EP0532386A1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen von Stahl in einer Atmosphere von niedrigem Druck - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen von Stahl in einer Atmosphere von niedrigem Druck Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0532386A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: injection; treatment; gas; gas flow; phase
Prior art date: 1991-09-13
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP92402395A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP0532386B1 (de

Inventor

Georges Dervieux

Jean Bares

Patrick Jacquot

Sophie Dubois

Joséphine German

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Innovatique SA

Original Assignee

Innovatique SA

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1991-09-13

Filing date

1992-09-03

Publication date

1993-03-17

1992-09-03 Application filed by Innovatique SA filed Critical Innovatique SA

1993-03-17 Publication of EP0532386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0532386A1/de

1996-04-17 Application granted granted Critical

1996-04-17 Publication of EP0532386B1 publication Critical patent/EP0532386B1/de

2012-09-03 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 8
150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 4
VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 2
229910021398 atomic carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
238000007562 laser obscuration time method Methods 0.000 claims 1
230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 5
238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1

Images

Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces

Definitions

This treatment makes it possible to increase the surface hardness, the mechanical characteristics, the surface or rolling fatigue limit, and the resistance to wear of highly stressed mechanical components such as gears, transmission axes, cams, etc. ...
carburizing equipment is frequently provided with an oxygen sensor and an infrared analyzer, so as to control the carbon potential in the atmosphere.
the invention therefore more particularly aims to eliminate all these drawbacks.
a case hardening process consisting in bringing the parts to be treated to a relatively high treatment temperature (between 800 ° C and 1100 ° C, preferably higher than 900 ° C) in a gaseous atmosphere free of oxygen maintained by pumping at low pressure (from 1 to 10 mbar, preferably 5 mbar), and carrying out a plurality of successive carbon enrichment phases, each obtained by an injection, of limited duration, of a gas treatment comprising one or more pure hydrocarbons (for example of the CH4, C3H8 type, etc.), each enrichment phase having a duration less than the time required to pass into the saturation phase of the austenite, these enrichment phases being separated by longer diffusion phases in vacuum allowing to adjust the surface carbon content.
a relatively high treatment temperature between 800 ° C and 1100 ° C, preferably higher than 900 ° C
a gaseous atmosphere free of oxygen maintained by pumping at low pressure (from 1 to 10 mbar, preferably 5 mbar)
a gas treatment comprising one or more
the main cementing agent is ethylene from "cracking", propane or ethane, methane being the least effective compound.
Another important advantage of the process according to the invention consists in that it makes it possible to control the residence time of the gas in the furnace: As soon as the injection stops (which caused a rise in pressure), the gas is quickly found pumped until the pressure returns to its initial value at which the treatment gas content is negligible. It then becomes possible to avoid passing below the saturation threshold for austenite and the resulting drawbacks.
the invention also relates to a device for implementing the method described above, this device involving a heat or thermochemical vacuum treatment oven, equipped with heating means capable of bringing the parts to be treated to a temperature of the order of 800 ° C to 1100 ° C, pumping means making it possible to reduce the pressure inside the oven to a value of the order of 1 to 10 mbar, and means making it possible to inject periodically treatment gases inside the oven, for a determined period.
the invention proposes a gas injection system which makes it possible to rotate the gaseous flow of hydrocarbon in the enclosure of the furnace whatever its geometry, and this, in order to cement any type of parts , homogeneously, without introducing any complex mechanism in the hot part of the oven.
a second carbon enrichment phase C2 is triggered by carrying out a second injection of treatment gas.
the duration of this second enrichment phase may be different from that of the first, provided that the saturation threshold previously mentioned is not exceeded.
the temperature suddenly changes from the treatment temperature to the ambient temperature corresponding to the quenching operation of the steel or hardening of the case-hardened steel.
FIG. 7 shows a mode of implantation of the injection nozzles in an oven of which the muffle 12 has simply been shown diagrammatically.

Landscapes

Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

EP92402395A 1991-09-13 1992-09-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen von Stahl in einer Atmosphere von niedrigem Druck Expired - Lifetime EP0532386B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
FR9111304		1991-09-13
FR919111304A FR2681332B1 (fr)	1991-09-13	1991-09-13	Procede et dispositif de cementation d'un acier dans une atmosphere a basse pression.

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0532386A1 true EP0532386A1 (de)	1993-03-17
EP0532386B1 EP0532386B1 (de)	1996-04-17

Family

ID=9416913

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP92402395A Expired - Lifetime EP0532386B1 (de)	1991-09-13	1992-09-03	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen von Stahl in einer Atmosphere von niedrigem Druck

Country Status (6)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0532386B1 (de)
JP (1)	JPH05195192A (de)
AT (1)	ATE136946T1 (de)
DE (1)	DE69209947D1 (de)
FR (1)	FR2681332B1 (de)
TW (1)	TW225558B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0781858A1 (de) *	1995-12-28	1997-07-02	Dowa Mining Co., Ltd.	Verfahren zum Aufkohlen von Metallen
AT404029B (de) *	1996-09-16	1998-07-27	Ald Aichelin Ges M B H	Niederdruck-aufkohlungsanlage
FR2813892A1 (fr) *	2000-09-13	2002-03-15	Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa	Procede de traitement thermique d'aciers d'outillages hypoeutectoides
FR2821362A1 (fr) *	2001-02-23	2002-08-30	Etudes Const Mecaniques	Procede de cementation basse pression
US6461448B1 (en)	1998-08-12	2002-10-08	Swagelok Company	Low temperature case hardening processes
US6547888B1 (en)	2000-01-28	2003-04-15	Swagelok Company	Modified low temperature case hardening processes
FR2832735A1 (fr) *	2001-11-24	2003-05-30	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Dispositif et procede de cementation en depression
FR2836689A1 (fr) *	2002-03-02	2003-09-05	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Procede de cementation de pieces
FR2847591A1 (fr) *	2002-11-25	2004-05-28	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Procede de cementation de pieces en acier pour travail a chaud par carburation en depression
EP2218803A1 (de) *	2009-02-12	2010-08-18	Linde AG	Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufkohlung von Stahl
US9617632B2 (en)	2012-01-20	2017-04-11	Swagelok Company	Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization
US10156006B2 (en)	2009-08-07	2018-12-18	Swagelok Company	Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
CN116072830A (zh) *	2021-11-03	2023-05-05	溧阳天目先导电池材料科技有限公司	粉体材料生产设备及粉体材料的磁性物质控制处理方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US6165597A (en) *	1998-08-12	2000-12-26	Swagelok Company	Selective case hardening processes at low temperature
JP2000336469A (ja) *	1999-05-28	2000-12-05	Nachi Fujikoshi Corp	真空浸炭方法及び装置
JP4255815B2 (ja) *	2003-11-28	2009-04-15	光洋サーモシステム株式会社	ガス浸炭方法
JP4587719B2 (ja) *	2004-07-07	2010-11-24	中外炉工業株式会社	浸炭用ガス製造装置
JP5577573B2 (ja) *	2008-08-29	2014-08-27	株式会社Ｉｈｉ	真空浸炭処理方法および真空浸炭処理装置
KR101866752B1 (ko) *	2015-10-30	2018-07-24	한국생산기술연구원	저온 진공침탄방법
KR101866754B1 (ko) *	2016-10-31	2018-06-18	한국생산기술연구원	저압 범위 내에서의 침탄방법

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2154398A (en) *	1936-12-09	1939-04-11	Rca Corp	Frequency modulation receiver
FR926776A (fr) *	1945-02-05	1947-10-10	Wildbarfield Electric Furnaces	Procédé de traitement thermique et four pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
DE2748125A1 (de) *	1976-10-28	1978-05-03	Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind	Unterdruck-aufkohlungsofen
GB1510481A (en) *	1976-04-02	1978-05-10	British Steel Corp	Carburising coiled strip
US4160680A (en) *	1976-11-05	1979-07-10	Sola Basic Industries, Inc.	Vacuum carburizing
GB1559690A (en) *	1976-11-10	1980-01-23	British Steel Corp	Treatment of steel products
EP0049530A1 (de) *	1980-10-08	1982-04-14	Linde Aktiengesellschaft	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen metallischer Werkstücke

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US3796615A (en) *	1971-06-23	1974-03-12	Hayes Inc C I	Method of vacuum carburizing
JPS5431976A (en) *	1977-08-13	1979-03-09	Norichika Tanaka	Multiistage vertical incinerator
DE3146042A1 (de) *	1981-11-20	1983-05-26	Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden	Verfahren zum einsatzhaerten metallischer werkstuecke
JPH01212748A (ja) *	1988-02-18	1989-08-25	Daido Steel Co Ltd	鋼の迅速浸炭処理方法
JPH0222451A (ja) *	1988-07-09	1990-01-25	Michio Sugiyama	真空浸炭方法

1991
- 1991-09-13 FR FR919111304A patent/FR2681332B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
1992
- 1992-09-03 DE DE69209947T patent/DE69209947D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-03 AT AT92402395T patent/ATE136946T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-09-03 EP EP92402395A patent/EP0532386B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-14 JP JP4245041A patent/JPH05195192A/ja active Pending
- 1992-10-01 TW TW081107828A patent/TW225558B/zh active

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2154398A (en) *	1936-12-09	1939-04-11	Rca Corp	Frequency modulation receiver
FR926776A (fr) *	1945-02-05	1947-10-10	Wildbarfield Electric Furnaces	Procédé de traitement thermique et four pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
GB1510481A (en) *	1976-04-02	1978-05-10	British Steel Corp	Carburising coiled strip
DE2748125A1 (de) *	1976-10-28	1978-05-03	Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind	Unterdruck-aufkohlungsofen
US4160680A (en) *	1976-11-05	1979-07-10	Sola Basic Industries, Inc.	Vacuum carburizing
GB1559690A (en) *	1976-11-10	1980-01-23	British Steel Corp	Treatment of steel products
EP0049530A1 (de) *	1980-10-08	1982-04-14	Linde Aktiengesellschaft	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen metallischer Werkstücke

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
EP0781858A1 (de) *	1995-12-28	1997-07-02	Dowa Mining Co., Ltd.	Verfahren zum Aufkohlen von Metallen
AT404029B (de) *	1996-09-16	1998-07-27	Ald Aichelin Ges M B H	Niederdruck-aufkohlungsanlage
US6461448B1 (en)	1998-08-12	2002-10-08	Swagelok Company	Low temperature case hardening processes
US6547888B1 (en)	2000-01-28	2003-04-15	Swagelok Company	Modified low temperature case hardening processes
FR2813892A1 (fr) *	2000-09-13	2002-03-15	Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa	Procede de traitement thermique d'aciers d'outillages hypoeutectoides
US7118634B2 (en)	2001-02-23	2006-10-10	Bnp Parlbas	Low-pressure cementation method
FR2821362A1 (fr) *	2001-02-23	2002-08-30	Etudes Const Mecaniques	Procede de cementation basse pression
WO2002068707A1 (fr) *	2001-02-23	2002-09-06	Etudes Et Constructions Mecaniques	Procede de cementation basse pression
FR2832735A1 (fr) *	2001-11-24	2003-05-30	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Dispositif et procede de cementation en depression
FR2836689A1 (fr) *	2002-03-02	2003-09-05	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Procede de cementation de pieces
FR2847591A1 (fr) *	2002-11-25	2004-05-28	Bosch Gmbh Robert	Procede de cementation de pieces en acier pour travail a chaud par carburation en depression
EP2218803A1 (de) *	2009-02-12	2010-08-18	Linde AG	Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Aufkohlung von Stahl
US10156006B2 (en)	2009-08-07	2018-12-18	Swagelok Company	Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US10934611B2 (en)	2009-08-07	2021-03-02	Swagelok Company	Low temperature carburization under soft vacuum
US9617632B2 (en)	2012-01-20	2017-04-11	Swagelok Company	Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization
US10246766B2 (en)	2012-01-20	2019-04-02	Swagelok Company	Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization
US11035032B2 (en)	2012-01-20	2021-06-15	Swagelok Company	Concurrent flow of activating gas in low temperature carburization
CN116072830A (zh) *	2021-11-03	2023-05-05	溧阳天目先导电池材料科技有限公司	粉体材料生产设备及粉体材料的磁性物质控制处理方法

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
ATE136946T1 (de)	1996-05-15
TW225558B (de)	1994-06-21
DE69209947D1 (de)	1996-05-23
FR2681332B1 (fr)	1994-06-10
FR2681332A1 (fr)	1993-03-19
JPH05195192A (ja)	1993-08-03
EP0532386B1 (de)	1996-04-17

Legal Events

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Publication	Publication Date	Title
EP0532386B1 (de)	1996-04-17	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufkohlen von Stahl in einer Atmosphere von niedrigem Druck
EP3218530B1 (de)	2020-05-13	Verfahren und anlage zur karbonitrierung einer oder mehrerer stahlteile unter niedrigem druck und bei hoher temperatur
EP1885904B1 (de)	2009-12-09	Niederdruckcarbonitrierverfahren und -vorrichtung
FR2663953A1 (fr)	1992-01-03	Procede et installation de cementation de pieces en alliage metallique a basse pression.
EP0096602B1 (de)	1985-10-16	Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken durch Aufkohlung
EP0010484B1 (de)	1982-09-08	Verbesserung der Inchromierung von Stahl in der Gasphase
FR2499592A1 (fr)	1982-08-13	Procede pour realiser des couches d'oxydes protectrices
EP0089885A2 (de)	1983-09-28	Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von Metallteilen
EP1280943B1 (de)	2007-10-31	Verfahren zur niederdruck-aufkohlung
CA2280405A1 (fr)	2000-02-13	Procede de galvanisation d'une bande metallique
EP0707661B1 (de)	2000-03-15	Verfahren und ofen zum nitrieren von metallischen formteilen bei niedrigen druck
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