, the temperature and operating conditions in the gasification reactor can be stabilized in such a way that the negative effects described above Consequences are avoided.
  • the method of the type mentioned at the outset which is used to achieve this object is characterized in that the ash and water content of the fuel is determined simultaneously and continuously before it enters the gasification reactor and that the ratio of fuel to the processing of both measured values in a process computer Gasifying agent is adapted to the amount of combustible substance actually present in the fuel.
  • the ash content can be determined by radiometric determination. This method of measurement is already used in coal processing and is described, for example, in the journal "Processing Technology", No. 11/1988, pages 648-653.
  • the principle of measurement is that the fuel to be examined is irradiated simultaneously or at short distance from two radioactive sources, the radiation on different Send out energy levels. These are preferably Cs 137 and Am 241 lamps.
  • the high-energy radiation of cesium has the property of being absorbed to the same extent by all atom types present in the fuel.
  • the americium radiation is weakened by the atoms (Si, Al, Fe, Ca) which are characteristic of the ash substance significantly more than by the atoms of the combustible substance (C, H, O, N).
  • the difference between the signals of the Cs 137 and Am 241 emitters is also a measure of how much the ash content at the measuring point differs from that in the calibration state.
  • the difference signal can therefore be defined as the ash content of the fuel and used to correct the ratio of fuel flow to gasification medium flow.
  • the capacitive measuring method which takes advantage of the high dielectric constant of the water compared to the dry substance, is particularly suitable for determining the water content. This is about 2 to 5 for coal and ash and about 80 for water.
  • the dielectric constant is determined by means of a capacitive probe for the fuel flow in the measuring cross section.
  • the measurement is only successful if the density of the fuel flow in the measuring section is also determined by radiometric density measurement, for example using a cesium emitter.
  • the water content of the fuel can be determined by combining the two measured values.
  • the measurement method described above fails when the fuel used has a high electrolyte content.
  • the determination of the water content is expediently carried out using microwaves.
  • the measuring probes for determining the ash and water content in the feed line of the fuel are arranged in close proximity to one another in the gasification reactor.
  • Another design option is to also install the two measuring probes in the immediate vicinity of one another in the feed line close to the outlet of the supply container. If necessary, the measuring probes can finally also be installed in the allotment container itself.
  • the figure shows the flow diagram of a system for carrying out the method according to the invention, in which the measuring probes for determining the ash and water content of the fuel are arranged in close proximity to one another in the feed line close to the outlet of the feed container for the fuel.
  • the gasification reactor 1 has two gasification burners 2.
  • the number of gasification burners 2 can of course be arbitrary.
  • the gasification burners 2 are supplied with fuel via the lines 3 and with gasification agent via the lines 4.
  • the lines 3 branch off from the distributor 5, which in turn is connected to the supply container 7 for the fuel via the feed line 6.
  • the measuring probes 8, 9 and 10 are installed in close proximity to one another.
  • the delivery density of the fuel flow in the feed line 6 is determined radiometrically by the measuring probe 8, which contains a Cs 137 radiator.
  • the measuring probe 9, which contains an Am 241 radiator makes it possible, using the reference signal from the measuring probe 8, to determine the ash content in the fuel stream, which is carried out in the manner described above.
  • the measuring probe 10 is finally used to determine the water content by the capacitive method or microwave method in connection with the density measurement by the measuring probe 8.
  • the measurement results found are transferred from the measuring probes 8 to 10 to the process computer 11, where the ash and Water content of the fuel is determined.
  • the fuel mass flow is determined by the measuring device 12 installed in line 3. All data are therefore known which are necessary for the determination of the combustible substance actually present (ash and water-free).
  • the determined result is transferred from the process computer 11 to the control circuit 13, by means of which the gasification agent supply in line 4 is adapted to the target value of combustible substance and gasification agent.
  • the measuring device 14 is used to measure the amount of gasification in the line 4, which amount can be controlled by the control valve 15.
  • a control valve 16 is also installed in line 3 and, together with the measuring device 12, forms the control circuit 17 for the fuel supply, so that the required adaptation to the setpoint value of combustible substance and gasifying agent can optionally also be carried out by changing the fuel supply.
  • the regulation described above only for one gasification burner 2 must also apply to the second and each further one Gasification burner of the gasification reactor 1 apply.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP19920104134 1991-04-25 1992-03-11 Procédé pour commander le fonctionnement d'un réacteur de gazéification Expired - Lifetime EP0510341B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914113447 DE4113447A1 (de) 1991-04-25 1991-04-25 Verfahren zur steuerung des betriebsablaufes eines vergasungsreaktors
DE4113447 1991-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0510341A1 true EP0510341A1 (fr) 1992-10-28
EP0510341B1 EP0510341B1 (fr) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=6430297

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920104134 Expired - Lifetime EP0510341B1 (fr) 1991-04-25 1992-03-11 Procédé pour commander le fonctionnement d'un réacteur de gazéification

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0510341B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4113447A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0510341T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2055626T3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010114650A1 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 General Electric Company Capteurs à fibres optiques intégrées pour systèmes de mesure en milieu agressif
EP3726202A1 (fr) * 2019-04-15 2020-10-21 L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé de commande en ligne d'un processus de gazéification formant des mâchefers et installation pour un processus de gazéification

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009015736B4 (de) * 2009-03-31 2013-05-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Einstellung der Vergasungsparameter für Flugstromvergaser hoher Leistung
DE102010031528B4 (de) * 2010-07-19 2013-04-25 Klaus Seeger System zur Bestimmung eines Energiegehalts eines festen Brennstoffs und Verwendung des Systems
CN117610890B (zh) * 2024-01-19 2024-04-30 天津美腾科技股份有限公司 一种选煤厂参数动态计算方法、装置、设备及介质

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3316368A1 (de) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ermittlung und ueberwachung des brennstoff-massenstromes, der bei der partialoxidation (vergasung) von feinkoernigen bis staubfoermigen brennstoffen dem vergaser zugefuehrt wird
DE3820013A1 (de) * 1987-08-17 1989-03-02 Freiberg Brennstoffinst Verfahren zur gemeinsamen vergasung von fluessigen und festen, staubfoermigen brennstoffen
EP0308027A2 (fr) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-22 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Régulation de la densité d'une suspension utilisant une source de radiation
EP0350658A1 (fr) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-17 Krupp Koppers GmbH Procédé pour détecter et commander du flux massique de combustible dans l'oxydation partielle de combustibles finement divisés à pulvérulents
EP0447632A1 (fr) * 1990-02-16 1991-09-25 Krupp Koppers GmbH Procédé pour faire fonctionner une installation de gazéification de combustibles solides

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3316368A1 (de) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ermittlung und ueberwachung des brennstoff-massenstromes, der bei der partialoxidation (vergasung) von feinkoernigen bis staubfoermigen brennstoffen dem vergaser zugefuehrt wird
DE3820013A1 (de) * 1987-08-17 1989-03-02 Freiberg Brennstoffinst Verfahren zur gemeinsamen vergasung von fluessigen und festen, staubfoermigen brennstoffen
EP0308027A2 (fr) * 1987-09-18 1989-03-22 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Régulation de la densité d'une suspension utilisant une source de radiation
EP0350658A1 (fr) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-17 Krupp Koppers GmbH Procédé pour détecter et commander du flux massique de combustible dans l'oxydation partielle de combustibles finement divisés à pulvérulents
EP0447632A1 (fr) * 1990-02-16 1991-09-25 Krupp Koppers GmbH Procédé pour faire fonctionner une installation de gazéification de combustibles solides

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010114650A1 (fr) * 2009-03-30 2010-10-07 General Electric Company Capteurs à fibres optiques intégrées pour systèmes de mesure en milieu agressif
EP3726202A1 (fr) * 2019-04-15 2020-10-21 L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude Procédé de commande en ligne d'un processus de gazéification formant des mâchefers et installation pour un processus de gazéification
CN111826206A (zh) * 2019-04-15 2020-10-27 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 在线控制造渣气化工艺的方法和用于气化工艺的设备
US11499105B2 (en) 2019-04-15 2022-11-15 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method of online control of a slag forming gasification process and plant for a gasification process
CN111826206B (zh) * 2019-04-15 2024-05-14 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 在线控制造渣气化工艺的方法和用于气化工艺的设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2055626T3 (es) 1994-08-16
DE4113447A1 (de) 1992-10-29
DK0510341T3 (da) 1994-09-26
EP0510341B1 (fr) 1994-06-08
DE59200219D1 (de) 1994-07-14

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