EP0591209B1 - Vorrichtung zum spannen eines werkstücks in einer spannvorrichtung, einem werktisch oder dgl. - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum spannen eines werkstücks in einer spannvorrichtung, einem werktisch oder dgl. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0591209B1
EP0591209B1 EP91919010A EP91919010A EP0591209B1 EP 0591209 B1 EP0591209 B1 EP 0591209B1 EP 91919010 A EP91919010 A EP 91919010A EP 91919010 A EP91919010 A EP 91919010A EP 0591209 B1 EP0591209 B1 EP 0591209B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
workpiece
fixture
piston
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91919010A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0591209A1 (de
Inventor
Bengt Larsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hedberg Allan
KELLER, LEIF
Original Assignee
Hedberg Allan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hedberg Allan filed Critical Hedberg Allan
Publication of EP0591209A1 publication Critical patent/EP0591209A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0591209B1 publication Critical patent/EP0591209B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B5/061—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws with fluid drive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B5/00—Clamps
    • B25B5/16—Details, e.g. jaws, jaw attachments
    • B25B5/163—Jaws or jaw attachments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for clamping a workpiece in a fixture, a worktable or the like, comprising a fixture and at least one clamping element associated with the fixture and including a slide member which is movable back and forth relative to a frame or the fixture and with which is associated a clamping member which can be applied directly or indirectly against the workpiece, said slide member being actuated by at least one mechanical spring which in an active state tends to urge the clamping member against the workpiece.
  • each workpiece is clamped on the fixture between a fixed abutment and a movable clamping jaw which, in prior art fixtures, is tightened either by a manually operable screw or hydraulically. None of these two techniques is however fully satisfactory. Clamping the workpieces by means of screws is a monotonous, physically tiresome work, especially when one and the same operator may have to clamp and release hundreds of workpieces every day. This work, therefore, often leads to bodily injuries, e.g. of the shoulders, back, joints and muscles.
  • the technique of clamping workpieces by means of a hydraulic system integrated in each fixture is ergonomically advantageous, the fixtures become very expensive to manufacture and also require considerable maintenance. Also, it cannot be avoided in practice that a certain amount of hydraulic oil leaks out of the system, which means that an initially distinct clamping effect is successively lost.
  • clamping devices of the type stated by way of introduction which operate by means of a mechanical spring which in an active state holds a clamping member urged against the workpiece without the assistance of any long-term-operating hydraulic medium.
  • Devices of this type are previously known from e.g. DE-OS 1,502,860 and 3,610,060.
  • a serious drawback of these known clamping devices is however that the spring, in connection with the release or the clamping of a workpiece, is deactivated by means of a pressure-medium-operated piston and cylinder mechanism integrated in the device. This means that certain pressure-medium lines (both supply and return lines) must be connected to each clamping device.
  • One object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks inherent in prior art clamping constructions by means of a device which operates only with the assistance of a mechanical spring, i.e. without any integrated piston and cylinder mechanism with associated pressure-medium lines, whereby to provide a device which is easy and cheap to manufacture and which does not require any extensive maintenance.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by means of a device which is characterised in that the slide member is associated with a driver and means for constantly maintaining a certain minimum distance or space between the driver and the frame or the fixture, the device comprising a disengaging tool which is common to several clamping elements and which comprises at least one piston and cylinder mechanism actuable by a pressure medium, such as oil, being insertable in said space in order, by actuation of the piston and cylinder mechanism of the tool, to deactivate the spring and move the clamping member away from the workpiece for disengaging this from the fixture.
  • a disengaging tool which is common to several clamping elements and which comprises at least one piston and cylinder mechanism actuable by a pressure medium, such as oil, being insertable in said space in order, by actuation of the piston and cylinder mechanism of the tool, to deactivate the spring and move the clamping member away from the workpiece for disengaging this from the fixture.
  • Figs 1-2 schematically illustrate a fixture 1 for receiving a plurality of workpieces 2 to be positioned and held distinctly clamped in predetermined positions relative to the fixture.
  • the fixture has for each workpiece 2 a stationary abutment 3 and a clamping element, generally designated 4, cooperating therewith.
  • the clamping element 4 comprises a housing 5 which in this case serves as a fixed frame and in which a slide or slide-like member 6 is movable back and forth.
  • the slide 6 has a clamping member 7 which can be applied against the workpiece 2 and which, in the illustrated embodiment, is a cylindrical, partly conical plate with a central, internally threaded hole for receiving a threaded end of the slide 6.
  • the plate 7 can be held in place by means of a locking nut 8.
  • the slide 6 has a driver 9 which, in the illustrated embodiment, is a ring- or plate-shaped head on the slide end.
  • the slide has a piston or piston-like member 10 which is here held in place by means of a locking screw 11.
  • a spring 13 which in this embodiment is a compression spring, preferably a Belleville spring washer. In its active state, the compression spring 13 tends to urge the clamping member 7 against the workpiece 2.
  • the rear end portion 6' of the slide 6 is comparatively thick and extends through a corresponding, relatively large opening 14 in the wall 12.
  • the thick end portion 6' passes at a shoulder portion 15 into a thinner intermediate portion 6''.
  • a stop pin 16 projecting a certain distance into the opening 14.
  • the spring 13 tends to urge the slide 6 to the right in the drawing. This displacement of the slide is however limited by the stop pin 16, defining one end position of the slide and, hence, always maintaining a certain minimum distance or space 17 between the head 9 and the outside of the wall 12.
  • the wall 12 of the housing 5 further has a transverse bore 18 accommodating a second movable stop pin 19 which is displaceable transversely of the direction of movement of the slide 6, between an inactive state, shown in Fig. 1, and an active state, shown in Fig. 2, in which it engages the intermediate portion 6'' of the slide.
  • the displacement of the stop pin 19 can be brought about by operating a knob or lever 20 accessible on the outside of the housing 5.
  • the disengaging tool 21 being part of the inventive device and shown in Fig. 3 has two spaced-apart fork shanks 22, 22', each incorporating a piston and cylinder mechanism 23 and 23', respectively, operable by means of a suitable pressure medium, such as oil. More specifically, this pressure medium can be supplied to the tool through a flexible tube 24.
  • the tool is flat and has plane front and rear faces 25 and 26, respectively.
  • Upon actuation of the mechanisms 23, 23', their pistons can be advanced from the front face 25 of the tool, as illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the recess 27 defined between the two fork shanks 22, 22' of the tool has a width which is at least slightly greater than the diameter of the thickest end portion 6' of the slide 6, but at least slightly smaller than the diameter of the head 9.
  • the clamping device of the invention operates as follows. In its active clamping state shown in Fig. 1, the clamping element 4 urges the workpiece 2 against the abutment 3 by means of the clamping plate 7. When using a powerful spring, such as a Belleville spring washer 13, this clamping action can be performed with a considerable force which can be maintained over a long period of time without any alteration thereof. In this state, the movable stop pin 19 is removed from the slide 6, such that this is freely displaceable in the opening 14. Similarly, nor does the fixed stop pin 16 prevent displacement of the slide to the right towards the workpiece since the shoulder portion 15 is located at a certain distance from the stop pin 16 as long as the workpiece is in place.
  • a powerful spring such as a Belleville spring washer 13
  • the tool 21 When the workpiece 2, after completed machining, should be disengaged from the fixture, the tool 21 is inserted in the space 17 between the slide head 9 and the wall 12 of the housing 5 in the manner shown in Fig. 2.
  • the piston and cylinder mechanisms 23, 23' of the tool whereby the pistons or piston-rod-like members thereof are extended into engagement with the wall 12, the slide head 9 will be moved away from the housing, thus retracting the entire slide. This means that the spring 13 is further compressed and that the clamping plate 7 is removed from the workpiece 2 to enable this to be disengaged from the fixture.
  • the movable stop pin 19 described above makes it possible, when desired, to lock the slide in an inactive state while the workpiece is still in place in the fixture. This locking function is especially advantageous when two or more clamping elements are used for jointly clamping a workpiece.
  • the tool 21 may then be used for disengaging a first clamping element, whose slide is locked in the position shown in Fig. 2 in that the movable stop pin 19, by means of the operating knob 20, is moved into engagement against the intermediate portion 6'' of the slide against the action of a compression spring 20'.
  • the shoulder portion 15 of the slide will lock the stop pin 19, thus prohibiting any further displacement of the slide towards the workpiece.
  • the tool can then be shifted from the first clamping element to one or more other clamping elements which are deactivated and locked in the same way as the first-mentioned clamping element so as to completely disengage the workpiece from all the clamping elements.
  • Figs 4 and 5 illustrate an alternative embodiment in which the frame 5 is a lever, to which a clamping element 4 is permanently connected.
  • this clamping element has a slide member in the form of rod 6 which extends through a hole (not shown) in one end of the lever 5 and which passes into a thicker portion 6' at the top side of the lever.
  • the rod 6 has a head 28, engaged by one end of a compression spring 13, whose opposite end engages the underside of the lever 5.
  • the thicker portion 6' of the slide member has a head 9 serving as a driver. In the manner described above, the disengaging tool 21 can be inserted between the driver head 9 and the frame 5 in order to compress the spring 13.
  • an opening 29 which is elongate in this embodiment and through which a pin or bolt 30 extends, the lower end of which is fixed to the worktable or supporting structure 1 and the opposite end of which carries a washer 31 and a locking nut 32 screwed on to an upper threaded portion of the pin.
  • the tool 21 is inserted between the driver head 9 and the top side of the lever 5, so that the spring 13 can be compressed when the piston rods 23, 23' of the tool 21 are actuated as described above.
  • the pressure exerted by the spring 13 on the lever is suspended, resulting in the release of the workpiece.
  • the lever can be set in different positions in the horizontal direction.
  • the lever can also be adjusted vertically by setting the locking nut 32 in different positions on the pin 30 (at the same time as washers are placed under the head 28 of the rod 6).
  • Figs 6 and 7 illustrate a similar embodiment in which the clamping element 4 is however arranged separate from a lever 34.
  • the lever 34 is connected to a pin 30 having locking means 32 and secured to the supporting structure 1.
  • the compression spring 13 is associated with an independent housing 5'. More specifically, the compression spring 13 is arranged on the upper side of a top wall 35 of the housing 5', while the thicker portion 6' of the slide member extends downwards from the underside of said top wall.
  • the disengaging tool 21 can be inserted in the space between the underside of the top wall and the driver head 9 of the slide member in order, when required, to compress the spring 13 for releasing the workpiece 2 which is held clamped under the end of the lever 34 opposite to the clamping element 4.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates an embodiment in which a clamping bar 34 is adapted to retain workpieces 2 at each of its two ends.
  • the clamping element 4 is incorporated in a housing secured to the underside of the worktable or supporting structure 1 on which the workpieces are placed.
  • the slide member 6 is connected to the bar 34.
  • a driver head 9 is provided on the lower end of the slide member 6, and a disengaging tool 21' can be inserted between the head 9 and the bottom wall 36 of the housing 5.
  • Fig. 9 shows a similar embodiment for clamping two or more workpieces 2 by means of a common bar or plate 34.
  • the compression spring 13 directly engages the underside of the worktable 1, while a thickened portion 6' of the slide member 6 is located on the upper side of the worktable 1.
  • the driver head 9 is directly associated with the thickened portion 6'.
  • the disengaging tool 21 can thus be inserted at the upper side of the worktable 1, more specifically between the worktable and the driver head 9.
  • Fig. 10 again shows an embodiment in which the workpiece 2 is clamped by means of a lever 34.
  • the clamping element 4 is connected to a housing 5 fixed to the worktable or supporting structure 1, the pin or column 30 forming the fulcrum of the lever being also connected to the housing.
  • FIG. 11 shows a clamping device comprising an abutment 3 fixedly mounted on the worktable 1 and a holder, generally designated 39, which is movable relative to the abutment, although lockable in different setting positions relative thereto.
  • a frame 5 is fixedly mounted on the holder 39, while a displaceable member disposed thereon is designated 40.
  • the compression spring 13 is arranged between the frame 5 and the displaceable member 40, the slide member 6 projecting with a thickened portion 6' from the side of the frame 5 opposite to the displaceable member or clamping jaw 40.
  • a head 9, serving as driver, is provided on the slide member 6, as described above.
  • the compression spring 13 urges the clamping jaw 40 against a workpiece 2 disposed between the clamping jaw and the abutment 3.
  • the disengaging tool is inserted in the space between the head 9 and the frame 5, and the compression spring is deactivated by means of the piston and cylinder mechanisms of the tool.
  • a further head 41 accommodated in a cavity in the clamping, jaw 40 and preventing unintentional release of the clamping jaw from the rest of the holder.
  • the clamping element can be designed so as to clamp the workpiece by a tractive force instead of a pressure as illustrated in the drawings.
  • the required clamping force is a tractive force or a pressure exerted on the workpiece, it can be produced either by means of a compression spring, as shown in the drawings, or by means of a tension spring, although the former alternative is preferred in practice, since the force exerted by a compression spring normally exceeds that of a tension spring.
  • a fixed stop pin integrated in the spring housing it is possible, as shown in Figs 4-11, to use other means for ensuring a certain minimum distance between the driver means of the slide member and the housing.
  • the clamping member 7 need not be a plate, but may be designed in many other ways.
  • the clamping member may be e.g. a fork, a ball or the like.
  • the clamping member may simply be a flat end surface of the slide 6.
  • the driver 9, too, may have a shape other than that of an annular head on one end of the slide.
  • the space in which the disengaging tool is insertable may be directly defined by components other than the housing or frame itself, e.g. by a support plate connected to the housing. It should be noted that the invention can be used not only in connection with fixtures of the type stated by way of introduction, but also in connection with other optional supporting structures, such as workbenches.
  • disengaging tool according to the invention can be modified in many different ways.
  • this may thus have more than two (diametrically opposed) piston and cylinder mechanisms, e.g. three or even more, which are suitably distributed along the recess defined by the fork shanks.
  • piston and cylinder mechanisms e.g. three or even more, which are suitably distributed along the recess defined by the fork shanks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Festklemmen eines Werkstücks in einer Spannvorrichtung, einem Arbeitstisch oder dergleichen, mit einer Spanneinrichtung (1) und wenigstens einem Klemmelement (4), das der Spanneinrichtung (1) zugeordnet ist und ein Gleitelement (6) umfaßt, das relativ zu einem Rahmen (5) oder zur Spanneinrichtung vor und zurück beweglich ist, und dem ein Klemmelement (7) zugeordnet ist, das direkt oder indirekt an das Werkstück (2) angelegt werden kann, wobei das Gleitelement durch wenigstens eine mechanische Feder (13) betätigt wird, die in einem aktiven Zustand dazu neigt, das Klemmelement (7) gegen das Werkstück (2) vorzuspannen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß dem Gleitelement (6) ein Treiber (9) und eine Einrichtung (15, 16) zum konstanten Beibehalten eines bestimmten minimalen Abstands oder Raums (17) zwischen dem Treiber (9) und dem Rahmen (5) oder der Spanneinrichtung zugeordnet ist, wobei die Vorrichtung ein Freigabewerkzeug (21) umfaßt, das mehreren Klemmelementen gemeinsam ist und wenigstens einen Kolben- und Zylindermechanismus (23, 23') umfaßt, der durch ein Druckmedium, wie beispielsweise Öl betätigbar ist, das in den Raum (17) einführbar ist, um durch Betätigung des Kolben- und Zylindermechanismus des Werkzeugs die Feder (13) zu entaktivieren und das Klemmelement (7) vom Werkstück (2) wegzubewegen, um es aus der Spanneinrichtung (1) freizugeben.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß der Treiber ein Kopf (9), z.B. ein Ring oder eine Platte ist, der bzw. die vom Gleitelement (6) vorsteht.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Freigabewerkzeug (21) zwei voneinander beabstandete Gabelzinken (22, 22') hat, die mit den Kolben- und Zylindermechanismen (23, 23') versehen sind, die an jede Seite des Gleitelements (6) angelegt werden können.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Klemmelement (4) einen beweglichen Anschlag (19) umfaßt, der, falls gewünscht, dazu dient, das Gleitelement (6) vorübergehend in dem Zustand zu halten, in welchem es vom Werkstück (2) freigegeben ist sowie auch dann, wenn das Werkstück (2) vom Klemmelement entfernt ist, wobei das Werkstück in der Spanneinrichtung verbleibt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß das Klemmelement eine Platte (7) ist, die an einem Ende des Gleitelements (6) vorgesehen ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    daß die Feder eine Druckfeder, wie beispielsweise eine Belleville-Federscheibe (13) ist, die zwischen einer Wand (12) des Gehäuses (5) und einem Kolben oder einem kolbenähnlichen Element (10) auf dem Gleitelement (6) angeordnet ist.
EP91919010A 1990-04-26 1991-03-18 Vorrichtung zum spannen eines werkstücks in einer spannvorrichtung, einem werktisch oder dgl. Expired - Lifetime EP0591209B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9001510 1990-04-26
SE9001510A SE465115B (sv) 1990-04-26 1990-04-26 Anordning foer fastspaenning av ett arbetsstycke i en fixtur
PCT/SE1991/000199 WO1991016171A1 (en) 1990-04-26 1991-03-18 Device for clamping a workpiece in a fixture, a worktable or the like, and tool for disengaging a clamping element included in the device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0591209A1 EP0591209A1 (de) 1994-04-13
EP0591209B1 true EP0591209B1 (de) 1996-05-22

Family

ID=20379306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91919010A Expired - Lifetime EP0591209B1 (de) 1990-04-26 1991-03-18 Vorrichtung zum spannen eines werkstücks in einer spannvorrichtung, einem werktisch oder dgl.

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0591209B1 (de)
AU (1) AU7775691A (de)
DE (1) DE69119788T2 (de)
SE (1) SE465115B (de)
WO (1) WO1991016171A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2706343B1 (fr) * 1993-06-15 1995-08-11 Peugeot Dispositif de maintien d'une pièce à roder sur une machine de rodage.
ITTO20060850A1 (it) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-30 Ansaldo Energia Spa Morsa per trattenere due pezzi durante una lavorazione, in particolare per la realizzazione di palette per turbine a gas
CN102092058A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2011-06-15 太原重工股份有限公司 一种液压切边机的模座夹紧装置
CN108890348B (zh) * 2018-06-28 2019-07-30 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 一种受电弓滑板铝托自动打孔机及其打孔方法
CN112475388A (zh) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-12 张家港台达机械制造有限公司 一种机械加工钻孔装置
DE102020133999B4 (de) * 2020-12-17 2023-09-28 TRUMPF Werkzeugmaschinen SE + Co. KG Nachsetzeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Nachsetzen für ein plattenförmiges Werkstück in einer Bearbeitungsmaschine
CN115647858B (zh) * 2022-10-14 2025-04-22 航天科工火箭技术有限公司 快速定位拉紧固定工装结构及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1502860A1 (de) * 1963-01-09 1969-04-30 Rucoco Walter Cordier Kg Masch Werkzeugmaschine mit einer Einspannvorrichtung fuer das Werkstueck
BE757881A (fr) * 1969-10-24 1971-04-22 Henkel & Cie Gmbh Agent de traitement des textiles
DE3001404A1 (de) * 1980-01-16 1982-08-19 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag, 7990 Friedrichshafen Vorrichtung zum aufspannen eines werkstueckes auf einen spanntisch
DE3610060C2 (de) * 1985-04-26 1987-03-19 Maag-Zahnräder & -Maschinen AG, Zürich Spannvorrichtung zum Festspannen von Werkstücken oder Werkzeugen auf einer Aufspannplatte von Werkzeugmaschinen
DE3605879C1 (de) * 1986-02-24 1986-11-20 Heilmeier & Weinlein Fabrik für Oel-Hydraulik GmbH & Co KG, 81673 München Steuer-Anordnung fuer eine hydromechanische Werkzeug- oder Werkstueckspannvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7775691A (en) 1991-11-11
SE465115B (sv) 1991-07-29
DE69119788T2 (de) 1996-10-31
WO1991016171A1 (en) 1991-10-31
EP0591209A1 (de) 1994-04-13
SE9001510D0 (sv) 1990-04-26
DE69119788D1 (de) 1996-06-27

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