EP0556478B2 - Trennschalter für eine metallgekapselte gasisolierte Hochspannungsanlage - Google Patents
Trennschalter für eine metallgekapselte gasisolierte Hochspannungsanlage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0556478B2 EP0556478B2 EP92121436A EP92121436A EP0556478B2 EP 0556478 B2 EP0556478 B2 EP 0556478B2 EP 92121436 A EP92121436 A EP 92121436A EP 92121436 A EP92121436 A EP 92121436A EP 0556478 B2 EP0556478 B2 EP 0556478B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- disconnector
- contact
- electrode
- insulating sleeve
- arcing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229960005196 titanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/029—Composite material comprising conducting material dispersed in an elastic support or binding material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
- H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/045—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts for arcs formed during closing
Definitions
- the invention is based on a disconnector for a metal-encapsulated gas-insulated high-voltage system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Disconnector for metal-encapsulated gas-insulated High voltage systems should be designed in such a way that Before ignitions during a switching operation Cross-cuts and thus short-circuits with the Lead metal encapsulation.
- the cause of cross-cuts lies in the statistical expansion of space a leader discharge during the pre-ignition phase and subsequent transshipment of the originally dominant axial distribution of the electric field in a dominant radial field distribution after that of either one Switch pieces outgoing leader discharge that Counterpart has reached.
- a disconnector of the type mentioned is in DE 27 04 389 C3.
- This disconnect switch points a hollow movable switching pin and a insulating tube slidingly encompassing the switching pin, which when switched on by two shielding electrodes limited distance of the switch arc-impermeable bridged.
- the insulating tube is this is subject to high dielectric loads.
- Another metal-enclosed, gas-insulated disconnector is in the operating instructions for the 8D.2 switch disconnector Siemens Aktiengesellschaft (Order No. SW 8414a) specified.
- This switch has a hollow, movable one Switch pin on, which with a hollow, fixed Contact piece interacts.
- the free end of the fixed Contact piece is covered by an insulating cap.
- 8DP3 gas-insulated switchgear from Siemens Aktiengesellschaft (order no. SW 8713B) is a Grounding switch described, one with a hollow Earth pin cooperating ground contact from one to a metal housing attached insulating cap is surrounded. The insulating cap prevents arcing from flashing over to other parts of the current path.
- a switching cell described in EP 0 046 303 A2 has a mobile circuit breaker and a disconnector that opens when the circuit breaker is extended.
- a fixed contact pin of the disconnector is arranged on the bottom of a pot-shaped insulator. When the disconnector is open, the isolator is closed with an earthed plate that acts as a protection against accidental contact.
- a ring protruding over the contact pin and electrically conductively connected to the contact pin which can be formed from metal coated with insulating material, with insulating material coated with resistance material (resistivity from 10 3 to 10 5 ⁇ cm) or from the resistance material, evens out the electrical field strength and reduces the breakdown voltage between the grounded plate and the contact pin.
- the invention as defined in claim 1 solves the task of disconnecting the input to create the type mentioned, despite the low Dimensions in the radial direction undesirable Cross-cuts with a very high probability be avoided.
- the disconnector according to the invention has one Isolator geometry in which the spatial expansion of the Leader discharge reduced and the leader close to the axis Areas is focused. Therefore there is only one comparatively low residual risk that an in radial direction and a transverse breakdown can form an introductory leader branch. Corresponding are expansive at comparable residual risk Shielding electrodes are unnecessary and therefore also smaller Dimensions of the metal encapsulation can be realized.
- the isolating switch shown in the single figure has a tubular metal casing 1 with a pipe axis 2, which is filled with an insulating gas, such as SF 6 of up to a few bar pressure, and is at ground potential.
- an insulating gas such as SF 6 of up to a few bar pressure
- two switching elements 3, 4 which are of essentially cylindrical symmetry and are movable relative to one another along the axis 2. Both contact pieces 3, 4 are held on insulators, not shown, and each have a shielding electrode 5, 6.
- the contact piece 3 is fixed and contains in addition to the shielding electrode 5 a pin-shaped trained and along the axis 2 pre-ignition electrode 7. On the free, facing the contact piece 4 At the end, the pre-ignition electrode 7 has a contact part 8 on, which advantageously consists of one for electrical Resistances suitable material exists.
- the shielding electrode 5 surrounds the pre-ignition electrode 7 below Formation of a hollow cylindrical space 9 concentrically and extends approximately as far in the axial direction like the pre-ignition electrode 7. On the space 9 radially outward inner surface the shielding electrode 5 are contact elements 10 attached.
- the switching piece 4 has predominantly movably arranged Share on. So it doesn't contain one of one shown drive movable in the axial direction, tubular contact carrier 11, on the that Contact piece 3 facing the end of a pre-ignition electrode 12 is attached.
- the contact carrier 11 is fixed by the and concentrically arranged shielding electrode 6 out on the facing the contact carrier 11
- the inner surface of the shielding electrode carries 6 contact elements 13, which slidably on the contact carrier 11 rest.
- the pre-ignition electrode 12 has a hollow cylindrical contact part 14 on and a concentrically surrounding this contact part and the mounting of an insulating sleeve 15 serving bead 16.
- the insulating sleeve 15 consists essentially of a Material with high dielectric constant and extends beyond the free end of the pre-ignition electrode in the axial direction 12 compared to the distance between the Pre-ignition electrodes 7, 12 slightly when the switch is open, but at least a few millimeters.
- the dielectric constant the insulating sleeve 15 is generally greater than 10, advantageously greater than 30.
- the pre-ignition electrode can also be used 12 from one for electrical resistors certain material.
- the resistance material is an electrically conductive plastic.
- This plastic can be just like the material for the Insulating sleeve can be a filled polymer. Contain the Material of the pre-ignition electrode 12 and the insulating sleeve 15 the same polymer, it becomes a particularly strong mechanical connection between the bead 16 of the Pre-ignition electrode 12 and the insulating sleeve 15 reached and becomes even when large mechanical forces occur an undesired dielectric relevant damage at the interface of the bead 16 and the insulating sleeve 15 Avoided security.
- Particularly suitable as a polymer for the material of the pre-ignition electrode 7 and / or the pre-ignition electrode 12 and the insulating sleeve 15 are duromers, such as in particular epoxies and polyester, and also certain elastomers and thermoplastics. Titanate such as barium titanate and / or titanium dioxide are particularly recommended as filler material for the insulating sleeve material.
- the filler of the pre-ignition electrodes 7 and / or 12 can be formed from electrically conductive particles, such as in particular graphite, metal powder, and / or from ceramic powders with a conductive coating. The proportion of filler in electrically conductive material should expediently be so large that the specific resistance of the material is at most 10 12 ⁇ m.
- a particularly suitable material contains fine-grained ceramic powder based on, for example, quartz or aluminum oxide with particle sizes of typically a few ⁇ m as filler.
- the powder particles are provided with a conductive layer made of, for example, carbon and / or nickel, for example by pyrolyzing.
- a conductive layer made of, for example, carbon and / or nickel, for example by pyrolyzing.
- Sufficient materials that have a specific resistance of 10 10 - 10 12 ⁇ m after hardening are sufficient. This can be achieved with, for example, a 5-10% proportion of conductive coated aluminum oxide in the remaining part of the filling material of the material, which also has aluminum oxide, for example.
- the disconnector according to the invention works as follows: When you turn on the disconnect switch in the figure position shown in the left half will. In this position, the contact carrier 11 and thus also the pre-ignition electrode 12 in the shield electrode 5 and the pre-ignition electrode 7 formed Space 9 retracted. Electricity flows in this Position of the shielding electrode 5, over the contact elements 10, the contact carrier 11 and the contact elements 13 to the shielding electrode 6.
- the movable contact piece is activated during the switching process 4 from the drive, not shown, from the switch-off position the disconnector up into the in the Figure shown in the right half.
- the two contact pieces 3, 4 are already in this position so close together that the contact part 14 of the pre-ignition electrode 12 form a leader 17 can.
- Due to the hollow cylindrical design of the Contact part 14 and by the appropriate arrangement and dimensioning of the insulating sleeve 15 is at the place of the leader approach the electric field strength E not only there largest, but also points radially inward directed component. This will widen it of the leader 17 largely avoided and the Leader 17 essentially oriented on axis 2.
- the size is of decisive influence here the dielectric constant of the insulating sleeve material 15.
- the leader 17 becomes noticeable inside orienting influence on the electric field reached the pipe axis 2.
- the leader 17 can already do so be restricted that the subsequent leader discharge with very great security on the radially shielded Pre-ignition electrode 7 is captured.
- the electric field in front of the pre-ignition electrode 7 is by the pin-shaped training in such a way that the Leader discharge with a high statistical probability on it ends. Random strikes on the shielding electrode 5 are significantly suppressed. This will broaden the spatial leader additionally limited and surface damage the shielding electrodes 5, 6 avoided.
- the Risk of breakout of the leader 17 for radial transverse breakdown is significantly reduced and the Long-term stability of the dielectric isolator behavior elevated.
Landscapes
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Description
Claims (8)
- Trennschalter für eine metallgekapselte gasisolierte Hochspannungsanlage mit zwei auf einer Achse (2) relativ zueinander beweglichen und jeweils mit einer Abschirmelektrode (5, 6) versehenen Schaltstücken (3, 4), welche jeweils eine bei einem Schaltvorgang auf der Achse (2) gehaltene Vorzündelektrode (7, 12) aufweisen, wobei die an einem ersten (4) beider Schaltstücke (3, 4) vorgesehene Vorzündelektrode (12) axial verschieblich angeordnet und hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein hohlzylindrisch ausgebildetes Kontaktteil (14) der am ersten Schaltstück (4) vorgesehenen Vorzündelektrode (12) konzentrisch umgeben ist von einer am freien Ende des ersten Schaltstückes (4) befestigten Isolierhülse (15) aus einem Werkstoff mit einer Dielektrizitätskonstanten grösser 10, welche verglichen mit dem Abstand zwischen den Vorzündelektroden (7, 12) bei geöffnetem Schalter geringfügig das Kontaktteil (14) überragt.
- Schalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest das Kontaktteil (14) der am ersten Schaltstück (4) vorgesehenen Vorzündelektrode (12) oder ein am freien Ende der Vorzündelektrode (7) eines zweiten (3) der beiden Schaltstücke (3, 4) angeordnetes Kontaktteil (8) aus einem für elektrische Widerstände geeigneten Werkstoff gebildet ist.
- Schalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Widerstandswerkstoff elektrisch leitender Kunststoff ist.
- Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff mindestens einer der beiden Vorzündelektroden (7, 12) und der Isolierhülse (15) ein gefülltes Polymer ist.
- Schalter nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff der mindestens einen Vorzündelektrode (7, 12) und der Isolierhülse (15) das gleiche Polymer aufweisen.
- Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Vorzündelektrode (7, 12) einen ihr Kontaktteil (8, 14) konzentrisch umgebenden und der Halterung der Isolierhülse (15) dienenden Wulst (16) aufweist.
- Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Füllstoff der Isolierhülse (15) mindestens ein Titanat und/oder Titandioxid enthält.
- Schalter nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Füllstoff der mindestens einen Vorzündelektrode (7, 12) elektrisch leitende Partikel und/oder ein leitfähig beschichtetes, keramisches Pulver enthält.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4204529A DE4204529A1 (de) | 1992-02-15 | 1992-02-15 | Trennschalter fuer eine metallgekapselte gasisolierte hochspannungsanlage |
| DE4204529 | 1992-02-15 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0556478A1 EP0556478A1 (de) | 1993-08-25 |
| EP0556478B1 EP0556478B1 (de) | 1996-04-03 |
| EP0556478B2 true EP0556478B2 (de) | 1999-01-27 |
Family
ID=6451774
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92121436A Expired - Lifetime EP0556478B2 (de) | 1992-02-15 | 1992-12-17 | Trennschalter für eine metallgekapselte gasisolierte Hochspannungsanlage |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0556478B2 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3424950B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4204529A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19543815A1 (de) | 1995-11-24 | 1997-05-28 | Asea Brown Boveri | Elektrisches Schaltgerät |
| JP5188176B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 接地開閉器 |
| CN102437512B (zh) * | 2011-09-09 | 2013-02-13 | 华中科技大学 | 气体开关 |
| EP3951819A1 (de) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-02-09 | ABB Schweiz AG | Feldabstufungselektrode |
| EP4439611A1 (de) * | 2023-03-30 | 2024-10-02 | Hitachi Energy Ltd | Trennschalterkontaktsystem mit gesteuerter entladung |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE6601558U (de) * | 1964-06-13 | 1969-03-20 | Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag | Spannungstrennstelle |
| JPS5559613A (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1980-05-06 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Gas breaker |
| FR2476381B1 (fr) * | 1980-02-16 | 1985-10-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Sectionneur isole par gaz |
| JPS5740225U (de) * | 1980-08-18 | 1982-03-04 | ||
| US4488021A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-12-11 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Gas insulated disconnector |
| DE3938711A1 (de) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-05-23 | Siemens Ag | Trennschalter fuer metallgekapselte, druckgasisolierte hochspannungsschaltanlagen |
-
1992
- 1992-02-15 DE DE4204529A patent/DE4204529A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-12-17 EP EP92121436A patent/EP0556478B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-17 DE DE59205907T patent/DE59205907D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-01-14 JP JP00531893A patent/JP3424950B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4204529A1 (de) | 1993-08-19 |
| JPH05282968A (ja) | 1993-10-29 |
| DE59205907D1 (de) | 1996-05-09 |
| EP0556478A1 (de) | 1993-08-25 |
| EP0556478B1 (de) | 1996-04-03 |
| JP3424950B2 (ja) | 2003-07-07 |
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