EP0563802B1 - Culasse magnétique pour un four à induction à creuset - Google Patents

Culasse magnétique pour un four à induction à creuset Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0563802B1
EP0563802B1 EP93104986A EP93104986A EP0563802B1 EP 0563802 B1 EP0563802 B1 EP 0563802B1 EP 93104986 A EP93104986 A EP 93104986A EP 93104986 A EP93104986 A EP 93104986A EP 0563802 B1 EP0563802 B1 EP 0563802B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supporting body
laminated core
furnace
yoke according
yoke
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93104986A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0563802A3 (en
EP0563802A2 (fr
Inventor
Horst Gillhaus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Patent GmbH
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ABB Patent GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Patent GmbH filed Critical ABB Patent GmbH
Publication of EP0563802A2 publication Critical patent/EP0563802A2/fr
Publication of EP0563802A3 publication Critical patent/EP0563802A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0563802B1 publication Critical patent/EP0563802B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic yoke for an induction crucible furnace according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a magnetic yoke for an induction crucible furnace is known from ABB publication No. D ME / D 118289 D.
  • the induction crucible furnace is suitable for the inductive melting of cast iron, steel, light metal, heavy metal and alloys, the operation being carried out when trained as a medium-frequency induction crucible furnace, for example at frequencies from 125 to 1000 Hz.
  • a converter is used to set an alternating voltage of a predetermined frequency.
  • the active part of the induction crucible furnace is the furnace coil, the interior of which is lined with a ceramic crucible.
  • the alternating current flowing through the furnace coil generates an alternating magnetic field, which is inside the furnace crucible through the metal insert (melt) and outside the coil is guided through the iron sheet packets of the magnetic inferences.
  • the alternating magnetic field induces eddy currents in the metallic feedstock, ie electrical energy that is converted into heat.
  • Due to the transformer principle the furnace draws power from the feeding network, so that the feed material is melted while continuously supplying energy.
  • the electromagnetic forces acting on the melt lead to an intensive bath movement, which ensures rapid heat and material balance.
  • the magnetic inferences are arranged on the outside of the coil in the form of individual packets distributed over the circumference of the coil with gaps parallel to the furnace axis.
  • Each individual package consists of a large number of thin, electrically insulated transformer sheets with high specific electrical resistance and high permeability.
  • the iron sheet packets of the magnetic inferences have the purpose of carrying the alternating magnetic flux, as already mentioned above.
  • the magnetic flux is to be offered a path of low magnetic resistance, which at the same time causes only slight eddy current losses.
  • the required reactive power is reduced as a result of the reduction in the magnetic resistance in the flux return region.
  • the flow is also prevented from entering the mostly ferromagnetic, load-bearing outer components of the furnace (furnace body with cladding), thus preventing their heating up due to eddy currents.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a magnetic yoke for an induction crucible furnace of the type mentioned, in which a selective induction of high specific power is prevented.
  • the advantages which can be achieved with the invention consist in particular in that the temperature distribution within the magnetic yoke is optimized, i.e. it is in particular prevented that locally high temperatures arise in the laminated core or in the support body (overheating).
  • the formation of stray fields is largely reduced and uniform utilization of the laminated core cross-section is ensured with regard to the losses and temperatures which arise, the losses being reduced overall. Since the magnetic yoke no longer has to be designed with special consideration of the areas with selectively high induced specific power (while other areas hardly serve to guide the magnetic flux and therefore remain cold) and because of the loss reduction, the required cross section of the laminated core becomes smaller overall, which advantageously results in material, weight and cost savings.
  • an induction crucible furnace is shown in a lateral section.
  • the induction crucible furnace 1 consists of a refractory, preferably ceramic, cylindrical, closed at the bottom and open at the top crucible 2, a cylindrical coil 3 encompassing the crucible 2 and a plurality of magnetic yokes 4 in the form of individual coils parallel to the furnace axis on the outer surface of the coil arranged rods is formed.
  • the individual rod-shaped magnetic inferences 4 are pressed against the furnace coil 3 by an upper or a lower frame 6 or 7. These frames 6, 7 are part of a supporting furnace body, not shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of an induction crucible furnace 1 with crucible 2, melt 5, furnace coil 3, the individual rod-shaped magnetic yokes 4 and the upper frame 6.
  • the frame 6 is ring-shaped in FIG. 2, but it can also be square, for example be shaped. There are gaps between the individual magnetic inferences 4.
  • the actual supporting furnace body is not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • FIG. 3 shows a first basic configuration of a magnetic yoke in section. It can be seen that the active laminated core 9 is surrounded by a one-piece support body 8 in a C or U shape (consisting of a rear wall with two side walls).
  • the support body 8 is expediently designed as an extruded profile, preferably made of an aluminum alloy, which has the advantage of high electrical conductivity.
  • the laminated core 9 consists of a large number of individual, electrically insulated individual sheets.
  • the support body 8 has a plurality of individual longitudinal channels 10, so that the extruded profile in cross section represents a latticework with a large number of longitudinal cavities. This ensures great rigidity against bending and torsion with a comparatively low use of material, low material weight and low material costs.
  • the longitudinal channels can be used, at least in part, as internal cooling channels 11 for the circulation of a coolant, so that the large heat transfer surface results in high heat dissipation for the eddy current heat losses which arise in the laminated cores during operation.
  • one, two, three or more longitudinal channels can be used as coolant channels. In this way it is ensured that the temperature of the laminated cores is kept within permissible limits.
  • a coolant e.g. Serve water.
  • the use of separate cooling devices, which are to be brought into direct thermal contact with the laminated cores, is not necessary.
  • the magnetic yoke 4 is pressed onto the furnace coil 3 via the active laminated core 9. So that each individual laminated plate 9 can be of the same width b (which simplifies and reduces the cost of producing the magnetic yoke), the middle part 13 of the rear wall of the supporting body 8 on its inner surface in contact with the laminated core is curved cylindrically, the cylinder radius being adapted to the radius of the furnace coil 3.
  • the side parts 14, 15 of the rear wall of the support body 8, which are adjacent to the middle part 13, are not curved in the shape of a cylinder, but rather are each designed as inclined surfaces with increasing distance from the furnace coil 3.
  • an acute angle beta - preferably 45 ° - is formed between the side part 14 of the rear wall and side wall 17 of the support body 8 and between the side part 15 of the rear wall and side wall 16 of the support body 8.
  • This special tripartite configuration of the rear wall of the support body 8 has the result that only the individual sheets of the laminated core 9 in contact with the central part 13 of the rear wall are pressed against the insulation 12 and thus the furnace coil 3 are and are therefore effective for the force F, while the individual sheets of the sheet stack 9 which are in contact with the side parts 14, 15 of the rear wall have an increasing distance from the furnace coil 3.
  • acute-angled sectors are formed in both edge regions of the laminated core facing the furnace coil 3 parallel to the furnace axis.
  • the width of the side walls 16, 17 of the support body 8 expediently corresponds to the width b of a single sheet, so that the sectors are not restricted by the support body.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second basic configuration of a magnetic yoke in section.
  • a support body 18 with a three-part rear wall and side walls 26, 27, the rear wall also having a central part 23 and two side parts 24, 25.
  • the central part 23 does not have to be curved cylindrically, but can also be flat.
  • the side parts 24, 25 are in turn designed as inclined surfaces with respect to the middle part 23 and enclose the angle beta with the side walls 26, 27.
  • a plurality of longitudinal channels 20, in particular also internal cooling channels 21, are in turn located within the supporting body 18.
  • the main difference between the variant according to FIG. 4 and the variant according to FIG. 3 is that the force F acting on the support body 18 does not exceed the Laminated core 19, but acts on the furnace coil 3 via the end faces of the side walls 26, 27 and insulating blocks 22.
  • the insulating blocks 22, which consist of an electrically insulating and vibration-damping material, are fastened in dovetail-shaped grooves 28 on the end face of the side walls 26, 27.
  • a drainage distance 29 is advantageously formed between the furnace coil 3 and the laminated core 19, which on the one hand ensures the required electrical insulation between the furnace coil and the laminated core and on the other hand ensures water drainage.
  • FIG. 5 shows the basic course of the magnetic flux in the end region of the laminated core when passing from the magnetic yoke 4 to the melt 5 in the crucible.
  • the magnetic flux emerges from the ends of the laminated core 9, 19 and runs over the crucible 2 to the melt 5 or to the metallic insert material.
  • the magnetic flux in the laminated core is with number 30, the flow of the transverse field in the edge area of the furnace coil or the crucible is with number 31, the flow of the normal field in the edge region of the furnace coil or the crucible is with number 32 and the flow in the metal insert respectively in the melt is marked with number 33.
  • the shielding effect of the support body 8, 18 made of electrically conductive material (preferably an aluminum alloy) prevents the flow in the shielded area from entering or exiting transversely to the longitudinal axis of the laminated core 9, 19, so that corresponding additional losses are avoided.
  • electrically conductive material preferably an aluminum alloy
  • By bending the laminated core near the side walls of the support body acute-angled sectors are created with a relatively large exit area for the magnetic flux 31 of the transverse field and excessive excessive heating in the laminated core and supporting body due to high flux concentration are avoided.
  • the magnetic flux 31 is made possible to enter and exit the edges of the individual sheets without additionally having to penetrate further individual sheets.
  • the laminated core is very close to the coil 3 except for the drainage distance 29 or the spacing caused by the insulation 12.
  • the individual laminations in the lateral region of the laminated core which are particularly advantageously arranged for the flow 31 of the transverse field, are also for Management of the river 32 of the normal field is suitable.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Culasse magnétique pour un four à induction à creuset, comprenant un paquet de tôles (9,19) en forme de barre convenant au guidage du flux magnétique produit par la bobine (3) du four à induction à creuset (1), ce paquet étant formé d'une multitude de tôles élémentaires électriquement isolées les unes par rapport aux autres, caractérisée par le fait que le paquet de tôles (9,19) présente, à sa surface principale tournée vers la bobine de four (3), une conformation à triple subdivision, de telle manière qu'une zone médiane du paquet de tôles puisse être positionnée très près de la bobine de four, tandis que la distance entre les arêtes des tôles élémentaires du paquet de tôles et la bobine de four augmente vers le bord dans les deux zones latérales du paquet de tôles, voisines de la zone médiane, de sorte qu'il se forme des secteurs à angle aigu, exempts de tôles, dans les deux zones marginales de la culasse, orientées vers la bobine de four, parallèlement à l'axe du four.
  2. Culasse suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que le paquet de tôles (9,19) est entouré par un corps de support (8,18) de section en C ou U, sur ses trois surfaces principales qui ne sont pas tournées vers la bobine de four (3).
  3. Culasse suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que la paroi arrière du corps de support (8,18) est réalisée à triple subdivision de manière qu'il se forme une partie médiane (13,23) et deux parties latérales (14,15;24,25), les parties latérales étant réalisées sous forme de surfaces obliques dont la distance par rapport à la bobine de four (3) va en augmentant et qu'un angle aigu (beta) se forme respectivement entre une partie latérale (14,15;24,25) de la paroi arrière et une paroi latérale (17,16;27,26) du corps de support (8,18).
  4. Culasse suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que l'angle aigu (beta) s'élève de préférence à 45°.
  5. Culasse suivant la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que la partie médiane (13) de la paroi arrière du corps de support (8) est bombée en cylindre à l'endroit de sa surface intérieure se trouvant en contact avec le paquet de tôles (9), le rayon du cylindre étant adapté au rayon de la bobine de four (3).
  6. Culasse suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que chaque paroi latérale (26,27) du corps de support (18) est munie d'un dispositif (28) pour la fixation d'un bloc isolant (22) en un matériau électriquement isolant.
  7. Culasse suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée par le fait que les blocs isolants (22) fixés aux parois latérales (26,27) du corps de support (18) dépassent par rapport au paquet de tôles (19), de sorte qu'après appui de la culasse (4) contre la bobine de four (3), il se forme un intervalle de drainage (29) entre la bobine de four (3) et le paquet de tôles (19).
  8. Culasse suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de support (8,18) est constitué par un matériau bon conducteur de l'électricité.
  9. Culasse suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de support (8,18) est en aluminium ou en un alliage d'aluminium.
  10. Culasse suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de support (8,18) présente au moins un canal longitudinal (10,11;20,21).
  11. Culasse suivant la revendication 10, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins un canal longitudinal (11,21) convient au guidage d'un fluide de refroidissement.
  12. Culasse suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de support (8,18) est réalisé d'une seule pièce.
  13. Culasse suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 12, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de support (8,18) est constitué par au moins un profilé extrudé.
  14. Culasse suivant l'une des revendications 2 à 13, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de support (8,18) est rigide en flexion et en torsion.
EP93104986A 1992-03-30 1993-03-25 Culasse magnétique pour un four à induction à creuset Expired - Lifetime EP0563802B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4210374A DE4210374A1 (de) 1992-03-30 1992-03-30 Magnetischer Rückschluß für einen Induktionstiegelofen
DE4210374 1992-03-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0563802A2 EP0563802A2 (fr) 1993-10-06
EP0563802A3 EP0563802A3 (en) 1993-11-18
EP0563802B1 true EP0563802B1 (fr) 1995-09-27

Family

ID=6455417

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93104986A Expired - Lifetime EP0563802B1 (fr) 1992-03-30 1993-03-25 Culasse magnétique pour un four à induction à creuset

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5430758A (fr)
EP (1) EP0563802B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4210374A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2079913T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9409470U1 (de) 1994-06-14 1994-08-11 Abb Patent Gmbh, 68309 Mannheim Magnetischer Rückschluß mit Tragkörper und Isolierkörper
US5987054A (en) * 1997-02-10 1999-11-16 Inductotherm Corp. Induction coil and coreless induction furnace employing same
DE10314039A1 (de) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-07 Airbus Deutschland Gmbh Spantbauteil für ein Flugzeug
FI125386B (fi) * 2010-08-03 2015-09-30 Trafotek Oy Menetelmä nestejäähdytteisen sydänrakenteisen sähkövoimatekniikan komponentin jakotukin valmistamiseksi ja nestejäähdytteisen sydänrakenteisen sähkövoimatekniikan komponentin jakotukki
DE102015015337B4 (de) 2015-09-01 2018-06-21 Abp Induction Systems Gmbh Induktionstiegelofen und magnetischer Rückschluss hierfür
DE102017102924B3 (de) 2017-02-14 2018-03-08 Otto Junker Gmbh Induktionstiegelofen zum Schmelzen von metallischem Einsatzgut und Verfahren zum Sauberhalten des Sockelbereichs eines Induktionstiegelofens

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1827274A (en) * 1927-09-08 1931-10-13 Ajax Electrothermic Corp Electric induction furnace
GB376660A (en) * 1932-01-02 1932-07-14 Asea Ab Improvements relating to laminated sheet iron shells for electric induction furnacesnot having a closed iron circuit
DE968717C (de) * 1941-10-08 1958-03-20 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Vorrichtung zum induktiven Erhitzen von Werkstuecken
DE977483C (de) * 1952-05-30 1966-09-15 Otto Junker Fa Kernloser Induktions-Schmelzofen fuer niederfrequente Wechselstroeme
DE1089493B (de) * 1959-09-22 1960-09-22 Aeg Induktions-Tiegelofen
US3704336A (en) * 1971-04-01 1972-11-28 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Support means for induction coil
SE379618B (fr) * 1973-02-19 1975-10-13 Asea Ab
DD102802A1 (fr) * 1973-04-19 1973-12-20
DE2909251A1 (de) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-28 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Magnetjoch fuer einen induktionsofen und verfahren zur herstellung des magnetjoches
DD297229A5 (de) * 1990-08-14 1992-01-02 Lokomotivbau-Elektrotechnische Werke,Hennigsdorf Gmbh,De Verfahren und vorrichtung zur demontage verschlissener ofentiegel
DE4115278A1 (de) * 1991-05-10 1992-11-12 Abb Patent Gmbh Magnetischer rueckschluss fuer einen induktionstiegelofen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4210374A1 (de) 1993-10-07
ES2079913T3 (es) 1996-01-16
DE59300652D1 (de) 1995-11-02
US5430758A (en) 1995-07-04
EP0563802A3 (en) 1993-11-18
EP0563802A2 (fr) 1993-10-06

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