EP0566923B1 - Dispositif pour mesurer sans contact la position axiale d'un objet tournant - Google Patents

Dispositif pour mesurer sans contact la position axiale d'un objet tournant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0566923B1
EP0566923B1 EP93105618A EP93105618A EP0566923B1 EP 0566923 B1 EP0566923 B1 EP 0566923B1 EP 93105618 A EP93105618 A EP 93105618A EP 93105618 A EP93105618 A EP 93105618A EP 0566923 B1 EP0566923 B1 EP 0566923B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
field sensor
rotating body
axial
disc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93105618A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0566923A1 (fr
Inventor
Fritz Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Dettmann
Uwe Dipl.-Ing. Loreit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wilo GmbH
Original Assignee
Wilo GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wilo GmbH filed Critical Wilo GmbH
Publication of EP0566923A1 publication Critical patent/EP0566923A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0566923B1 publication Critical patent/EP0566923B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/246—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains by varying the duration of individual pulses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
    • G01D5/247—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains using time shifts of pulses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the contactless measurement of the axial position of a rotating body with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • two opposite wings extend in their axial extent not in their entire area over the full width of the pane, but in one of these two wings the left edge is chamfered when the pane is viewed from the side and the right edge in the other.
  • the impulse for the wing with the bevel on the right side will therefore have a lower amplitude in comparison with the impulses on the wings with full width, when moving to the right this occurs with the wing with the left oblique edge.
  • a disadvantage of this method is the non-linear relationship between the distance from the sensor to the surface and its output signal and an additional temperature dependency of the sensor output signal. These two variables must be taken into account in the evaluation circuit in order to be able to quantify the axial displacement, which leads to a considerable amount of circuitry.
  • the measuring system is not able to distinguish a change in the mounting position of the sensor during operation of the system, which can also consist in a change in the distance of the sensor from the shaft, from an axial displacement. Since the distance dependency of the sensor output voltage is significantly influenced by the magnetic material properties, which can only be maintained with large tolerances in normal production, the submission of each individual copy of the sensor arrangement cannot be avoided for accurate measurements.
  • the invention avoids these disadvantages. It is based on the task of proposing a temperature-independent sensor that takes up little space and is also constructed with little complication.
  • the center of the body of the device according to the invention coincides with its axis of rotation, it is arranged or designed so that its edge periodically reciprocates with respect to the fixed magnetic field sensor when the body rotates.
  • This can be done, for example, in that a completely flat magnetic disk forms an angle with the plane of rotation.
  • the edge of the disk is offset to the left of the plane of rotation for half a turn and offset to the right during the other half turn.
  • the magnetic field sensor detects the magnetic field component in the axial direction. For example, if the disk is permanently magnetized and magnetized in the radial direction, only the radial field component is present in the middle directly above the disk edge. To the left and right of the center there are increasing axial field components with the opposite direction.
  • the magnetic field sensor determines the zero crossing of the axial field component, and the trigger circuit switches its output voltage, for example, at the corresponding sensor output value. If the magnetic field sensor is in the plane of rotation, the two possible voltage values will alternate with the same duration at the output of the trigger circuit with a constant rotational speed of the body. When the body with the magnetic disc is shifted left or right, the voltage values occur with different durations.
  • the ratio of the duration of the higher voltage level at the trigger output to the duration of the low voltage level referred to as the pulse duty factor, will therefore change continuously with the displacement of the body.
  • the pulse duty factor is used as the output variable is advantageous because the temperature dependence of the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet and the sensor sensitivity have no influence on it.
  • the magnetic field sensor is only operated as a zero detector. Its radial distance from the edge of the magnetic disc also does not matter, as long as it is sensitive enough to detect the axial magnetic field component. The position adjustment in this direction is therefore superfluous.
  • the rotating body with the magnetic disk is displaced in the axial direction so far that the edge of the disk is always to the right or left of the magnetic field sensor, the switching of the output voltage naturally no longer occurs.
  • the measuring range is thus exceeded. From the voltage level at the trigger output, however, it can be seen whether the body is to the left or right of the measuring range, since the magnetic field of the permanent magnetic disk, which can be detected by the magnetic field sensor, extends axially beyond its extent.
  • the magnetic field sensors in the arrangement are in particular those based on the anisotropic magnetoresistive effect, since they have a high magnetic field sensitivity and are accommodated on chip areas of less than a square millimeter. This ensures magnetic field measurement with high spatial resolution.
  • soft magnetic material can also be used for the round magnetic disk. Then, however, an additional permanent magnet is available to generate a magnetic field. This is preferably further away from the magnetic disk than the magnetic field sensor. The field lines emanating from the permanent magnet enter the soft magnetic disc in the shortest possible way. If the magnet, magnetic field sensor and edge of the disk are in a line, no axial field component occurs on the magnetic field sensor. An axial component is created when the edge is shifted left or right in the axial direction. The axial position detection can thus be analogous to that described above Case.
  • the magnetic disk does not necessarily have to be completely flat in itself. Rather, disks made of magnetic material, which have a flat central region and whose edge is mutually bent out of this plane with an integer number of periods, also correspond to the invention.
  • the edge of the disk which has a certain thickness, can also be provided with teeth in which the ratio of tooth width to tooth spacing varies in the axial direction.
  • a duty cycle dependent on the axial position is obtained with the aid of the magnetic field sensor and the trigger circuit.
  • the frequency of the pulse sequence which is obtained here at the output of the trigger circuit, is a factor greater than the rotational frequency of the body, which is given by the number of periods of the mutually bent edge or by the number of teeth. This means that the measurement of the axial position is possible even during a fraction of a revolution.
  • the speed and the axial position of the rotating body can be determined simultaneously by a circuit that evaluates the pulse duty factor of the trigger signal and a further circuit that evaluates the frequency of the trigger signal.
  • a soft magnetic disc 3 is attached to the axis of a rotating body 1. In its central part, this disc 3 is flat.
  • the disk plane is here in the plane of rotation that extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
  • the edge of the disk 3 is bent out of the plane alternately to the left and right at periodic intervals. As can be seen from the plan view of the disk plane shown on the right in FIG. 1, eight periods are present over the disk circumference.
  • a magnetic field sensor 2 is located above the disk 3, and a permanent magnet 5 is attached above it. The north pole of the magnet points to the magnetic field sensor 2.
  • the magnetic field lines emerging from the north pole enter the edge 4 of the soft magnetic disk 3, bridging the distance between the magnet 5 and the edge 4 in the shortest way.
  • the magnetic field sensor 2 only measures the magnetic field component that points in the axial direction. In the example shown, it is a sensor based on the anisotropic mangetoresistive effect.
  • the layer plane of the magnetic field sensor 2 coincides with the plane of the drawing. Its resistance strips point with their longitudinal direction from the disk 3 to the permanent magnet 5.
  • the rotating body 1 can change its position in the axial direction x. If the disk 3 is located with its disk plane in the area B, the edge 4 periodically moves back and forth as the body 1 rotates relative to the fixed magnetic field sensor 2. An axial magnetic field component with an alternating direction is created at the location of the magnetic field sensor 2. The trigger circuit contained in the magnetic field sensor 2 is set so that it switches from one output voltage level to another when the axial component crosses zero.
  • the first part of FIG. 2 shows the time course of the sensor output voltage U a for three different axial positions of the disk plane.
  • the edge 4 is always to the left of the center of the magnetic field sensor 2, so that the axial magnetic field component does not change its sign and the trigger output voltage is at the low voltage level.
  • the magnetic field changes direction only briefly and thus the sensor output signal changes its level.
  • the magnetic field points to the right during the larger portion of the time, and the sensor output signal is therefore at the higher level for a longer time.
  • area C the magnetic field is constantly pointing to the right and the output signal no longer changes its level.
  • the sensor output signal U a is integrated by the evaluation circuit 6. Their output signal U ax is shown in the lower part of FIG. 2 as a function of the axial position x.
  • the frequency of the sensor output signal is evaluated by the evaluation circuit 7 and output as the speed signal U af .

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif pour la mesure sans contact de la position axiale d'un corps tournant (1),
    - un transmetteur magnétique (3) étant relié rigidement au corps tournant (1),
    - un capteur de champ magnétique (2) étant disposé fixe dans l'espace à l'extérieur de la périphérie du transmetteur (3) au voisinage de son bord,
    - le capteur de champ magnétique (2) produisant un train d'impulsions pendant la rotation du transmetteur (3),
    - le transmetteur (3) étant conformé de telle manière que, dans le cas d'une translation axiale du corps tournant (1), une propriété du train d'impulsions est modifiée,
    - cette propriété du train d'impulsions étant utilisée dans un circuit d'exploitation (7) pour la lecture de la position axiale du corps tournant (1),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le bord (4) du transmetteur (3) se déplace périodiquement en direction axiale par rapport au capteur magnétique (2) pendant la rotation du corps (1),
    - le capteur magnétique (2) mesure la composante axiale du champ magnétique,
    - le circuit d'exploitation (7) contient un circuit de déclenchement qui est ajusté de telle manière qu'il commute d'un niveau de départ à un autre lors du passage par zéro de la composante axiale et
    - le circuit d'exploitation (7) détermine la position axiale du corps tournant à partir du rapport durée de passage de courant pendant le cycle/durée de cycle de la durée du premier niveau de tension à la sortie du circuit de déclenchement à la durée du second niveau de tension.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que le bord (4) du disque (3) est replié alternativement en dehors du plan du disque (3).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que le plan du disque (3) forme avec son axe de rotation un angle qui est différent de 90°.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le capteur de champ magnétique (2) est un capteur sur le principe de l'effet magnétorésistif anisotrope.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que le disque (3) est constitué d'un matériau à aimantation permanente et est aimanté en direction radiale.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que le disque (3) est constitué d'un matériau magnétique doux et se trouve au voisinage d'un aimant permanent (5).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6,
    caractérisé en ce que le capteur de champ magnétique (2) se trouve entre les aimants et le disque (3).
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que le circuit d'exploitation (7) détermine additionnellement la vitesse de rotation du corps (1) à partir de la fréquence du signal du capteur.
EP93105618A 1992-04-24 1993-04-05 Dispositif pour mesurer sans contact la position axiale d'un objet tournant Expired - Lifetime EP0566923B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4213507A DE4213507C2 (de) 1992-04-24 1992-04-24 Vorrichtung zum berührungslosen Messen der axialen Lage eines rotierenden Körpers
DE4213507 1992-04-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0566923A1 EP0566923A1 (fr) 1993-10-27
EP0566923B1 true EP0566923B1 (fr) 1996-10-30

Family

ID=6457396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93105618A Expired - Lifetime EP0566923B1 (fr) 1992-04-24 1993-04-05 Dispositif pour mesurer sans contact la position axiale d'un objet tournant

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0566923B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE144830T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4213507C2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2289947B (en) * 1994-06-03 1998-04-01 Bohlin Instr Uk Ltd Position and force measuring apparatus
DE4437017C2 (de) 1994-10-17 1997-08-14 Inst Mikrostrukturtechnologie Vorrichtung zur berührungslosen Messung der Relativlage und der Rotationsfrequenz zweier Körper
AT6056U1 (de) * 2001-07-13 2003-03-25 Austria Mikrosysteme Int Messanordnung zum berührungslosen erfassen des drehwinkels und der axialen lage eines messobjektes
DE102005045774A1 (de) * 2005-09-23 2007-04-05 Sfg Gmbh Messvorrichtung und Verfahren zur berührungslosen Bestimmung der Lage zweier relativ zueinander verstellbarer Bauteile
DE102006045732A1 (de) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-03 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Erfassung der Axialposition eines axial verschiebbaren und rotierenden Bauteils
SE540453C2 (en) 2016-04-21 2018-09-18 Scania Cv Ab A Coupling Arrangement for a Gearbox
SE540452C2 (en) 2016-04-29 2018-09-18 Scania Cv Ab A Method of Controlling a Coupling Arrangement in a Gearbox
GB201820822D0 (en) 2018-12-20 2019-02-06 Rolls Royce Plc Shaft monitoring system

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2071333B (en) * 1980-02-22 1984-02-01 Sony Corp Magnetic sensor device
DE3426784A1 (de) * 1984-07-20 1986-01-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Magnetoresistiver sensor zur abgabe von elektrischen signalen
GB2181246B (en) * 1985-10-02 1989-09-27 Rolls Royce Apparatus for measuring axial movement of a rotating member
GB2221306A (en) * 1988-07-29 1990-01-31 Dowty Rotol Ltd Assembly for determining the longitudinal displacement of a rotating shaft
DD281662A5 (de) * 1988-09-22 1990-08-15 Mellenbach Messtechnik Anordnung zur erfassung der drehzahl
US4951500A (en) * 1989-07-26 1990-08-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method for determining the untwist of turbine blades
EP0427882B1 (fr) * 1989-11-14 1995-03-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de mesure des déplacements faibles
JPH0686883B2 (ja) * 1990-02-20 1994-11-02 日機装株式会社 軸受監視装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59304333D1 (de) 1996-12-05
DE4213507C2 (de) 1994-06-30
DE4213507A1 (de) 1993-10-28
ATE144830T1 (de) 1996-11-15
EP0566923A1 (fr) 1993-10-27

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