EP0582592A1 - Materiau polymere et feuille transparente produite a partir de celui-ci - Google Patents

Materiau polymere et feuille transparente produite a partir de celui-ci

Info

Publication number
EP0582592A1
EP0582592A1 EP92908842A EP92908842A EP0582592A1 EP 0582592 A1 EP0582592 A1 EP 0582592A1 EP 92908842 A EP92908842 A EP 92908842A EP 92908842 A EP92908842 A EP 92908842A EP 0582592 A1 EP0582592 A1 EP 0582592A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hmw
films
hdpe
polymer
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92908842A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0582592A4 (fr
Inventor
Dennis N. Caulfield
Eric George
Alex Vaicunas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BPI Packaging Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
BPI Environmental Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BPI Environmental Inc filed Critical BPI Environmental Inc
Publication of EP0582592A1 publication Critical patent/EP0582592A1/fr
Publication of EP0582592A4 publication Critical patent/EP0582592A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to improvements in high density, and particularly, high density, high molecular weight polyethylene polymers, the use of such improved polymers in film and bag applications, and to a method of producing such improved polymers.
  • High density polyethylene (HDPE) polymers have traditionally not been employed in the production of thin plastic films, plastic bags, and the like, which require high clarity, because these materials do not possess the requisite degree of clarity most commonly desired for many thin plastic film uses.
  • clear (or semi-clear) plastic (i.e., polymeric) films or bags are formed, they are usually formed from low density polyethylene (LDPE) or mixtures of low density polyethylene polymers.
  • LDPE low density polyethylene
  • Conventional HDPE films and/or bags unlike LDPE films and/or bags have little or no gloss in their overall appearance, often making them undesirable to wholesale and retail consumers alike.
  • the following companies produce the bulk of HDPE; Phillips 66, Exxon/Paxon, Occidental Chemical, Quantum Chemical, Solvay Polymers, Chevron Chemical, Union Carbide, Dow Chemical, and Hoechst
  • LDPE films and bags produced have traditionally been prepared from low density polyethylene (LDPE) films. These materials are generally used because they can be cheaply formed into films, and the bags produced therefrom can also be made easily and at relatively low cost. However, the LDPE materials are not without their drawbacks. LDPE films and bags produced
  • LDPE films and bags produced therefrom are typically very clingy, thus making the bags hard to open.
  • LDPE films and bags produced therefrom are not as strong as HDPE films and bags at an equivalent thickness.
  • LDPE films are more flexible than HDPE films, which can make LDPE more difficult to run through machinery. The higher
  • stiffness of HDPE films is one very desirable
  • the present invention represents a dramatic
  • the present invention affords a high density polyethylene material which can be formed into a thin film having many of the desirable qualities of both high and low density polyethylene materials, without the disadvantages associated with either class of material.
  • the film and/or bags produced therefrom are stronger at an equivalent thickness, have the requisite high clarity, and have less cling than those films and/or bags formed from traditional low density polyethylene polymers. Since the polymer of the present invention is a high density polyethylene, less polymer is required to form a film or bag having superior strength characteristics in comparison to the traditional low density polymers. In addition, since the polymer of the present invention is a high molecular weight, high density material, it yields a stiffer film and/or bag at comparable
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,983,704 (Roedel) describes a film of polyethylene comprising a solid ethylene polymer having a density of 0.9137 at 25°C, and from 10 to 50% by weight of an ethylene polymer having a density of 0.9757 at 25oC.
  • U.S. Patent No. 1,234,567 (Tritsch) describes a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having a molecularly oriented polyethylene film backing and a pressure-sensitive adhesive mass on at least one side thereof, said backing comprising a blend of high density
  • polyethylene having a density of from about 0.95 to about 0.98 and low density polyethylene having a density of about 0.92 wherein said high density
  • polyethylene is present in an amount from about 5% to less than about 20 percent of the blend.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,125,548 (Anderson) describes a polyethylene blend comprising 20 to 45 weight percent of a polyethylene having a density of less than 0.920 g/cc, 30 to 60 weight percent of a polyethylene resin having a density of 0.1924 to 0.933 g/cc and at least 10 weight percent of a polyethylene resin having a density above 0.945 g/cc.
  • polyethylene having a density in the range 0.94 to 0.97 and a melt index in the range 0.5 to 10 and a minor amount, i.e., between 0.1 to 10% by weight of said composition of an additive member of the group
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,231,636 (Snyder) describes a composition possessing improved shear strength and resistance to thermal embrittlement comprising 50 to 85 parts by weight of a polyethylene resin having a specific gravity above 0.945 and a melt index between about 0.02 and 8.0 and 50 to 15 parts by weight of a polyethylene resin having a specific gravity between about 0.915 and 0.925 and a melt index between about 0.02 to 25.0.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,375,303 describes a composition comprising low density polyethylene having a density of from about 0.915 to about 0.925 and from about 1 to about 9 percent by weight, based on the weight of the composition of high density, high
  • molecular weight polyethylene of narrow molecular weight distribution having a density of from about 0.930 to about 0.965, a melt index of not more than 0.1 decigrams per minute measured at 44 p.s.i. and 190°C, and a melt flow of not more than 10 decigrams per minute measured at 440 p.s.i. and 190°C, the melt index of said low density polyethylene being no greater than about 30 times the melt index of the high density polyethylene.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,381,060 (Peacock) describes a composition exhibiting freedom from melt fracture comprising low density polyethylene having a density of from about 0.915 to about 0.925, from about 0.3 to about 8 percent by weight of a first high density polyethylene having a density of from about 0.930 to about 0.965, a melt index of not more than 0.1 decigram per minute measured at 44 p.s.i. and 190°C, and a melt flow of not more than 10 decigrams per minute measured at 440 p.s.i.
  • melt index of said low density polyethylene being no greater than about 250 times the melt index of said first high density polyethylene.
  • This paper describes physical properties such as film haze and gloss of low density polyethylene (LDPE), which were correlated with
  • High-Density Polyethylene Samples Two pairs of polyethylenes (HDPE an LDPE) were studied in 14 laboratories. The experiments concentrated on film blowing and laboratory tests. The resins were chosen so that their shear flow behavior was similar, but their film blowing properties differed. Laboratory tests included the following:
  • extensional flow tests were the most sensitive, but other sensitive rheological tests included those that were dominated by long time constants. This includes the complex modulus.
  • Extrusion haze involves melt flow disturbances at the die exit and is, therefore, related to the rheological properties of the resin.
  • the average rheological relaxation time was obtained from dynamic melt rheological data.
  • the present invention is directed to a high
  • HMW-HDPE high density polyethylene
  • the HMW-HDPE polymer of the present invention has a molecular weight range of about 450,000 to 650,000, a density range of from about 0.941 to 0.950, and a melt index of about 0.5 g/10 min.
  • Thin films produced from this composition have the following physical properties:
  • percentage of haze in the films of the present invention is less than about 50 percent, preferably less than about 35 percent, and most preferably less than about 20 percent, as measured by ASTM D-1003.
  • Conventional HDPE polymer based films have haze values typically in excess of 50, 60 and/or 70 percent when measured in this manner. (See Table I and II, infra).
  • values of the films of the present invention are at least about 20, preferably at least about 30 and most preferably at least about 40, as measured by ASTM D-2457.
  • Conventional HDPE polymer based films have gloss values typically below about 15 and/or 10 when measured in this manner. (See Table I and II, infra).
  • High Light Transmission the percentage of light transmission for the films of the present invention are at least about 85 percent, preferably at least about 90 percent, as measured by ASTM D-1003.
  • Conventional HDPE polymer based films have similar high light transmission percentages. Thus, the HDPE polymer of the present invention retains this favorable characteristic. (See Table I and II, infra).
  • the films of the present invention show variation in moisture vapor transmission (MVTR) values when compared to conventional HMW-HDPE polymer films as
  • MVTR values increased from about 3 to 20 percent; while in other cases MVTR values decreased up to about 10 percent.
  • the films of the present invention show an increase in N 2 gas permeation values when compared to conventional HMW-HDPE polymer films ranging from about 1.5% up to about 17.2% as measured using ASTM D-3985. (See Table I and II, infra).
  • films of the present invention show an increase in O 2 gas permeation values when compared to conventional HMW-HDPE polymer films ranging from about 3% up to about 22% as measured using ASTM D-3985. (see Table I and II, infra).
  • thin films is defined as a film having a thickness of less than 1.5 Mil, preferably less than 1.0 Mil, and most preferably less than 0.75 Mil.
  • HMW-HDPE (abbreviated HMW-HDPE) resin
  • Novacor Chemical's Novapol Product Number HD-4045, also know as
  • HMW-LDPE high molecular weight low density polyethylene
  • this invention is also directed to a method of improving the haze properties of clear films prepared from high molecular weight high density polyethylene resins, which method comprises adding a haze reducing amount of a high molecular weight low density polyethylene resin to said HMW-HDPE resins and forming films from the blended resin
  • aforementioned blend of a HMW-HDPE resin and a LDPE resin in this invention is 80% (by weight) of Novacor's Novapol HD-4045 and 20% (by weight) of Quantum USI's Petrothene NA 355.
  • the ranges of these materials which can be effectively used to make the film and/or bags of the present invention are as follows:
  • Quantum LDPE No. NA 355 10% - 90% (by weight) A second preferred polymer blend formulation which has been developed herein is 79% Novacor's
  • the present invention is directed to improvements in high density polyethylene (HDPE) polymers, the use of such improved polymers in film and bag applications, and to a method of producing such improved polymers.
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • blow-up ratio for film production in this invention is 5:1, and at that ratio, most of the properties described in the data Tables are
  • Example F-1 in Table I the mixed film compositions recited were produced by a physical blending (mixing) of the solid polymers, followed by extrusion. In the case of Example F-1, the polymers were compounded together (melted together) prior to extrusion. From these data and the general level of skill in this field of art, the skilled artisan will be capable of determining, without resort to undue experimentation, other suitable materials which will yield a film and/or bag having the
  • Table II provides additional physical data for some of the polymeric formulations described in Table I.
  • blending i.e., solid mixing
  • the new polymeric material is obtained.
  • the new polymer may be formed during the compounding, in the other, it is clearly formed in situ (i.e., in the extruder).
  • one route used to prepare the novel polymeric composition of the present invention is based upon the physical blending of two (or more) materials together, followed by extrusion of the blend to produce the novel polymeric product, it is envisioned other processes may be employed. For example, given the physical
  • novel polymer of the present invention has exceptional properties, which allows its use in
  • film and/or bag applications including: (a) as a substrate for adhesive laminating, e.g., for pouch packages where high clarity, high strength at reduced gauge, high modulus and heat stability are important. (b) as a "can-liner” for garbage or recycling cans or bins, which represents the first high clarity, HMW HDPE product of its type; particularly for municipal recycling programs. (c) as a carton liner, where high clarity, high barrier (gas) properties are important, e.g., in baking dough transfer and the like.
  • (h) as a heat stable film material e.g., to be used to cover food for microwave warming, heating and cooking.
  • the mixture of HMW-HDPE e.g., the mixture of HMW-HDPE
  • Novapol's HD-4045 and the HMW-LDPE (e.g., Quantum's NA 355) can be run through a commercial blown film
  • a long-stalk bubble shape is recommended if
  • HMW-LDPE films under 1.5 mil are being extruded.
  • the extrudate above the die is kept at the same diameter as the die until the bubble expands to its final diameter just below the frost line, the point where the molten resin solidifies.
  • the long stalk is maintained by a single-lip air ring around the die.
  • Quantum's HMW-LDPE resins for film when blown under long-stalk conditions.
  • Novapol HD-4045 is a high molecular weight, high density film resin for thin gauge, high-strength film applications. This material is advertized by its manufacturer as being designed to be drawn as low as 13 microns (0.5 mil). HD-4045-H offers the film processor high output rates for demanding film applications such as merchandise bags, T-shirt bags, can liners, mailing envelopes and other paper replacement end-uses. HD-4045-H is said to process well on blown film lines designed for high density polyethylene extrusion, as well as on low shear, low L/D grooved barrel
  • Table IV outlines physical properties of HD-4045-H of importance in the present invention.
  • HMW-HDPE high molecular weight high molecular weight high density polyethylenes
  • Such materials include:
  • Petrothene (R) high density polyethylene resins for blown and cast films such as LY 600.
  • High density polyethylene HD-7000F blown film resin (Exxon Chemical Co.) Alathon (R) L5005 HDPE resin, a high
  • HDPE resin (Cain Chemical Inc.) whose broad bimodal molecular weight distribution (MWD) can be controlled by production technology.
  • NA 355 is not the only HMW-LDPE resin which can be used to improve the gloss and haze values of films and bags prepared from
  • HMW-HDPE resins HMW-HDPE resins.
  • the skilled artisan will readily be capable of determining substitute, equivalent, and/or superior materials for formulating polymers, films and/or bags having the unique properties described herein. Physical analysis of several films prepared
  • DSC crystallinity measurements of several films prepared according to the present invention reveal that film clarity and haze are not related to the degree of crystallinity of the final film.
  • Polymer crystal size is also not related to film clarity and haze, as demonstrated by polarized light microscopy and interference microscopy of microtomed cross sections of film. Haze and clarity were found to be related solely to irregular polymer surface features on the inside and outside surfaces of the films. This was initially indicated by interference microscopical examination of film surfaces. This was confirmed by the films becoming optically clear when their surfaces were treated with an immersion oil having a refractive index of 1.5150, similar to
  • photomicrographs correlates with the loss of clarity for individual films.
  • Film clarity was ranked by measuring how far the film could be lifted off printed material and be legible.
  • the Novapol HD-4045 and Petrothene NA 355 are blended together in a 4:1 ratio (i.e., 80% - 20%) respectively.
  • the blend is then run through a blown film extruder at a 4:1 blow-up ratio and produces a 8"
  • Example 1 is repeated, but the formulation
  • Example 1 is repeated, but USI's Petrothene NA 351 is substituted for the NA 355.
  • Example 1 is repeated, but USI's Petrothene NA 357 is substituted for the NA 355.
  • the temperature was raised in order to melt the specimen. Initially, the specimens underwent thermal expansion and exerted an outward normal force on the parallel plates. Therefore, the gap setting had to be adjusted periodically to avoid a normal force overload to the instrument.
  • test specimens began to melt, and the normal forces decreased.
  • the test material was then compressed between the parallel plates until it clearly filled the entire gap. Next, the excess material was trimmed from the edge of the plates. Finally, the test specimen was compressed again, with the operator making sure that the entire gap was filled with polymer melt. Once the temperature of the specimen reached the desired level, the specimen was allowed to equilibrate for 5 minutes before testing was begun.
  • the overall degree of reproducibility was from 2 to 3%. This is considered good.
  • Analysis of the storage modulus versus frequency curves of the pellets and films of material A and the pellets and films of material B showed good agreement (data not shown).
  • the corresponding loss modulus values for pellets and films of materials A and B also showed good agreement (data not shown).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Abstract

Nouveau polymère formé, selon un mode de réalisation, par l'extrusion d'une admixtion (un mélange physique de solides ou une matière fondue et mélangée) d'une résine polyéthylène à poids moléculaire et densité élevés (résine HMW-HDPE) et d'une résine polyéthylène à faible densité et à poids moléculaire élevé (résine HMW-LDPE). On décrit également la formation directe au réacteur de ce polymère. On peut utiliser ce nouveau polymère pour fabriquer des feuilles à brillance élevée et à faible voile et pour former des sacs faciles à ouvrir. On a également prévu un procédé d'amélioration des caractéristiques de voile des feuilles transparentes en plastique préparées à partir de résines HMW-HDPE. Il consiste à ajouter auxdites résines HMW-HDPE une quantité suffisante de résine HMW-LDPE pour réduire le voile, et à former des feuilles à partir du mélange extrudé de résines.
EP92908842A 1991-03-29 1992-03-27 Materiau polymere et feuille transparente produite a partir de celui-ci. Withdrawn EP0582592A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67753491A 1991-03-29 1991-03-29
US677534 2000-10-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0582592A1 true EP0582592A1 (fr) 1994-02-16
EP0582592A4 EP0582592A4 (fr) 1995-02-22

Family

ID=24719100

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92908842A Withdrawn EP0582592A4 (fr) 1991-03-29 1992-03-27 Materiau polymere et feuille transparente produite a partir de celui-ci.

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0582592A4 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06506245A (fr)
AU (1) AU1573492A (fr)
BR (1) BR9205821A (fr)
CA (1) CA2107095A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992017539A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA922301B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0864818A1 (fr) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-16 Air Liquide Sante Developpement Procédé et installation de production d'air de qualité médicale

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2278363B (en) * 1993-05-28 1996-10-30 Chaloke Pungtrakul A method for the prevention of blocking in linear low density polyethylene films
US5902684A (en) * 1996-03-12 1999-05-11 Tenneco Packaging Inc. Multilayered Metallocene stretch wrap films
US5998017A (en) * 1996-03-12 1999-12-07 Tenneco Packaging Stretch wrap films
USRE38429E1 (en) * 1996-03-12 2004-02-17 Tyco Plastics Services Ag Stretch wrap films
US5976682A (en) * 1996-03-12 1999-11-02 Tenneco Packaging Stretch wrap films
US5989725A (en) * 1997-01-16 1999-11-23 Tenneco Packaging Clear high molecular weight film
US6013378A (en) * 1997-03-17 2000-01-11 Tenneco Packaging HMW HDPE film with improved impact strength
US5907942A (en) * 1997-05-21 1999-06-01 Tenneco Packaging Stretch wrap films
US6093480A (en) * 1997-05-21 2000-07-25 Tenneco Packaging Stretch wrap films
US5907943A (en) * 1997-06-11 1999-06-01 Tenneco Packaging Inc. Stretch wrap films
US5922441A (en) * 1997-06-11 1999-07-13 Tenneco Packaging Inc. Stretch wrap films
US6083611A (en) * 1997-11-12 2000-07-04 Tenneco Packaging, Inc. Roll wrap film
GB0425444D0 (en) † 2004-11-18 2004-12-22 Solvay Multimodal composition for tapes, fibres and filaments
RU2535712C2 (ru) * 2009-09-11 2014-12-20 Тетра Лаваль Холдингз Энд Файнэнс С.А. Термомеханически стабильная термосвариваемая пленка с барьерным покрытием, упаковочный ламинат, содержащий эту пленку, упаковочный контейнер, образованный из упаковочного ламината, и способ получения пленки
CA2837591A1 (fr) 2013-12-19 2015-06-19 Nova Chemicals Corporation Composition de polyethylene pour revetement par extrusion
JP6383479B1 (ja) * 2017-02-24 2018-08-29 旭化成株式会社 エチレン系重合体及び成形体
CN112745556A (zh) * 2020-12-10 2021-05-04 金发科技股份有限公司 一种高雾度pe吹膜消光组合物及其制备方法和应用
CN113246569B (zh) * 2021-05-19 2023-06-06 上海紫江彩印包装有限公司 一种聚乙烯标签膜及其制备方法和应用

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US3231636A (en) * 1958-03-20 1966-01-25 Union Carbide Corp High shear strength blends of high and low density polyethylene
US3998914A (en) * 1972-02-01 1976-12-21 Du Pont Of Canada Limited Film from a blend of high density polyethylene and a low density ethylene polymer
FR2493854B1 (fr) * 1980-11-13 1985-10-11 Naphtachimie Sa Compositions de polyethylene ameliorees pour extrusion notamment pour extrusion-soufflage
US4954391A (en) * 1985-11-07 1990-09-04 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha High density polyethylene type transparent film and process for production thereof
JPH075758B2 (ja) * 1987-02-14 1995-01-25 昭和電工株式会社 高密度ポリエチレンフイルムおよびその製造方法
SE457796B (sv) * 1987-06-15 1989-01-30 Neste Oy Transparent, steriliserbar foerpackning av plast

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0864818A1 (fr) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-16 Air Liquide Sante Developpement Procédé et installation de production d'air de qualité médicale
FR2760823A1 (fr) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-18 Air Liquide Sante Sa Procede et installation de production d'air de qualite medicale
AU724964B2 (en) * 1997-03-11 2000-10-05 Air Liquide Sante (International) Process and installation for the production of medical quality air

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1992017539A1 (fr) 1992-10-15
AU1573492A (en) 1992-11-02
CA2107095A1 (fr) 1992-09-30
JPH06506245A (ja) 1994-07-14
BR9205821A (pt) 1994-08-23
ZA922301B (en) 1993-08-23
EP0582592A4 (fr) 1995-02-22

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