EP0571732A2 - Four pour la fusion de métaux - Google Patents

Four pour la fusion de métaux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0571732A2
EP0571732A2 EP93104615A EP93104615A EP0571732A2 EP 0571732 A2 EP0571732 A2 EP 0571732A2 EP 93104615 A EP93104615 A EP 93104615A EP 93104615 A EP93104615 A EP 93104615A EP 0571732 A2 EP0571732 A2 EP 0571732A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
melting
chamber
cone
melting furnace
grate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93104615A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0571732A3 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westofen GmbH
Original Assignee
Westofen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westofen GmbH filed Critical Westofen GmbH
Publication of EP0571732A2 publication Critical patent/EP0571732A2/fr
Publication of EP0571732A3 publication Critical patent/EP0571732A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/045—Multiple chambers, e.g. one of which is used for charging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/20—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
    • F27D2003/0083—Means for stirring the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F27D2003/124—Sleds; Transport supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation
    • F27D2019/0071—Regulation using position sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D2099/0043—Impulse burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D2099/0085—Accessories
    • F27D2099/0098—Means for moving the furnace

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a melting furnace for melting metal, in particular non-ferrous metal, with a melting chamber into which at least one burner nozzle opens and which can be fed with melt material from above via a central shaft.
  • Such a melting furnace is described in DE 32 47 023 A1.
  • the shaft narrows to the melting chamber and the cross section of the melting chamber is no more than the narrowest cross section of the shaft.
  • the melting chamber is completely filled with melting material.
  • the burner flames work directly in the melting material. This creates an uneven heat distribution in the melting material, which can lead to undesired burn-up.
  • a swiveling basket is arranged in the shaft of DE 32 47 023 A1 as the loading device. This leads to a preheating of the melting material. However, the melting chamber can only be charged on one side and in batches using the basket.
  • DE 34 44 181 A1 describes a charging device for a melting furnace. There, a container is provided in which the melting material is heated in a preheating chamber and in which the preheated melting material is brought into the melting chamber.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a melting furnace of the type mentioned, in which the melting of the melting material is improved.
  • the above object is achieved in a melting furnace of the type mentioned at the outset in that the cross section of the melting chamber is expanded compared to the cross section of the shaft, in that the melting material forms a pouring cone in the melting chamber, with a free space between the pouring cone and the melting chamber wall, and in that the burner nozzle or the burner nozzles is or are directed approximately tangentially to the circumference of the pouring cone into the free space.
  • the melting material in the melting chamber forming a free cone on the circumference, is uniformly acted upon by the burner flames. This considerably improves the melting of the melting material and reduces its burn-up. It is also possible to lower the temperature in the melting chamber without impairing the melting of the material to be melted.
  • the burner flame or the burner flames "wash around” the cone of the melted material, so that it melts from its circumference to the inside of the cone, the melted material itself transmitting the heat of the burner flames in the flushing cone from the outside to the inside.
  • the melting chamber has a round, in particular circular or oval, cross section. This improves the uniform "flushing" of the pouring cone compared to other cross sections of the melting chamber.
  • the loading device consists of a grate with horizontally movable frames, which can be controlled from a closed position into an open position to form the pouring cone. This allows the desired cone of bulk to be maintained in a simple manner by metering the tracked melting material.
  • the shaft widens conically from bottom to top towards the grate. This supports the setting of the pouring cone. Because of the grate mentioned, it is possible to provide the loading chamber with a lateral loading opening above the grate. The rust prevents the side loading opening hampers the setting of the desired pouring cone.
  • the frames of the grate preferably consist of a refractory, ceramic or metallic material.
  • the grate is also suitable for preheating the melting material above it by letting exhaust gas from the melting chamber pass upwards.
  • a melting furnace 1 is arranged on a longitudinal slide 2. This can be moved on rails 4 in the horizontal longitudinal direction A (see FIG. 2) by means of drivable rollers 3. The rails 4 continue on a cross slide 5. This can be moved with rollers 6 on rails 7 in the horizontal transverse direction B (cf. FIG. 1, FIG. 2). The cross slide 5 is displaceable by means of a drive 8.
  • the melting furnace 1 has a melting chamber 9 described in more detail below. This is provided with an inclined base 10, which leads to a transfer snorkel 11 which projects beyond the melting furnace 1 and is cylindrical on its outer circumference. The central axis of the transfer snorkel 11 is labeled C.
  • a holding oven 12 is mounted on a bearing 13 and a bearing 14 so as to be tiltable about an axis of rotation D.
  • a rotary drive 15 is integrated in the bearing 14.
  • the axis of rotation D is aligned with the central axis C of the transfer snorkel 11 and is parallel to the horizontal transverse direction B.
  • the holding furnace 12 has an outlet 16 which, in the rest position, lies above the maximum melt level S.
  • the maximum melt level S lies below an end opening 17 of the holding furnace 12, through which the overflow snorkel 11 projects into the holding furnace 12 (see FIG. 3).
  • a labyrinth seal 18 is formed on the outside of the transfer snorkel 11 and at the opening 17 and can be acted upon, for example, by inert gas.
  • the transfer snorkel 11, the opening 17 and the labyrinth seal 18 form a coupling device in the transfer area between the melting furnace 1 and the holding furnace 12.
  • a heating device 19 is provided on the holding furnace 12.
  • a flue gas outlet pipe 20 and a heat recovery pipe 21 are connected to it.
  • the melting furnace 1 In regular melting operation, the melting furnace 1 is connected to the holding furnace 12 via the coupling device 11, 17, 18 and melt flows from the melting chamber 9 through the transfer snorkel 11 into the holding furnace 12. If this melt is to be poured, the holding furnace 12 is then Rotary drive 15 tilted about the axis of rotation D, so that melt flows out through the outlet 16. The coupling device 11, 17, 18 does not have to be separated for this. The melting furnace 1 can therefore continue to operate in the melting mode. Since it is not moved with the holding furnace 12, the operating conditions do not change in it.
  • the cross slide 5 is moved in the transverse direction B (to the left in FIG. 1) until the transfer snorkel 11 leaves the opening 17 of the holding furnace 12.
  • the labyrinth seal 18 loosens easily.
  • the melting furnace 1 can then be moved away on the rails 4 in the longitudinal direction A (upwards in FIG. 2).
  • the holding oven 12 remains fully functional. The melt contained in it can be poured off if necessary. In particular, the holding furnace does not need to be emptied for a repair of the melting furnace 1.
  • a slide can be provided on the holding furnace 12, which closes the opening 17 after the transfer snorkel 11 has been pulled out.
  • the starting of the melting furnace 1 at the holding furnace 12 is done by moving the melting furnace 1 on its longitudinal slide 2 on the cross slide 5 and then moving it by means of the cross slide 5 in the direction of the holding furnace 12 so that its] snorkel 11 into the opening 17 engages, the mutual parts of the labyrinth seal 18 also engaging.
  • a central shaft 22 central to the central axis M thereof.
  • the cross section of the melting chamber 9 with respect to the central axis M is expanded compared to the cross section of the shaft 22.
  • the cross section of the melting chamber 9 with respect to the central axis M is circular (see FIG. 2) or oval.
  • a grate 23 Arranged at the top of the shaft 22 is a grate 23 which can be controlled from a closed position into an open position and which lies at the bottom of a loading chamber 24 in which the heat recovery pipe 21 opens.
  • a conveying device 25 is provided, which pours melt material into the charging chamber 24 from above.
  • a lateral loading opening 26 is provided on the loading chamber 24, through which melting material can be filled. This can be used as an alternative to loading from above, which reduces the overall height of the system.
  • the conveyor 25 is arranged on the longitudinal slide 2.
  • the shaft 22 widens in its area 27 near the loading device 23 from bottom to top towards the loading device 23.
  • the cross sections of the shaft 22 and the melting chamber 9 are dimensioned such that the melting material that has passed through the charging device 23 accumulates in a melting cone K in the melting chamber 9, with a free space 29 remaining between the pouring cone K and the melting chamber wall 28 (see FIG. 4 ).
  • Burner nozzles 30 (see FIG. 2 two burner nozzles) are directed into this free space 29 in such a way that their flame jets strike approximately tangentially on the circumference of the pouring cone K of the melting material.
  • the melting of the bulk material is more uniform compared to the case in which the burner nozzles 30 act radially into a bed of the melting material.
  • This approximately tangential flame exposure to the bulk material in the cone K improves the heat transfer to the melting material. The result of this is that even at a comparatively low melting chamber temperature, the melting material is melted evenly. This also reduces the burn-up.
  • the loading device 23 has two groups 31, 32 (see FIG. 3) of horizontally displaceable frames 33, which can be adjusted by drives 34, 35. With this loading device 23, the desired Set the pouring cone K of the melting material in the melting chamber 9 in a simple manner.
  • the melting material is not discharged into the melting chamber 9 in batches, but rather in smaller quantities (for example through 3 opening stages) or through a slow, continuous opening of the grate 23 in order to maintain the cone of bulk K.
  • a sensor 36 is provided which is directed towards the tip of the cone K of material. If the melting material reaches the tip of the bulk cone K, the frames 33 are not opened further, so that no further bulk material reaches the melting chamber 9. Then, in the course of melting, the melting material sinks under the tip of the pouring cone K, then the frames 33 are moved away from one another, so that further melting material reaches the melting chamber 9.
  • the frames 33 consist of refractory, ceramic or metallic material.
  • the loading device with its frames 31, 32 forms an adjustable grate. This is designed so that even if it is closed per se or does not discharge any melting material into the melting chamber 9, it nevertheless allows hot exhaust gas to pass through the melting material in the charging chamber 24 in order to preheat it.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
EP93104615A 1992-04-07 1993-03-20 Four pour la fusion de métaux. Ceased EP0571732A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924211564 DE4211564C2 (de) 1992-04-07 1992-04-07 Nichteisenmetall-Schmelzofen
DE4211564 1992-04-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0571732A2 true EP0571732A2 (fr) 1993-12-01
EP0571732A3 EP0571732A3 (fr) 1995-05-24

Family

ID=6456239

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93104615A Ceased EP0571732A3 (fr) 1992-04-07 1993-03-20 Four pour la fusion de métaux.

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0571732A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4211564C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0784193A4 (fr) * 1995-08-08 1997-11-12 Nippon Oxygen Co Ltd Four et procede de fusion du metal
WO2000075589A1 (fr) * 1999-06-08 2000-12-14 Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de prechauffage

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB154240A (en) * 1918-08-09 1920-12-02 Ulysses Anderson Garred Improvements in combustion processes and apparatus for smelting ores, melting metalsand the like
US1948696A (en) * 1931-07-09 1934-02-27 Brassert & Co Vertical shaft furnace
US2161180A (en) * 1936-04-27 1939-06-06 Marx Peter Apparatus for melting metals
US3422206A (en) * 1965-04-07 1969-01-14 Union Carbide Corp Method and apparatus for melting metal in an electric furnace
FR1435545A (fr) * 1965-06-01 1966-04-15 Westofen Gmbh Four à cuve pour la fusion de métaux, notamment de riblons d'acier
DE8412739U1 (de) * 1984-04-25 1986-01-23 Fuchs Systemtechnik GmbH, 7601 Willstätt Lichtbogenofen mit Chargiergutvorwärmer
JPS6246186A (ja) * 1985-08-23 1987-02-28 株式会社　環境総研コンサルタント 予熱塔を有する溶解炉
AT384669B (de) * 1986-03-17 1987-12-28 Voest Alpine Ag Anlage zur herstellung von stahl aus schrott
DE3742186A1 (de) * 1987-12-12 1989-06-22 Honsel Werke Ag Anlage und verfahren zum erschmelzen von metallen, insbesondere ne-metallen
AT393901B (de) * 1990-02-09 1992-01-10 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Anlage zur behandlung und erschmelzung von metallen, metallverbindungen und/oder metallegierungen oder zur herstellung von calciumcarbid

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0784193A4 (fr) * 1995-08-08 1997-11-12 Nippon Oxygen Co Ltd Four et procede de fusion du metal
US5888458A (en) * 1995-08-08 1999-03-30 Nippon Sanso Corporation Melting furnace of metals and melting method thereof
WO2000075589A1 (fr) * 1999-06-08 2000-12-14 Sms Demag Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de prechauffage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4211564A1 (de) 1993-10-14
DE4211564C2 (de) 1994-07-07
EP0571732A3 (fr) 1995-05-24

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