EP0570863A2 - Antenne de radar de surveillance à configuration plate - Google Patents

Antenne de radar de surveillance à configuration plate Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0570863A2
EP0570863A2 EP93107897A EP93107897A EP0570863A2 EP 0570863 A2 EP0570863 A2 EP 0570863A2 EP 93107897 A EP93107897 A EP 93107897A EP 93107897 A EP93107897 A EP 93107897A EP 0570863 A2 EP0570863 A2 EP 0570863A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radar antenna
antenna according
search radar
vertical
polarization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93107897A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0570863A3 (fr
EP0570863B1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Dipl.-Ing. Brunner
Erwin Dipl.-Ing. Kress
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0570863A2 publication Critical patent/EP0570863A2/fr
Publication of EP0570863A3 publication Critical patent/EP0570863A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0570863B1 publication Critical patent/EP0570863B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
    • H01Q13/025—Multimode horn antennas; Horns using higher mode of propagation
    • H01Q13/0258—Orthomode horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a search radar antenna according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Ordinary circular search radar antennas are constructed as reflector antennas and have a relatively large structural depth, which often conflicts with the requirements for high mobility.
  • reflector antennas often do not meet the requirements for low side lobes and a switchable polarization: linear-circular.
  • radiators e.g. patch radiators, open waveguides
  • polarization switches e.g. polarization switches
  • distributors strip lines, coaxial lines, waveguides.
  • Radar antennas with a multiplicity of individual radiators arranged in rows and columns, which are formed by waveguide radiators which are open to the front, are also known in connection with electronically phase-controlled antennas (MI Skolnik: "Introduction to Radar Systems", Second Edition, MacGraw Hill, 1980, pages 305 and 306).
  • MI Skolnik "Introduction to Radar Systems", Second Edition, MacGraw Hill, 1980, pages 305 and 306).
  • phase-controlled antennas which can be made relatively flat, however, no all-round search is possible. This requires several such antennas.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a highly mobile circular search radar antenna which rotates around a vertical axis and which can be switched between exact linear and circular polarization operation and has very low secondary peaks in the azimuth diagram.
  • a cosec2 diagram should be generated in the elevation plane without difficulty and IFF emitters should be integrated.
  • the search radar antenna according to the invention is suitable for a frequency bandwidth that is at least 10%.
  • the distributors arranged behind the carrier plate can be made very compact, so that the entire antenna can be built extremely flat and thus suitable for high mobility.
  • Linear polarization is switched on when the 0 o / 90 o phase shifter is switched to 0 o , so that there are not only matching amplitude, but also phase relationships at the two coupling devices of each radiator.
  • Circular polarization occurs when the 0 o / 90 o phase shifter is set to 90 o, so that although the same on the two coupling units amplitude but consist to 90 ° different phase relationships. If a switchable 0 o / 90 o phase shifter is inserted in each of the two feed paths, you can choose between left or right circular polarization, depending on which phase shifter is set to 90 o .
  • an IFF antenna (Identification-Friend-Foe; Freund-Feind-Kennung) can be easily integrated.
  • IFF antenna Identity-Friend-Foe; Freund-Feind-Kennung
  • Rows of forwardly projecting dipole radiators or a grid-like radiator structure are arranged on a dielectric plate, the feed lines to the dipole radiators or to the grid-like radiator structure through the carrier plate and between the distributors or partly through them to an IFF distributor behind them with sums -Difference hybrid can be performed.
  • An SLS radiator can also be attached to the top of the antenna for the purpose of suppressing the sidelong signal.
  • the radar antenna itself consists of a multiplicity of individual radiators arranged in horizontal rows and vertical columns, which are formed by waveguide radiators 1 which are open towards the front and each have a funnel attachment 12 at the front, for example a diagonal funnel.
  • a support plate is used to hold the waveguide radiator 1 2 is provided, which has 1 openings 3 for receiving or forming waveguide radiators.
  • vertical distributors 10 Arranged behind the carrier plate 2 for the radiators are in each case one column for supplying these radiators with a provided amplitude and phase, vertical distributors 10 designed as vertically running waveguides. A vertical distributor 10 is thus provided for each column.
  • the inputs of all vertical distributors 10 are fed by correspondingly arranged outputs of a horizontal distributor 11 running horizontally behind them.
  • the horizontal distributor 11 is connected with its input via a feed line to the actual radar device.
  • the carrier plate 2 can for example consist of metal, in particular aluminum, or metallized plastic.
  • the waveguide radiators 1 can also be metallized with their funnel extensions 12.
  • three rows of dipole radiators 16 projecting forward are arranged on the carrier plate 2 in the exemplary embodiment shown, the front surface of the carrier plate 2 being used as a reflector.
  • the feed lines 17 to the dipole radiators 16 are routed through the carrier plate 2 and partly through the horizontal distributor 11 and between the vertical distributors 10 to an IFF distributor with a sum-difference hybrid which is not visible in FIG. 1.
  • the carrier plate 2 with the openings of all the waveguide emitters 1 accommodated therein and the IFF dipole emitters 16 are covered on the aperture side by a low-loss radome 18.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of a circular search radar antenna according to the invention rotating about a vertical axis.
  • This antenna is what the primary radar is 1, however, IFF dipoles are not present in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, so that a radome 19 can be applied as a flat plate directly to the carrier plate 2 at the front, and this results in an even considerably flatter one Design results.
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show views of a similar exemplary embodiment of a search radar antenna according to the invention from the front, from the side and from above.
  • the waveguide radiators 1 which are the front with a funnel neck, for example a pyramidal hopper 12 or diagonal hopper 13 which are two 90 o offset coupling devices 4, 5 for double feeding coaxially carried by the beam rear side.
  • a polarization switching device 6 is provided, by means of which a switch between a linear and circular polarization can be carried out by actuating a 0 o / 90 o phase shifter 7 which is also located on the back of the radiator.
  • Switchable phase shifter 7 are in the two supply paths 8, inserted to the spatially offset by 90 o coupling devices 4, 5.
  • the inputs of all vertical distributors 10 are fed by correspondingly arranged outputs of the horizontal distributor 11 running horizontally behind them.
  • the amplitude distribution along the horizontal distributor 11 is set in such a way that the radar antenna has a very high attenuation of the auxiliary zips.
  • one of the waveguide radiators 1 has a funnel attachment which is designed as a diagonal funnel 13.
  • the two coupling devices offset by 90 o 14, 15 to the double feed are in this case o spatially offset by ⁇ 45 relative to the horizontal plane.
  • the two coupling devices 14, 15 are excited with the same phase and amplitude.
  • a funnel attachment 12 in the form of a pyramid funnel is provided in the other exemplary waveguide radiators 1.
  • the same type of waveguide radiator can be used in an antenna, for example only those with a pyramid funnel or a diagonal funnel.
  • the switchover between horizontal and circular polarization takes place in all cases by switching on a 0 o / 90 o phase shifter 7 in one of the two feed paths 8, 9 of each polarization switching device 6.
  • the vertical distributors 10 can be serial, parallel, in phase (equiphase) or different phases operate.
  • the vertical distributor 10 can the waveguide radiator 1 with the phase required for a cosecans-shaped vertical diagram.
  • special phase shifters can also be used to set a special radiation diagram, e.g. a cosec2 characteristic can be provided.
  • the polarization switching devices 6 can also additionally contain switchable phase shifters, which allow the switching on of another beam shape, e.g. instead of a cosec2 characteristic, a pencil or fan beam.
  • a double version of all distributors 10, 11, ie two vertical distributors per radiator column and one horizontal distributor for each of the two vertical distributors of all radiator columns, and one one-time 0 o / 90 o or 0 o / ⁇ 90 o phase switching can be used.
  • All vertical distributors 10 can also be incorporated in a common plate.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP93107897A 1992-05-22 1993-05-14 Antenne de radar de surveillance à configuration plate Expired - Lifetime EP0570863B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4217091 1992-05-22
DE4217091 1992-05-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0570863A2 true EP0570863A2 (fr) 1993-11-24
EP0570863A3 EP0570863A3 (fr) 1994-04-13
EP0570863B1 EP0570863B1 (fr) 1999-04-14

Family

ID=6459558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93107897A Expired - Lifetime EP0570863B1 (fr) 1992-05-22 1993-05-14 Antenne de radar de surveillance à configuration plate

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0570863B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59309507D1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19608622A1 (de) * 1996-03-06 1997-09-11 Sel Alcatel Ag Antennenanordnung und Sende- und Empfangsanlage damit
WO1999036986A3 (fr) * 1998-01-13 1999-09-23 Raytheon Co Architecture de matrice de cornets carres utilisant des jonctions pliees
EP2083479A1 (fr) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-29 The Boeing Company Ouverture structurelle d'alimentation pour antennes en réseau phasées basées dans l'espace
WO2015169469A1 (fr) * 2014-05-06 2015-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif d'antenne pour véhicule
US20240006772A1 (en) * 2020-11-25 2024-01-04 Saab Ab Antenna arrangement

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111463573B (zh) * 2020-04-21 2021-03-05 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 一种双频段高隔离宽角扫描复合口径阵面天线

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5443659A (en) * 1977-09-13 1979-04-06 Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency Antenna unit
GB2058468B (en) * 1979-08-23 1983-10-12 Marconi Co Ltd Dual frequency aerial feed arrangement
WO1989009501A1 (fr) * 1988-03-30 1989-10-05 British Satellite Broadcasting Limited Systeme d'antennes plates a plateaux
DE3915048A1 (de) * 1989-05-08 1990-11-15 Siemens Ag Elektronisch phasengesteuerte antennenanordnung
JPH04234201A (ja) * 1990-08-06 1992-08-21 Harry J Gould 電子的に回転可能な偏波アンテナ給電装置
US5304999A (en) * 1991-11-20 1994-04-19 Electromagnetic Sciences, Inc. Polarization agility in an RF radiator module for use in a phased array

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19608622A1 (de) * 1996-03-06 1997-09-11 Sel Alcatel Ag Antennenanordnung und Sende- und Empfangsanlage damit
WO1999036986A3 (fr) * 1998-01-13 1999-09-23 Raytheon Co Architecture de matrice de cornets carres utilisant des jonctions pliees
US6034647A (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-03-07 Raytheon Company Boxhorn array architecture using folded junctions
AU718880B2 (en) * 1998-01-13 2000-04-20 Raytheon Company Boxhorn array architecture using folded junctions
EP2083479A1 (fr) * 2008-01-23 2009-07-29 The Boeing Company Ouverture structurelle d'alimentation pour antennes en réseau phasées basées dans l'espace
US7948443B2 (en) 2008-01-23 2011-05-24 The Boeing Company Structural feed aperture for space based phased array antennas
WO2015169469A1 (fr) * 2014-05-06 2015-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif d'antenne pour véhicule
US10128567B2 (en) 2014-05-06 2018-11-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Antenna device for a vehicle
US20240006772A1 (en) * 2020-11-25 2024-01-04 Saab Ab Antenna arrangement
US12609453B2 (en) * 2020-11-25 2026-04-21 Saab Ab Antenna arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0570863A3 (fr) 1994-04-13
EP0570863B1 (fr) 1999-04-14
DE59309507D1 (de) 1999-05-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE10256960B3 (de) Zweidimensionales Antennen-Array
DE19627015C2 (de) Antennenfeld
EP1082782B1 (fr) Antenne multigamme a polarisation double
DE2638539C2 (fr)
DE69619436T2 (de) Gruppenantenne mit zwei Polarisationen und einer gemeinsamen Apertur, gebildet durch eine planare, Wellenleiter gespeiste Schlitzgruppe und eine lineare Short-Backfire-Gruppe
DE68922041T2 (de) Ebene Antennengruppe mit gedruckten coplanaren Wellenleiter-Speiseleitungen in Zusammenwirkung mit Oeffnungen in einer Grundplatte.
EP2735055B1 (fr) Antenne à réflecteur pour un radar à ouverture synthétique
DE69014099T2 (de) Iff-bordantenne mit schaltbaren strahlungsdiagrammen.
DE2815453A1 (de) Streuungsfreie ultrahochfrequenzantenne mit elektronischer ablenkung
DE2158416A1 (de) Antennenanordnung
DE2610324A1 (de) Phasengesteuerte antennenzeile
DE60225453T2 (de) Konforme, zweidimensionale elektronisch gesteuerte antenne mit butlermatrix und elektronisch gesteuerter linsengruppe (esa)
DE3917138A1 (de) Ebene antenne
DE69212378T2 (de) Antenne mit geformter Strahlungskeule und hohem Gewinn
DE2632615C3 (de) Satelliten-Nachrichtenübertragungssystem
EP0570863A2 (fr) Antenne de radar de surveillance à configuration plate
EP2485329B1 (fr) Antenne groupée
DE2810483C2 (de) Antenne mit einem Schlitze aufweisenden Speisehohlleiter und einer mit diesem einen Winkel einschließenden Strahlerzeile
DE4014133A1 (de) Planarantenne
EP1006608B1 (fr) Agencement d'antenne à couches multiples
DE3840451A1 (de) Linsenantenne
DE1901242B2 (de) Speiseeinrichtung fuer eine antenne mit elektronisch schwenkbarer richtcharakteristik
DE3915048C2 (fr)
DE102015226026B4 (de) Antennenfeld
DE69421836T2 (de) Gruppenantenne

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19941006

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19961206

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: DAIMLER-BENZ AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: DAIMLERCHRYSLER AG

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB

ET Fr: translation filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59309507

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19990520

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19990719

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 732E

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: TP

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20030428

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20030512

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20030514

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20040514

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041201

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20040514

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST