EP0595009A1 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale et centrale fonctionnant suivant ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale et centrale fonctionnant suivant ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0595009A1
EP0595009A1 EP93114883A EP93114883A EP0595009A1 EP 0595009 A1 EP0595009 A1 EP 0595009A1 EP 93114883 A EP93114883 A EP 93114883A EP 93114883 A EP93114883 A EP 93114883A EP 0595009 A1 EP0595009 A1 EP 0595009A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
power plant
steam turbine
flue gas
feed water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93114883A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0595009B1 (fr
Inventor
Eberhard Dipl.-Ing. Wittchow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0595009A1 publication Critical patent/EP0595009A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0595009B1 publication Critical patent/EP0595009B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/008—Adaptations for flue-gas purification in steam generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a power plant with a fossil-fired steam generator, in which the heat contained in the flue gas from the furnace is used to generate steam for a steam turbine and the hot flue gas is denitrified, with preheated feed water under high pressure is evaporated, and the steam generated in this way is overheated before entering the steam turbine and after partial relaxation in the steam turbine. It is also aimed at a power plant operated using this method.
  • the heating surfaces of the fossil-fired steam generator are connected to the water-steam cycle of the steam turbine.
  • the tubes which are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner to form the combustion chamber wall of the steam generator form an evaporator heating surface which is connected to the further heating surfaces which are likewise arranged within the steam generator.
  • These further heating surfaces are usually a high-pressure preheater or economizer for preheating the feed water and a high-pressure superheater for the final superheating of the generated steam, and an intermediate superheater for renewed overheating of the steam partially expanded in a high-pressure part of the steam turbine.
  • Steam is generated by transferring the heat contained in the flue gas from the furnace to the medium flowing in the water-steam cycle.
  • the heating surfaces are arranged to adapt to the temperature profile of the flue gas in different temperature ranges of the steam generator.
  • the intermediate superheater is usually arranged behind the high-pressure superheater and in front of the economizer in the flow direction of the flue gas.
  • a power plant with such a heating surface arrangement within the steam generator is known for example from EP-PS 0 054 601.
  • two further high-pressure preheaters which are connected upstream of this within the water-steam cycle, are provided and are arranged outside the steam generator.
  • the state of live steam i.e. the temperature and pressure of the steam when it enters the steam turbine is at a maximum pressure of 250 bar and a maximum temperature of 545 ° C.
  • a power plant with a denitrification plant or device operating on the principle of selective catalytic reduction (SCR process)
  • this is usually arranged inside the steam generator in the flow direction of the flue gas behind the economizer. Since the temperature of the flue gas inside the steam generator and thus also in the area of the denitrification plant changes when the power plant system changes, the working temperature of the denitrification plant falls below approx. 300 ° to 350 ° C in various operating states, especially in the partial load range. Adequate flue gas cleaning is then no longer possible.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a method for operating a power plant and a corresponding power plant in such a way that a particularly favorable temperature behavior for the function of the denitrification system is ensured, regardless of the load condition. This should be achieved with the least possible technical effort without restricting the overall efficiency of the power plant.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that the feed water is preheated only outside the steam generator and the flue gas is denitrified with the partially relaxed steam immediately after its heat exchange.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the high-pressure part of the steam turbine is approximately constant regardless of the load condition of the power plant. Therefore, if the feed water is preheated only outside the steam generator, ie saving the economizer previously provided, and - seen in the direction of flow of the flue gas - the last water or steam-cooled heating surface of the reheater remains, due to the also almost constant steam temperature at the inlet of the reheater and the flue gas temperature in the area of the denitrification plant almost constant, almost independently of the load. As a result, particularly favorable reaction temperatures are always maintained for the denitrification plant even in the part-load range.
  • the preheating of the feed water can e.g. with the help of an additionally provided heating device.
  • the feed water is advantageously preheated by heat exchange with steam from the steam turbine.
  • a particularly favorable overall efficiency of the power plant is achieved if the pressure of the superheated steam is at least 260 bar in normal operation at full load before it enters the steam turbine.
  • the temperature of the partially released steam should be approximately constant before it overheats again and should not exceed 340 ° C, since this temperature is also the preferred working temperature of the DeNO x system.
  • the combustion chamber wall of which is designed as an evaporator heating surface and comprises a number of tubes which are connected to one another in a gas-tight manner and connected to their inlet ends by an inlet header, and which has an intermediate superheater in front of a DeNO x device in the flow direction of the flue gas, and
  • a feed water preheater connected on the inlet side to a steam turbine, the object is achieved according to the invention in that the feed water preheater is arranged outside the steam generator and on the outlet side is connected directly to the inlet header via a feed water line, and in that the reheater is arranged directly in front of the DeNO x device.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention therefore consist, in particular, in that, on the one hand, the flue gas temperature in the area of the denitrification plant is approximately constant, regardless of the load condition of the power plant.
  • the average combustion chamber wall temperature drops due to a comparatively large temperature difference of the medium at the inlet and outlet of the evaporator heating surface.
  • a fresh steam state at the inlet of the steam turbine can be achieved with a steam pressure of approximately 300 bar and a steam temperature of approximately 600 ° C, with the result that the carbon dioxide emissions of the power plant are particularly low.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
  • the figure shows a power plant with a steam generator which comprises a denitrification plant and the evaporator heating surface of which is directly connected on the inlet side to a feed water preheater arranged outside.
  • the power plant shown in the figure comprises a steam generator 2, the combustion chamber wall 3 of which is constructed to form a vertical gas flue from pipes 4 connected to one another in a gastight manner.
  • the tubes 4 of the combustion chamber wall 3 form the heating surface of an evaporator 5.
  • two high-pressure superheaters 6 and 7 and an intermediate superheater 8 are arranged within the steam generator 2 in a convection duct adjoining the vertical gas flue. These heating surfaces, i.e. the evaporator 5, the superheaters 6 and 7 and the reheater 8 are connected to the water-steam circuit 9 of a steam turbine 10.
  • a combustion system 12 is provided, into which a fuel line 14 opens. It is also inside the steam generator 2 in the flow direction of the flue gas RG generated in the furnace 12, a DeNO x device 15 for denitrification of the flue gas RG is arranged behind the reheater 8.
  • the tubes of the superheater 6 and 7 and the intermediate superheater 8 are connected to collectors 20 to 30 provided outside the steam generator 2.
  • the steam turbine 10 comprises a high pressure part 10a and a medium or low pressure part 10b, which together drive a generator 31.
  • the high-pressure part 10a of the steam turbine 10 is connected on the inlet side to the outlet header 20 of the superheater 7 via a live steam line 32.
  • the superheater 7 is connected via its inlet header 22 to the outlet header 24 of the superheater 6, which in turn is connected to a water-steam separation vessel 34 via its inlet header 26.
  • the water-steam separation vessel 34 is connected on the inlet side to the outlet ends of the tubes 4 of the evaporator 5.
  • the high-pressure part 10 a is also connected on the outlet side via a steam line 36 to the inlet header 28 of the reheater 8.
  • the outlet header 30 of the reheater 14 is connected via a steam line 38 to an inlet of the medium or low pressure part 10b of the steam turbine 10.
  • the medium or low pressure part 10b of the steam turbine 10 is connected on the output side to a condenser 40.
  • a condenser 40 This in turn is connected on the output side to a low-pressure condensate preheater 46 via a condensate line 42, into which a condensate pump 44 is connected.
  • This is on the output side via a feed water line 54 is connected to an inlet header 56, which in turn is connected to the inlet ends of the tubes 4 of the evaporator 5.
  • steam generated within the steam generator 2 is fed to the steam turbine 10.
  • the steam relaxes there and drives the steam turbine 10. This in turn drives the generator 31.
  • the steam is generated by heat transfer from the hot flue gas RG flowing through the steam generator 2 on the primary side to the water or water-steam mixture flowing through the steam generator 2 on the secondary side.
  • the flue gas RG is generated by combustion of fuel B supplied by the combustion system 12 via the fuel line 14.
  • the flue gas RG cooling down on the way through the steam generator 2 is denitrified in the DeNO x device 15.
  • the cleaned flue gas RG leaves the steam generator 2 in the direction of a chimney (not shown).
  • the expanded vapor emerging from the medium or low pressure part 10b flows into the condenser 40 and condenses there.
  • the condensate accumulating in the condenser 40 is conveyed into the feed water tank 48 via the condensate pump 44 and the low-pressure condensate preheater 46. From there, feed water is fed to the inlet manifold 56 of the evaporator 5 by means of the feed water pump 50 via the high-pressure feed water preheater 52.
  • the high-pressure feed water is preheated exclusively outside the steam generator 2.
  • the low-pressure condensate is also preheated outside the steam generator 2.
  • Both the high-pressure feed water preheater 52 and the low-pressure condensate preheater 46 are steamed for preheating fed to the steam turbine 10. This steam is removed from the medium or low-pressure part 10b at suitable extraction points 60 and fed via lines 62 and 64 to the low-pressure condensate preheater 46 and the high-pressure feed water preheater 52.
  • extraction steam is supplied to the feed water tank 48 via a line 66.
  • the preheated and pressurized feed water supplied to the steam generator 2 via the inlet header 56 is evaporated in the evaporator 5.
  • the water-steam mixture produced in this way flows into the water-steam separation vessel 34. There, water and steam are separated from one another. The water leaves the water-steam separation vessel 34 via a line 68.
  • the separated steam is fed to the evaporators 6 and 7 and overheated there.
  • the superheated steam flows through the live steam line 32 into the high-pressure part 10a of the steam turbine 10.
  • the temperature T 1 of the superheated steam when it enters the steam turbine 10 is, for example, 600 ° C.
  • the associated steam pressure is, for example, 300 bar, but at least 260 bar.
  • the temperature T2 of the steam emerging from the high-pressure part 10a with reduced pressure is about 300 to at most 340 ° C. before it is overheated again in the reheater 8.
  • This temperature T2 can be kept approximately constant regardless of the operating state of the power plant. Since - seen in the flow direction of the flue gas RG - the last water or steam-cooled heating surface is the reheater 8, and this is arranged in the steam generator 2 directly in front of the DeNO x system 15, the flue gas temperature in this area within the steam generator 2 also remains approximately constant . For this reason, the required reaction temperatures are always maintained for the DeNO x system 15 regardless of the load, i.e. also in the part-load operation of the power plant.
  • the preheating of the feed water exclusively outside the steam generator 2 saves an economizer which is usually provided between the reheater 8 and the DeNO x system 15.
  • the flue gas temperature in the region of the DeNO x system 15 is advantageously approximately constant regardless of the load.
  • the average temperature of the combustion chamber wall 3 is lowered because the tubes 4 of the evaporator 5 are better cooled.
  • Such a design of the fossil-fired power plant advantageously keeps carbon dioxide emissions particularly low.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
EP93114883A 1992-09-30 1993-09-15 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale et centrale fonctionnant suivant ce procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0595009B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4232881 1992-09-30
DE4232881 1992-09-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0595009A1 true EP0595009A1 (fr) 1994-05-04
EP0595009B1 EP0595009B1 (fr) 1996-01-10

Family

ID=6469296

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93114883A Expired - Lifetime EP0595009B1 (fr) 1992-09-30 1993-09-15 Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale et centrale fonctionnant suivant ce procédé

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6125634A (fr)
EP (1) EP0595009B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3535544B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1056664C (fr)
DE (1) DE59301406D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001697A1 (fr) 1997-06-30 1999-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Generateur de vapeur par recuperation de chaleur perdue
DE102009043499A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines IGCC-Kraftwerkprozesses mit integrierter CO2-Abtrennung
CZ308268B6 (cs) * 2019-04-11 2020-04-01 Vysoká Škola Báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava Parní kotel pro spalování odpadů

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19700899A1 (de) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-23 Siemens Ag Dampfturbine
US7458219B2 (en) * 2001-04-09 2008-12-02 Alstom Technology Ltd. Steam power plant provided with a retrofit kit and method for retrofitting a steam power plant
US7021248B2 (en) 2002-09-06 2006-04-04 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Passive system for optimal NOx reduction via selective catalytic reduction with variable boiler load
US7007474B1 (en) * 2002-12-04 2006-03-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Energy recovery during expansion of compressed gas using power plant low-quality heat sources
DE20313279U1 (de) * 2003-08-27 2003-10-16 Siemens AG, 80333 München Dampfkraftwerk
US7870735B2 (en) * 2007-03-07 2011-01-18 Romanelli Energy Systems, L.L.C. Closed loop expandable gas circuit for power generation
EP2180251A1 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-04-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Générateur de vapeur en continu
EP2180250A1 (fr) * 2008-09-09 2010-04-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Générateur de vapeur en continu
CN102147105B (zh) * 2011-04-11 2012-11-21 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 适用于超高汽温蒸汽参数的倒置煤粉锅炉布置结构
JP6891090B2 (ja) * 2017-10-04 2021-06-18 三菱パワー株式会社 発電プラント及びその運転方法
CN113339831A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-09-03 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种利用工业供汽蒸汽余热加热烟气的系统及工作方法

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DE3344712C1 (de) * 1983-12-10 1985-04-18 Balcke-Dürr AG, 4030 Ratingen Dampferzeuger
JPS61200838A (ja) * 1985-03-04 1986-09-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 脱硝装置付ボイラ
DE3616095A1 (de) * 1985-05-21 1986-11-27 Burmeister & Wain Energi A/S, Virum Dampferzeuger mit katalytischer rauchgasbehandlung und verfahren beim betrieb des dampferzeugers
EP0233998A1 (fr) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-02 Deutsche Babcock Werke Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de réglage à une valeur donnée de la température des fumées
US4875436A (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-10-24 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Waste heat recovery system

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DE3344712C1 (de) * 1983-12-10 1985-04-18 Balcke-Dürr AG, 4030 Ratingen Dampferzeuger
JPS61200838A (ja) * 1985-03-04 1986-09-05 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 脱硝装置付ボイラ
DE3616095A1 (de) * 1985-05-21 1986-11-27 Burmeister & Wain Energi A/S, Virum Dampferzeuger mit katalytischer rauchgasbehandlung und verfahren beim betrieb des dampferzeugers
EP0233998A1 (fr) * 1986-02-28 1987-09-02 Deutsche Babcock Werke Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de réglage à une valeur donnée de la température des fumées
US4875436A (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-10-24 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Waste heat recovery system

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 11, no. 30 (C - 400) 29 January 1987 (1987-01-29) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001697A1 (fr) 1997-06-30 1999-01-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Generateur de vapeur par recuperation de chaleur perdue
DE102009043499A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Uhde Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines IGCC-Kraftwerkprozesses mit integrierter CO2-Abtrennung
CZ308268B6 (cs) * 2019-04-11 2020-04-01 Vysoká Škola Báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava Parní kotel pro spalování odpadů

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US6125634A (en) 2000-10-03
EP0595009B1 (fr) 1996-01-10
JPH06229207A (ja) 1994-08-16
JP3535544B2 (ja) 2004-06-07
DE59301406D1 (de) 1996-02-22
CN1056664C (zh) 2000-09-20
CN1089331A (zh) 1994-07-13

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