EP0587603B1 - Metallbasiswerkstoff, formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie verwendung - Google Patents
Metallbasiswerkstoff, formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie verwendung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0587603B1 EP0587603B1 EP92910484A EP92910484A EP0587603B1 EP 0587603 B1 EP0587603 B1 EP 0587603B1 EP 92910484 A EP92910484 A EP 92910484A EP 92910484 A EP92910484 A EP 92910484A EP 0587603 B1 EP0587603 B1 EP 0587603B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mass
- composite body
- boron carbide
- protection layer
- sintering
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0292—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with more than 5% preformed carbides, nitrides or borides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0057—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on B4C
Definitions
- the invention relates to a powder metallurgical method grinding the starting components together by sintering, Hot pressing, sintering with separate hot isostatic post-compression and a combined sintering / HIP treatment Shaped body and a suitable for its production Process and its use.
- EP 0 341 643 A1 describes a corrosion-resistant cold work steel and a steel matrix-hard material composite material having this cold work steel.
- the cold work steel is formed by hot isostatic pressing of pre-alloyed powder of the following composition, given in% by weight: 2 to 3.5 C, 0 to 1.5 Si, 0 to 1.5 Mn, 23 to 27 Cr, 0.5 to 2 , 5 Mo, 3 to 6 V, balance Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the document also discloses a steel matrix-hard material composite, which is formed by hot isostatic pressing of a powder mixture consisting of 60 to 90% by volume of a pre-alloyed powder of hardenable cold work steel matrix of the above composition and 40 to 10% by volume of a powder of one of the hard materials TiC, Al 2 O 3 , B 4 C, VC or a mixture of two or more of these hard materials.
- the core body contains 4 to 15% by mass of boron carbide, 10 up to 80 mass% chromium, possibly 0.1 to 3 mass% titanium and / or 0.1 to 9 mass% silicon, the rest contains iron.
- Advantageously abrasive wear on the body surface acting forces and temperatures used to with the help of bound and dissolved boron carbide body a very hard and to produce fine grain surface layer that from finely divided metal carbides, metal borides, metal carboborides and very small particles of boron carbide.
- This Layer advantageously forms due to a mechanical Alloy formation with abrasive wear again and again new from.
- the molded body can also contain 0.1 to 3% by mass of titanium and / or 0.1 to 9 mass% silicon can be added, which in particular the mechanical parameters for oxygen-rich starting powders of the end product improved.
- the content is preferably 1% to 2% by mass of titanium and / or silicon.
- the molded body according to the invention has a wear protection layer 30 to 150 ⁇ m thick a higher hardness than that of the core body on only by the action of wear arises and which continues with Continuous wear of the molded body in its surface edge zones reforms while the core remains unchanged. This maintains the toughness of the core body because in contrast to the edge zone, there are only a few hard areas are.
- the flexural strength of the Shaped body values between 1200 and 1900 MPa.
- the core body preferably has a microhardness between 500 up to 900 HV 0.05 and the wear protection layer a micro hardness between 2000 to 3000 HV 0.05.
- the molded body is produced by the method described in claim 6. Iron powder with a grain size of up to 500 ⁇ m, boron carbide powder with crystallite sizes between 10 and 80 ⁇ m are mixed with the other constituents, the mixture is ground with an anhydrous grinding liquid for at least 5 h, dried, sieved and in a subsequent hot press under vacuum or in an inert gas atmosphere at 1100 up to 1200 ° C and a pressure between 1 to 3 kN / cm 2 or sintering at temperatures between 1150 and 1200 ° C with subsequent hot isostatic pressing.
- the harder boron carbide particles are ground with the other substances, the boron carbide particles are "hammered” into the softer particles or the softer alloy components are "plated” onto the harder ones.
- An inert gas such as is preferably used as the inert gas in hot pressing Argon used.
- the moldings according to the invention are suitable excellent as a wear-resistant body during transport, for processing or processing of mineral goods and as machine components, especially for the automotive industry and / or the Agriculture. Furthermore, the materials according to the invention can also be used for cutting tools.
- composition was present in concrete exemplary embodiments: (data in each case in mass%) 1 2nd 3rd Cr 34.5 37 24.5 Fe 55.5 58 65.5 B 4 C 8th 4th 7 Ti 1 0 1 Si 1 1 2nd
- compositions according to Examples 1 to 3 above were mixed, ground with a grinding liquid for 5h, then dried and sieved.
- the average grain size was after sieving 0.02 mm, with the largest grains values up to 0.1mm.
- the final hot pressing was at a temperature of 1100 ° C, the holding time at this temperature was between 10 and 20 minutes.
- the final density the shaped body produced in this way was at least 95%.
- the boron carbide particles dissolved; the protective layer containing boron carbide, however only forms with abrasive surface wear by "mechanical alloy formation".
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Description
So wird als Mahlflüssigkeit vorzugsweise Alkohol, Aceton,
Hexan, Heptan, Benzin und/oder Tetralin verwendet. Das Mahlen wird in einer Kugelmühle durchgeführt. Vorzugsweise wird die gemahlene Mischung mit einem Sieb der Maschenweite von 100 µm abgesiebt.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |
| Cr | 34,5 | 37 | 24,5 |
| Fe | 55,5 | 58 | 65,5 |
| B4C | 8 | 4 | 7 |
| Ti | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Si | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Claims (11)
- Formkörper mit einem Kernkörper aus einem Metallbasiswerkstoff mit 4 bis 15 Massen-% Borcarbid, 10 bis 80 Massen-% Chrom, ggf. 0,1 bis 3 Massen-% Titan und/oder 0,1 bis 9 Massen-% Silizium, Rest Eisen in einer Menge zwischen 10 und 80 Massen-%, wobei die genannten Stoffe als Ausgangsbestandteile gemeinsam vermahlen und durch Sintern und/oder Heißpressen, Sintern mit getrennter heißisostatischer Nachverdichtung oder einer kombinierten Sinter-/HIP-Behandlung hergestellt worden sind, wobei der Formkörper eine 0,03 bis 0,15 mm dicke Verschleißschutzschicht einer höheren Härte aufweist als der des Kernkörpers, die ausschließlich durch das Einwirken einer Verschleißbeanspruchung entstanden ist und sich bei fortschreitender Abnutzung des Formkörpers in dessen Oberflächenrandzonen fortlaufend neu bildet, während der Kernkörper unverändert bleibt.
- Formkörper nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch 50 bis 70 Massen-% Eisen, 4 bis 10 Massen-% Borcarbid und 20 bis 40 Massen-% Chrom.
- Formkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er 1 bis 2 Massen-% Titan und/oder 1 bis 2 Massen-% Silizium enthält.
- Formkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5,, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kernkörper eine Mikrohärte zwischen 500 bis 900 HV 0,05 und die Verschleißschutzschicht eine Mikrohärte zwischen 2000 bis 3000 HV 0,05 besitzt.
- Formkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verschleißschutzschicht aus feinverteilten Metallcarbiden, Metallboriden, Metallcarboboriden und sehr kleinen Borcarbidrestteilchen besteht, die sich infolge einer mechanischen Legierungsbildung beim abrasiven Verschleiß immer wieder neu ausbildet.
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formkörpers nach einem der Anprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Eisenpulver mit einer Korngröße bis 0,5 mm, Borcarbidpulver mit Kristallitgrößen zwischen 0,01 und 0,08 mm sowie den übrigen Bestandteilen vermischt, die Mischung mit einer wasserfreien Mahlflüssigkeit mindestens 5 Stunden vermahlen, getrocknet, abgesiebt und in einem anschließenden Heißpressen unter Vakuum oder einer Inertgasatmosphäre bei 1100°C und einem Druck zwischen 1 bis 3 kN/cm2 oder einem Sintern bei Temperaturen zwischen 1150 bis 1200°C mit anschließendem heißisostatischen Pressen unterzogen wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Mahlflüssigkeit Alkohol, Aceton, Hexan, Heptan, Benzin, und/oder Tetralin verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung in einer Kugelmühle vermahlen wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Mischung nach dem Mahlen mit einem Sieb mit einer Maschenweite von 0,1 mm abgesiebt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Inertgas ein Edelgas , vorzugsweise Argon, verwendet wird.
- Verwendung eines Formkörpers nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 für stark verschleiß beanspruchte Teile, vorzugsweise für Transport, Bearbeitung oder Verarbeitung mineralischer Güter sowie als Maschinerbauteile, insbesondere für die Fahrzeugindustrie oder die Landwirtschaft.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4118067 | 1991-06-01 | ||
| DE4118067A DE4118067A1 (de) | 1991-06-01 | 1991-06-01 | Metallbasiswerkstoff, formkoerper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie verwendung |
| PCT/DE1992/000426 WO1992021783A1 (de) | 1991-06-01 | 1992-05-26 | Metallbasiswerkstoff, formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie verwendung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0587603A1 EP0587603A1 (de) | 1994-03-23 |
| EP0587603B1 true EP0587603B1 (de) | 1999-01-20 |
Family
ID=6433021
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92910484A Expired - Lifetime EP0587603B1 (de) | 1991-06-01 | 1992-05-26 | Metallbasiswerkstoff, formkörper und verfahren zu seiner herstellung sowie verwendung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0587603B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE176007T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4118067A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1992021783A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE470580B (sv) * | 1993-02-11 | 1994-10-03 | Hoeganaes Ab | Järnsvamppulver innefattande hårdfasmaterial |
| JP3381487B2 (ja) * | 1995-11-06 | 2003-02-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 原子力プラント制御棒駆動装置用ローラ及びそれを用いた制御棒駆動装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1329728A (fr) * | 1962-05-04 | 1963-06-14 | Hispano Suiza Lallemant | Perfectionnements apportés aux garnitures de friction, notamment à celles pour freins d'aviation |
| US3306741A (en) * | 1962-09-12 | 1967-02-28 | Hispano Suiza Lallemant Soc | Friction linings and processes for the production of such linings |
| DE2809184A1 (de) * | 1977-03-09 | 1978-09-14 | Krebsoege Gmbh Sintermetall | Verfahren zur herstellung von harten, verschleissfesten werkstuecken |
| DE3714239C2 (de) * | 1987-04-29 | 1996-05-15 | Krupp Ag Hoesch Krupp | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Werkstoffs mit einem Gefüge nanokristalliner Struktur |
| DE3815833A1 (de) * | 1988-05-09 | 1989-11-23 | Seilstorfer Gmbh & Co Metallur | Korrosionsbestaendiger kaltarbeitsstahl und diesen kaltarbeitsstahl aufweisender stahlmatrix-hartstoff-verbundwerkstoff |
-
1991
- 1991-06-01 DE DE4118067A patent/DE4118067A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-05-26 DE DE59209623T patent/DE59209623D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-26 AT AT92910484T patent/ATE176007T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-26 EP EP92910484A patent/EP0587603B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-26 WO PCT/DE1992/000426 patent/WO1992021783A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1992021783A1 (de) | 1992-12-10 |
| DE59209623D1 (de) | 1999-03-04 |
| DE4118067A1 (de) | 1992-12-03 |
| ATE176007T1 (de) | 1999-02-15 |
| EP0587603A1 (de) | 1994-03-23 |
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