EP0596462A2 - Générateur à anche libre - Google Patents

Générateur à anche libre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0596462A2
EP0596462A2 EP93117778A EP93117778A EP0596462A2 EP 0596462 A2 EP0596462 A2 EP 0596462A2 EP 93117778 A EP93117778 A EP 93117778A EP 93117778 A EP93117778 A EP 93117778A EP 0596462 A2 EP0596462 A2 EP 0596462A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tongue
sound
hollow body
resonance
slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93117778A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0596462A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst Zacharias
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Matth Hohner AG
Original Assignee
Matth Hohner AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matth Hohner AG filed Critical Matth Hohner AG
Publication of EP0596462A2 publication Critical patent/EP0596462A2/fr
Publication of EP0596462A3 publication Critical patent/EP0596462A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10B—ORGANS, HARMONIUMS OR SIMILAR WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ASSOCIATED BLOWING APPARATUS
    • G10B3/00—Details or accessories
    • G10B3/08—Pipes, e.g. open pipes, reed pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
    • G10D7/12—Free-reed wind instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • G10D9/02—Mouthpieces; Reeds; Ligatures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reed generator with a piercing tone reed arranged in a slot, optionally located on a reed plate, for producing sound by means of air flow for musical instruments.
  • tongue musical instruments such as accordions and harmonica
  • resounding tongues as tongue generators, which are arranged in the region of corresponding slots on reed plates assigned to the reed cells of a reed body and are bent away from the reed plate with their free end.
  • the penetrating tongues are arranged on one side of the reed plate in such a way that the playing wind is directed against the bending of the reed against the reed plate, otherwise the tongue cannot be made to vibrate.
  • separate tongues are therefore provided on one and the other side of the reed plate with corresponding bends.
  • Striking tongues are also known from organ building, but could not assert themselves against striking tongues there, since the typical tongue sound cannot be changed clearly enough.
  • lingual pipes with penetrating tongues essentially only one sound color is produced, since different cup shapes have only a relatively minor influence on the sound character because of their dependence on the clay tongue.
  • the CH book "Handbuch der Orgelischen GmbH”, Benzinger & Co. AG, Einsiedeln / Switzerland, 1936, pp. 283-291 and 318-324 describes the use of resounding tongues for lingual pipes of organs, the sound being generated in this way that when blowing the clay tongue bent outwards by the blowing wind due to its elasticity against its flexion is pressed into the slot of its tongue frame until it snaps back again after reaching an end position and thus vibrates under the flow pressure and its spring force.
  • the sound produced by the tongue can be slightly influenced by a bell, but the bell serves primarily as a bell.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a reed generator of the type mentioned at the outset, which allows tone generation with a tone color which can be selected within wide limits.
  • the clay tongue and the associated slot are arranged in the lateral region of a head-side section of an elongated resonance hollow body which is open on the foot side and closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber in such a way that the sound tongue is excited by the wind against the direction of immersion in the slot and a coupling vibration representing the acoustically audible sound is generated, which is closer to the natural sound of the resonance hollow body than to the natural sound of the tongue.
  • Such a reed generator has a reed arrangement, which would not allow sound generation in known reed musical instruments such as accordions or harmonica, since the reed would not be bent against the direction of the wind and therefore would not be subject to any restoring force in these instruments, which would only allow oscillation.
  • the restoring force required to generate vibrations is caused by the air column, which is reflected at the closed end of an essentially tubular resonator that carries the tongue.
  • the tongue is therefore straight or, in particular, bent with its free end inwards into the resonator chamber of the resonator and arranged on the inside.
  • the resonator influences the resulting sound spectrum, so that the desired tone color can be determined by appropriately selected resonators.
  • the coupling vibration is determined by the less strongly damped air volume of the resonator and thus largely by its effective length and shape. Due to the forced vibrations of the airspace resonator, overtones of the tongues vibrations can appear strongly in the spectrum of the emitted sound, but these partials can appear in completely different relative strengths than on the tongues.
  • a clarinet-like tone can be transmitted through circular-cylindrical resonators and a trumpet-like tone Generate resonators in the form of funnel-shaped beakers.
  • the sound tongue arranged in this way and coupled to a resonator thus delivers a sound to which the origin of a penetrating sound tongue can no longer be heard.
  • the wide range between the quietest pianissimo and the strongest forte can be played by blowing with a game wind without the frequency changing noticeably.
  • the tone is tuned by choosing the length of the resonance hollow body.
  • 1 and 2 each schematically show a longitudinal section of an embodiment of a tongue generator.
  • the tongue generator shown in FIG. 1 comprises an elongated resonance hollow body 2 with a circular cross section, which is open on the foot side and closed on the head side and forms a resonance chamber 1 and which has an opening 3 in the lateral region of a head-side section which is covered by a reed plate 6 having a slot 5 , which carries a slit 5 essentially covering, penetrating, inner tongue 7.
  • the sound tongue 7 extends in the axial direction of the resonance hollow body 2, the free end of the sound tongue 7 preferably being directed towards the closed end of the resonance hollow body 2.
  • the basic frequency of the tongue 7 corresponds approximately to the resonance frequency of the resonance hollow body 2.
  • the tongue 7 can optionally (as shown in Fig. 1) have a bend directed into the resonance space 2 or straight, i.e. run parallel to the slot 5 and thus to the wall of the resonance hollow body 2 (cf. FIG. 2).
  • the sound tongue 7, a metal or plastic tongue, can also be arranged directly on the resonance hollow body 2, which is then to be provided with the slot 5, so that one can do without the reed plate 6.
  • the resonance hollow body 2 can be injection-molded in one piece with plastic from the tongue 7.
  • a blowing mouthpiece 8 is also provided on the resonance hollow body 2, via which the play wind - generated by blowing in with the mouth or via a bellows, blower or the like. - Is passed past the tongue 7 into the resonance hollow body 2. As a result, the tongue 7, which covers the slot 5 while leaving little play, is set in vibration. The sound that can be generated corresponds to the resulting coupling frequency of the tongue 7 and the resonance hollow body 2.
  • the resonance hollow body 2 is designed to widen in the shape of a funnel on the foot side, wherein lateral openings 9 can additionally be provided in the funnel-shaped area, which additionally influence the timbre.
  • a change in pitch can be done by changing the effective length of the resonance hollow body 2 or the air column vibrating therein, by opening or closing the lateral openings 9 of the resonance hollow body 2 forming the sound tube, more or less, if necessary, and / or the resonance hollow body by a flap mechanism or adjustable ring elements 2 is extended by an attached, slidable, tubular extension. As a result, a vote or re-vote can be carried out.
  • a plurality of tongues 7 can be arranged next to one another for a different fundamental frequency or for a fundamental frequency and different overtone frequencies.
  • Suitable materials for the resonance hollow body 2 are plastics, metals, wood or other materials known from the construction of musical instruments.
  • the game wind for actuating one or more reed generators can be controlled via buttons, flaps, levers and / or valves.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP93117778A 1992-11-06 1993-11-03 Free reed generator Withdrawn EP0596462A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4237528A DE4237528C1 (de) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Zungengenerator
DE4237528 1992-11-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0596462A2 true EP0596462A2 (fr) 1994-05-11
EP0596462A3 EP0596462A3 (en) 1995-10-18

Family

ID=6472287

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93117778A Withdrawn EP0596462A3 (en) 1992-11-06 1993-11-03 Free reed generator

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0596462A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4237528C1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20317561U1 (de) * 2003-11-12 2005-03-31 Ltp Litschka Toys & Premiums G Blasinstrument

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4340544C2 (de) * 1993-11-29 1996-07-18 Hohner Ag Matth Zungenmusikinstrument
DE4340545C2 (de) * 1993-11-29 1996-07-18 Hohner Ag Matth Zungenmusikinstrument
DE9409913U1 (de) * 1994-06-21 1994-08-18 Riha-Plastic GmbH, 79215 Biederbach Zungengenerator für Blasinstrumente
DE19513363C1 (de) * 1995-04-08 1996-03-21 Hohner Ag Matth Zungengenerator

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR546830A (fr) * 1921-11-19 1922-11-24 Perfectionnements aux instruments de musique à vent
US2594306A (en) * 1949-07-20 1952-04-29 Wurlitzer Co Organ reed construction
US2696136A (en) * 1951-05-10 1954-12-07 Rumonoski John Mount for two-way responding reeds

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20317561U1 (de) * 2003-11-12 2005-03-31 Ltp Litschka Toys & Premiums G Blasinstrument

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4237528C1 (de) 1994-01-20
EP0596462A3 (en) 1995-10-18

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