EP0597875A4 - Oxymetre cerebral optique. - Google Patents
Oxymetre cerebral optique.Info
- Publication number
- EP0597875A4 EP0597875A4 EP92913850A EP92913850A EP0597875A4 EP 0597875 A4 EP0597875 A4 EP 0597875A4 EP 92913850 A EP92913850 A EP 92913850A EP 92913850 A EP92913850 A EP 92913850A EP 0597875 A4 EP0597875 A4 EP 0597875A4
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brain
- readout
- cerebral
- spectra
- blood
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000002490 cerebral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000036770 blood supply Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
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- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- INGWEZCOABYORO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(furan-2-yl)-7-methyl-1h-1,8-naphthyridin-4-one Chemical compound N=1C2=NC(C)=CC=C2C(O)=CC=1C1=CC=CO1 INGWEZCOABYORO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001269524 Dura Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 108010002255 deoxyhemoglobin Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002496 oximetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036284 oxygen consumption Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004958 brain cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003925 brain function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004004 carotid artery internal Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013172 carotid endarterectomy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003727 cerebral blood flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004720 cerebrum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000624 ear auricle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 108010036302 hemoglobin AS Proteins 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14552—Details of sensors specially adapted therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/024—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate
- A61B5/02416—Measuring pulse rate or heart rate using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation
- A61B5/02427—Details of sensor
- A61B5/02433—Details of sensor for infrared radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
- A61B5/14553—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration or pH-value ; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid or cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases specially adapted for cerebral tissue
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
- A61B5/4058—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system for evaluating the central nervous system
- A61B5/4064—Evaluating the brain
Definitions
- the invention relates to the novel application of such in vivo methods and apparatus to provide a new form of biomedical device for non-invasively monitoring oxidative metabolism in mammalian (e.g. human) subjects on an in vivo basis, a specific and preferred embodiment of which comprises means for so-monitoring regional oxygen saturation in the brain, and for providing a quantitative readout thereof in terms familiar to medical practitioners, i.e., percent oxygen saturation.
- Spectrophotometry has, of course, long been used as a valuable investigative tool in various scientific fields, particularly biological and medical research, and various applications of the underlying principles utilizing selected wavelengths of light in the near infrared range (often referred to as N.I.R. spectrophotometry) have for quite some time been utilized for certain in vivo procedures and/or investigation on human beings.
- N.I.R. spectrophotometry spectrophotometry
- a frequently-encountered such device is the pulse oximeter conventionally used in hospitals and other medical facilities to provide a direct indication of arterial oxygen saturation by means of a clip or the like which fastens to an appendage such as the ear or finger of the patient.
- the apparatus and methodology in accordance with the invention includes the provision of a convenient and readily-usable sensor which may for example be used in a number of different locations, and/or moved from one location to another, for compara ⁇ tive consideration of the regions selectively accessed and examined, whether cranial or otherwise.
- the cerebral oximeter in accordance with the invention examines, and measures, blood oxygen saturation (and thus, oxidative metabolism) in the entire array of blood vessels present in the cranial region being monitored, which in the brain may generally be considered as comprising (by volume) approximately 75 percent venous, 20 percent arterial, and 5 percent capillary.
- the cerebral oximeter provided in accordance with the invention addresses not only oxygen delivery via hemoglobin molecules moved arterially, but in addition addresses the general, overall state of cerebral oxygen consumption, which is of course directly related to brain vitality and state, and indicative of continued viability.
- the invention provides such information on an instantaneous real-time basis, and as a result provides critical immediate information capable of clearly and quantitatively indicating the need for urgent measures to provide increased or decreased cerebral oxygen supply or consumption (metabolic activity) , momentary responses to which may well prevent serious neurological or other trauma or injury.
- Fig. 2 is a further pictorial schematic representa ⁇ tion somewhat similar to Fig. 1 showing additional aspects of the subject matter disclosed;
- Fig. 4 is a pictorial side view representation of a different form of optical sensor, of a more preferred nature;
- Fig. 5 is a schematic representation depicting the regional examination of the head and brain in accordance with the invention;
- Fig. 9 is a graphical representation showing cerebral vascular oxygenation activity contrasted with extracerebral oxygenation of the scalp and skull, as measured by the near and far detectors provided in the sensor assembly utilized by the invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 pictorially and schematically show the overall or general application of the apparatus and methodology of the invention to the human cerebrum.
- Figs. 1 and 2 show a human subject 10 upon whom apparatus in accordance with the invention is being utilized, such apparatus comprising a sensor means 12 for applying and receiving selected light spectra to a particular region 14 of the brain through or via conductors 16 (which, as subsequently noted, may be electrical or optical in nature) , from or in conjunction with an infrared spectrophotometry unit 18 which includes in part a small digital computer 20 having a monitor 22 on which various forms of readout information may be presented.
- a sensor means 12 for applying and receiving selected light spectra to a particular region 14 of the brain through or via conductors 16 (which, as subsequently noted, may be electrical or optical in nature)
- an infrared spectrophotometry unit 18 which includes in part a small digital computer 20 having a monitor 22 on which various forms of readout information may be presented.
- the sensor assembly 12 applies selected light wavelengths which may emanate from a broadband source 24 (e.g., an incandescent lamp) and be selectively determined by narrow-bandwidth ( onochromatico) filters 26, although as subsequently noted a preferred embodiment utilizes dedicated light-emitting diodes ("L.E.D.s") which produce the selected light spectra, and the computer 20 generally includes an A/D converter section 28, control circuitry 30 (depicted as a circuit board configured to mount in the expansion slots of computer 20) , together with requisite computer memory 32 and an operator control in the form of a keyboard 34.
- a broadband source 24 e.g., an incandescent lamp
- narrow-bandwidth filters 26 narrow-bandwidth filters 26
- L.E.D.s dedicated light-emitting diodes
- the near receiver (40, 140) is close to but spaced a particular distance from the source (38, 138) so that the photons (light energy) which it detects in response to the emission of selected light spectra by the source will traverse primarily only the skin (scalp) and bone (skull) of the subject 10, whereas the "far" receiver (42, 142) is disposed a particular further distance from the source whereby the light energy (photons) which it receives samples a deeper tissue volume comprising primarily brain tissue.
- M ( ) -k (w ⁇ w* + k ⁇ fwA 'Vo
- ⁇ ( . j) a (w. j) ⁇ a( W. j)
- This chart thus shows transit of the tracer through the cerebral vasculature; that is, selective introduction of the tracer in the internal carotid artery results in initial presence thereof only in the deep tissue; thus, ipsilateral spectroscopic measurements made in accordance with the invention show (bottom trace) relatively immediate detection of the tracer at the "far" receiver monitoring the deeper brain tissue, without any attendant indication at the "near” receiver (upper trace) which monitors superficial tissue, etc., until substantially later, after the tracer has recirculated through the heart and entered the external carotid system, at approximately fifty seconds after the initial introduction of the tracer.
- the far receiver also shows recircula- tion of the bolus at this second point in time, as well as graphically displaying the declining persistence of the tracer within the deep tissue over this interval.
- cerebral venous oxygen saturation should constitute an excellent indicator of the adequacy of cerebral oxygen delivery and/or cerebral oxygen extraction, and thus of brain vitality as a general matter. That is, cerebral oxygen extraction causes rapid changes in cerebral venous oxygen saturation when cerebral oxygen delivery decreases for any reason, as for example the presence of systemic hypoxia, cerebral oligemia, systemic anemia, etc. , even though cerebral oxygen consumption may remain normal.
- the very advantageous results obtained through the spatial resolution techniques noted providing for specific and independent monitoring of information from deep vascular beds or tissue, provides for desirable organ-specific or area-specific determina ⁇ tions made well below the skin.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Oxymètre cérébral destiné à être utilisé avec un capteur (12) appuyé sur le front d'un patient, ou une autre zone cranienne sélectionnée, émettant des longueurs d'ondes sélectionnées de rayonnement électromagnétique (par exemple, de la lumière de la plage de l'infrarouge) passant à travers un volume sélectionné de tissu du cerveau, à l'intérieur du crâne du patient. Les longueurs d'ondes émises sont sélectivement absorbées par le sang se trouvant à l'intérieur du tissu du cerveau irradié, présent dans l'apport artériel, véneux, capilaire et/ou autre, et le rayonnement résultant est détecté puis analysé par un ordinateur (20) afin de déterminer la saturation en oxygène de l'hémoglobine de l'apport de sang composite dans le volume sélectionné de tissu du cerveau, avec un affichage se présentant sous la forme d'une valeur particulière quantifiée (par exemple, un nombre représentant la valeur instantanée mesurée), et/ou également dans un affichage graphique ou temporel, par exemple sur le moniteur à écran cathodique (22) de l'ordinateur, les valeurs numériques étant stockées à des fins d'enregistrement ou d'utilisation ultérieure.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US71114791A | 1991-06-06 | 1991-06-06 | |
| US711147 | 1991-06-06 | ||
| PCT/US1992/004654 WO1992021283A1 (fr) | 1991-06-06 | 1992-06-04 | Oxymetre cerebral optique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0597875A1 EP0597875A1 (fr) | 1994-05-25 |
| EP0597875A4 true EP0597875A4 (fr) | 1995-02-08 |
Family
ID=24856954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92913850A Withdrawn EP0597875A4 (fr) | 1991-06-06 | 1992-06-04 | Oxymetre cerebral optique. |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0597875A4 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH07500259A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2110716C (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1992021283A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3142376B2 (ja) | 1992-07-01 | 2001-03-07 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 心理状態測定装置 |
| JP3577335B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-02 | 2004-10-13 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 散乱吸収体計測方法及び装置 |
| JP3433498B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-02 | 2003-08-04 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 散乱吸収体の内部情報計測方法及び装置 |
| US6662033B2 (en) | 1994-04-01 | 2003-12-09 | Nellcor Incorporated | Pulse oximeter and sensor optimized for low saturation |
| US5421329A (en) * | 1994-04-01 | 1995-06-06 | Nellcor, Inc. | Pulse oximeter sensor optimized for low saturation |
| JP3562847B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-15 | 2004-09-08 | 謙 石原 | ヘモグロビン濃度測定装置 |
| US5524617A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-06-11 | Nellcor, Incorporated | Isolated layer pulse oximetry |
| IT1277391B1 (it) * | 1995-07-28 | 1997-11-10 | Romano Deghenghi | Peptidi ciclici analoghi della somatostatina ad attivita' inibitrice dell'ormone della crescita |
| AUPN740796A0 (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 1996-01-25 | Circuitry Systems Limited | Biomedical data collection apparatus |
| AU719852B2 (en) * | 1996-01-04 | 2000-05-18 | Larkace Pty Ltd | Bioenergetic data collection apparatus |
| AU4634799A (en) | 1998-07-04 | 2000-01-24 | Whitland Research Limited | Non-invasive measurement of blood analytes |
| AU5180499A (en) * | 1998-08-13 | 2000-03-06 | Whitland Research Limited | Optical device |
| USRE45607E1 (en) | 1998-10-13 | 2015-07-14 | Covidien Lp | Multi-channel non-invasive tissue oximeter |
| WO2007033318A2 (fr) | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-22 | Edwards Lifesciences Corporation | Mesure spectroscopique continue de l'hemoglobine totale |
| JP5443075B2 (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2014-03-19 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ゲームシステム、生体光計測装置 |
| JP5822444B2 (ja) * | 2010-07-29 | 2015-11-24 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 光測定装置 |
| WO2012061584A2 (fr) | 2010-11-03 | 2012-05-10 | University Of Washington Through Its Center For Commercialization | Détermination de l'oxygénation de tissu in vivo |
| JP5238087B1 (ja) | 2012-02-20 | 2013-07-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 濃度測定装置および濃度測定方法 |
| JP6006668B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-29 | 2016-10-12 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 濃度測定装置および濃度測定方法 |
| CN116421183B (zh) * | 2023-04-26 | 2025-08-22 | 南方科技大学 | 大脑血氧响应监测方法、装置、设备和存储介质 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4281645A (en) * | 1977-06-28 | 1981-08-04 | Duke University, Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring metabolism in body organs |
| US4907876A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1990-03-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kabushiki Kaisha | Examination apparatus for measuring oxygenation in body organs |
| US4807631A (en) * | 1987-10-09 | 1989-02-28 | Critikon, Inc. | Pulse oximetry system |
-
1992
- 1992-06-04 EP EP92913850A patent/EP0597875A4/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-06-04 WO PCT/US1992/004654 patent/WO1992021283A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1992-06-04 JP JP5500635A patent/JPH07500259A/ja active Pending
- 1992-06-04 CA CA002110716A patent/CA2110716C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| MCCORMICK ET AL.: "Noninvasive measurement of regional cerebrovascular oxygen saturation in humans using optical spectroscopy", SPIE PROCEEDINGS OF TIME-RESOLVED SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING OF TISSUES, vol. 1431, 23 January 1991 (1991-01-23), US, pages 294 - 302 * |
| See also references of WO9221283A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1992021283A1 (fr) | 1992-12-10 |
| CA2110716C (fr) | 2003-10-28 |
| JPH07500259A (ja) | 1995-01-12 |
| CA2110716A1 (fr) | 1992-12-10 |
| EP0597875A1 (fr) | 1994-05-25 |
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