EP0604338A1 - Wenig Raum beanspruchende, breitbandige Antenne mit zugehörigem Sendeempfänger - Google Patents

Wenig Raum beanspruchende, breitbandige Antenne mit zugehörigem Sendeempfänger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0604338A1
EP0604338A1 EP93460039A EP93460039A EP0604338A1 EP 0604338 A1 EP0604338 A1 EP 0604338A1 EP 93460039 A EP93460039 A EP 93460039A EP 93460039 A EP93460039 A EP 93460039A EP 0604338 A1 EP0604338 A1 EP 0604338A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
strands
antenna according
horizontal element
horizontal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93460039A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0604338B1 (de
Inventor
Patrice Brachat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Orange SA
Original Assignee
France Telecom SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by France Telecom SA filed Critical France Telecom SA
Publication of EP0604338A1 publication Critical patent/EP0604338A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0604338B1 publication Critical patent/EP0604338B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of radio transmissions. More specifically, the invention relates to transmit and / or receive antennas, in particular for equipment of reduced size, such as portable devices.
  • the invention thus applies, in particular, to telecommunications systems with mobiles.
  • the extension of radiocommunication networks with land mobiles requires the development of portable autonomous stations having the dual functionality of transmitting and receiving microwave signals. These stations must therefore include an integrated antenna.
  • These antennas are generally in the form of a radiating element located outside of a metal case, for example of rectangular shape, constituting the shielding of one or more electronic cards ensuring in particular the modulation and demodulation functions.
  • microwave signals in transmission and reception respectively.
  • Such an antenna in inverted F is shown in section in Figure 1 and in perspective in Figure 2. It consists of a horizontal rectangular conductive element 11 and a vertical conductive element 12. The vertical element 12 performs a function short-circuit on the horizontal element 11, by connecting one of its ends 13 to a ground plane 14.
  • the other end 15 of the horizontal element 11 is open.
  • the microwave signal is conveyed by an excitation coaxial 16, which is connected to the horizontal element 11 at a location 17.
  • the choice of this location 17 between the short-circuited end 13 and the open end 15 of the horizontal element 11 determines the impedance of the antenna thus obtained.
  • the antenna obtained is therefore very compact. Furthermore, the radiation pattern of this antenna is substantially omnidirectional, which is essential for portable devices (this characteristic is generally verified by all antennas with a small footprint).
  • this antenna has very frequency dispersive characteristics, and therefore, consequently, a very low bandwidth, and for example of the order of 2 to 3%. This is due to the fact that this antenna structure behaves substantially like a ⁇ / 4 resonator.
  • the bandwidth of an antenna is defined here as the frequency band over which the Standing Wave Ratio (ROS) is less than 2. This last parameter represents the ability of the antenna to transmit the active power which is which is most critical for small antennas.
  • ROS Standing Wave Ratio
  • This quantity is directly linked to the input impedance of the antenna, which must be adapted to the impedance of the transmission line carrying the microwave signal to be transmitted and / or received.
  • this impedance remains substantially constant (that is to say that the R.O.S remains less than 2) over a large frequency band.
  • a bandwidth of 2 to 3% as obtained using an inverted F antenna is generally insufficient.
  • the invention particularly aims to overcome this drawback of the prior art.
  • an objective of the invention is to provide a compact antenna having a large pass.
  • the invention has in particular the objective of providing such an antenna, the bandwidth of which is at least of the order of 8 to 10%.
  • Another objective of the invention is to provide such an antenna, which is of reduced cost price.
  • the invention aims to provide such an antenna which is easy to produce, and which does not use expensive material.
  • the invention also aims to provide such an antenna, which can operate over a wide range of input impedances, and in particular for input impedances between 10 and 200 Ohms.
  • the invention also aims to provide such an antenna, the tuning frequency of which can be adjusted precisely.
  • an object of the invention is to provide such an antenna, the tuning frequency of which can be modified continuously and quickly, for example to allow alternating operation.
  • the useful volume of the antenna is increased, compared to the known antenna in inverted F. This results in an increase in bandwidth.
  • the overall size of the antenna is not changed.
  • Such an antenna has an omnidirectional type radiation diagram, which is essential, since it is in particular intended to equip portable devices, which can therefore take all positions.
  • the terms “horizontal” and “vertical” are therefore used only to simplify the understanding of the invention, and should not be interpreted strictly. In practice, the concepts of horizontality and verticality will often be defined in relation to a ground plane on which the antenna will be fixed.
  • the device of the invention forms a single antenna (a single vertical short-circuit element and a single intermediate element), and not a combination of two separate antenna elements.
  • At least a first of the strands is a radiating element, and at least a second constitutes an adaptation strand, brought in parallel with the radiation impedance of the first strand.
  • the second strand therefore behaves like an incorporated adaptation circuit.
  • Such an antenna may include two parallel strands.
  • the principle of the invention can also be generalized to more than two strands.
  • said strands of the antenna are of substantially rectangular shape, and have a substantially identical width but different lengths. Other geometrical characteristics can also be retained, depending on the characteristics desired for the antenna.
  • each of said strands is open at its end furthest from said first end of said horizontal element.
  • each of said strands is a resonant element.
  • the end furthest from said first end of said horizontal element of at least one of said strands is connected to the electrical ground of said processing unit, via a short element - additional circuit.
  • the strand short-circuited at its two ends plays the role of adaptation circuit.
  • the combination of the antenna strands provides a resonance loop, which leads to a bandwidth of the order of 10% for example.
  • the strand shorted at its two ends can be, depending on the needs and the desired characteristics, the longest strand or the shortest strand.
  • the two strands can be the same length.
  • the antenna comprises more than two strands, it is possible to combine the advantages of the first and of the second embodiments. One or more strands can then be short-circuited at their two ends.
  • the end furthest from said first end of said horizontal element of at least one of said strands is connected to the electrical ground of said processing unit, by means of a capacity.
  • This operating mode corresponds to an intermediate position between the first embodiment (open circuit) and the second embodiment (short circuit).
  • all the strands of the antenna are connected to the electrical ground of said processing unit, via a capacitor. The tuning of the antenna is thus facilitated.
  • At least one of these capacities is an adjustable capacity (or varactor).
  • the same physical antenna can operate alternately in a transmission band and in a reception band, for example to operate in half-duplex. This saves the cost of installing a second antenna.
  • This technique can of course be generalized to more than two frequency bands.
  • the coaxial cable carrying the microwave signals has an impedance substantially between 10 Ohms to 200 Ohms.
  • the antenna input impedance can be chosen between 10 and 200 Ohms.
  • this impedance can be equal to 50 Ohms.
  • this wavelength ⁇ of said microwave signals is between 100 and 200 mm.
  • the dimensions of the antenna are very small, of the order of a few centimeters.
  • the antenna is located on a box containing said processing unit, said electrical ground corresponding to the electromagnetic shielding of said box.
  • said vertical element and said horizontal element are formed in the same strip of a conductive material.
  • the manufacture of the assembly is particularly simple.
  • the invention therefore relates to a small antenna with large bandwidth.
  • This antenna is in particular intended to equip portable devices, and for example transmitters / receivers of radio communication networks with land mobiles.
  • the antenna of the invention comprises a horizontal element (relative to a ground plane), connected at one of its ends to ground by a vertical short circuit.
  • the main characteristic of the invention is to produce, for example by cutting, at least two substantially parallel antenna strands in the horizontal element. The geometric and connection characteristics of these strands are chosen so as to obtain for the antenna desired characteristics, such as a large bandwidth.
  • the antenna according to the invention can comprise more than two strands, by simple generalization of the examples described.
  • FIG. 3 therefore illustrates a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the antenna 31 (hatched) is located on a housing 32, capable of containing electronic cards (in particular for demodulation and / or modulation of the microwave signals received and / or transmitted by the antenna).
  • the dimensions and shape of this case 32 are of course purely indicative.
  • the base b of the housing is 60 mm, and its height h1 is 150 mm.
  • This box 32 is shielded, and constitutes the ground to which the antenna 31 is connected.
  • the antenna 31 comprises a horizontal element 33, one of the ends 34 of which is connected to ground (shielding of the housing 32) by a vertical short-circuit element 35.
  • the first end of a strand will be used to designate the end connected to the base 36, and the second end of a strand will be the opposite end, that is to say in other words, the end furthest from the first end 34 of the horizontal element 33.
  • the base 36 can be eliminated, the strands 37 and 38 then being directly connected to the vertical element 35.
  • the horizontal element 33 is obtained by cutting a space 39 between the two strands 37 and 38 into a rectangular surface, up to the base 36.
  • a second cutting of a surface 310 is then carried out on the shortest strand 38, to adapt its length.
  • the vertical element 35 and the horizontal element 33 can be formed from the same material, the angle of the end 34 being produced for example by folding.
  • the vertical part 35 can extend along the housing 32, and be fixed to this housing by any suitable fixing means (not shown).
  • the microwave signals are conveyed by an excitation coaxial 311, which connects the electronic card contained in the housing 32 and the horizontal element 33.
  • the location of the connection 312 between the vertical element 35 and the second ends 313 and 314 of the two strands 37 and 38 defines the impedance of the antenna.
  • This connection 312 can be on the base 36 or on one of the strands 37 or 38.
  • the impedance can for example vary between 10 and 200 Ohms.
  • the strands may have different widths, ends of various shapes, etc.
  • the two strands 37 and 38 have their second ends 313 and 314 open.
  • the strand 37 of length ⁇ / 4 resonates at the working frequency f r (corresponding to the wavelength ⁇ ).
  • the second strand 38 is also a resonant element, but at a frequency f ' r , different but close to f r . It behaves like a real incorporated adaptation circuit, placed in parallel with the base and the open circuit. In other words, it is brought back in parallel with the radiation impedance of the other strand, which constitutes the main radiating element.
  • This first embodiment therefore relies on the introduction of multiple resonant frequencies into the antenna.
  • more than two strands can be used.
  • Figure 4 shows the Smith diagram with the impedance curve 41 strand 37 (resonating at f r ).
  • the bandwidth corresponding to this strand 37 alone is defined by the frequencies f1 and f2 corresponding to the intersections of the impedance curve 41 with the hatched disc 42 defining the area where the ROS is less than 2.
  • This bandwidth is written (f2 - f1) / f r , and is typically between 2 and 4%. As already mentioned, such a bandwidth is insufficient in many applications.
  • the element 38 behaves similarly, but at the frequency f ' r . Its impedance curve 51 is illustrated in FIG. 5. The corresponding bandwidth (f4 - f3) / f ' r is also worth approximately 2 to 4%. However, the frequency band [f3, f4] is significantly offset from the frequency band [f1, f2].
  • the coupling of the two radiating strands makes it possible to obtain a resonance loop, if the frequencies f r and f ' r are well chosen, as is illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the impedance curve 61 corresponding to the combination of the strands 37 and 38 has a resonance loop 62, centered on f0. This loop 62 remains in the disk 63 defining the zone in which the ROS is less than 2.
  • FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which one of the antenna strands is short-circuited at its two ends.
  • the general structure of this antenna is similar to that of FIG. 3, as regards the shape of the horizontal 33 and vertical 35 elements. It is therefore not described again.
  • the fundamental difference with the first embodiment is that the strand 72 is no longer open at its second end 313, but short-circuited by a vertical short-circuit element 71 connecting this end 313 to the shielding of the housing 32.
  • This strand 72 therefore no longer plays the role of resonant element, but the role of a short-circuit "stub" (or section), which plays the role of adaptation circuit, making it possible to widen the band on which the the overall input impedance of the antenna remains close to the impedance of the excitation coaxial.
  • stub short-circuit
  • several stubs can be made.
  • the antenna comprises at least three strands, the embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 7 can be combined.
  • FIG. 8 presents the Smith diagram carrying the impedance curve 81 corresponding to the resonant strand 38.
  • the corresponding passband (f2-f1) / f0 is always in the range of 2 to 4%.
  • the Smith diagram of FIG. 9 presents the impedance 91 of the short-circuit "stub" 72. This curve 91 is substantially symmetrical to the curve 81 of FIG. 8.
  • This curve 101 has a resonance loop 102 which remains in the disc 103 of ROS less than 2. Consequently, the bandwidth resulting (f4 - f3) / f0 is again widened, and for example of the order of 10%.
  • Figure 11 shows a third embodiment of the invention. This is in fact a generalization of the antenna of FIGS. 3 and 7, in which the second ends of the strands are neither open nor short-circuited, but connected to ground using capacitors.
  • the antenna 111 comprises a first strand 112, connected to the ground 113 by a capacitor 114, and a second strand 115 connected to the ground by a capacitor 116.
  • These capacitors 114 and 116 make it possible to vary the equivalent length of the strands (which is therefore no longer frozen at ⁇ / 4). This allows fine tuning of the tuning frequency.
  • the antenna strands can have the same physical length, the equivalent length being modified by the capacities. It should be noted, moreover, that it is not compulsory for all the strands to be associated with a capacity. Some of them can be opened or short-circuited.
  • the capacities 114 and 116 are adjustable (these are for example varactors, or several capacities in parallel capable of being selected independently), and controlled (118) by an electronic control circuit 117 placed in the housing 32 It is thus possible to vary at all times and almost instantaneously the passband of the antenna 111. This makes it possible to operate the same physical antenna in several frequency bands, selectively.
  • this antenna 111 allows alternating operation in a transmission band (corresponding to a transmission frequency) and in a reception band (corresponding to a reception frequency).
  • the device equipped with this antenna can therefore operate in "half duplex".
  • FIG. 12 shows, in top view, the horizontal element of an antenna as illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the aim of this embodiment is to operate in the nominal frequency band 2.4 GHz - 2.5 GHz.
  • This impedance can be modified between 10 and 200 Ohms, by modifying this distance d.
  • the longest strand 122 is open at its second end 125, and the shortest strand 123 is short-circuited at its second end 126.
  • FIG. 13 shows the curve 131 for adapting this antenna, that is to say the curve of the R.O.S (on the ordinate) as a function of the frequency (on the abscissa).
  • the R.O.S is less than 2 between 2.37 GHz and 2.55 GHz. This corresponds to a bandwidth of the order of 8%, which is much higher than the bandwidths obtained with the antennas of the prior art.
  • the R.O.S is less than 1.6.
  • the Smith diagram in FIG. 14 shows the impedance curve 141 of the antenna in FIG. 12, between 2 GHz and 3 GHz. Markers 142 and 143 delimit the antenna work area (2.4 - 2.5 GHz).
  • This curve shows that this antenna is not yet fully optimized, and that better centering of the curve 141 relative to the abacus would lead to better performance.
  • the invention also relates to any device for transmitting and / or receiving microwave signals equipped with an antenna according to the invention, as illustrated for example by the housing 32 of Figures 3, 7 and 11.
  • such device can comprise several antennas, and in particular a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP19930460039 1992-12-23 1993-12-20 Wenig Raum beanspruchende, breitbandige Antenne mit zugehörigem Sendeempfänger Expired - Lifetime EP0604338B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9215813 1992-12-23
FR9215813A FR2699740B1 (fr) 1992-12-23 1992-12-23 Antenne large bande à encombrement réduit, et dispositif d'émission et/ou de réception correspondant.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0604338A1 true EP0604338A1 (de) 1994-06-29
EP0604338B1 EP0604338B1 (de) 1998-03-04

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EP (1) EP0604338B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69317235T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2699740B1 (de)

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2288284A (en) * 1994-04-01 1995-10-11 France Telecom Antenna with a radiating element and a shaped resonating element
FR2727250A1 (fr) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-24 Brachat Patrice Antenne large bande monopole en technologie imprimee uniplanaire et dispositif d'emission et/ou de reception incorporant une telle antenne
US5644319A (en) * 1995-05-31 1997-07-01 Industrial Technology Research Institute Multi-resonance horizontal-U shaped antenna
DE19606582A1 (de) * 1996-02-22 1997-10-16 Inst Mobil Und Satellitenfunkt Mobilfunk-N-Antennenvorrichtung
US5764190A (en) * 1996-07-15 1998-06-09 The Hong Kong University Of Science & Technology Capacitively loaded PIFA
WO1998044587A1 (en) * 1997-03-31 1998-10-08 Qualcomm Incorporated Increased bandwidth patch antenna
EP0871238A2 (de) * 1997-03-25 1998-10-14 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Breitbandige Antenne mit kurzgeschlossenen Mikrostreifenleitern
WO1999014861A3 (en) * 1997-09-17 1999-08-05 Logitech Inc Antenna system and apparatus for radio-frequency wireless keyboard
GB2345194A (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-06-28 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Dual band antenna for a handset
GB2345195A (en) * 1998-12-23 2000-06-28 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Dual band antenna for a handset
US6271794B1 (en) 1998-12-22 2001-08-07 Nokia Mobile Phones, Ltd. Dual band antenna for a handset
EP1137097A1 (de) * 2000-03-23 2001-09-26 Ascom Systec AG Antennenkonstruktion
US6333716B1 (en) 1998-12-22 2001-12-25 Nokia Mobile Limited Method for manufacturing an antenna body for a phone
WO2002027865A1 (de) * 2000-09-27 2002-04-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mobile funksende-/funkempfangseinrichtung mit abstimmbarer antenne
WO2002060005A1 (en) * 2001-01-23 2002-08-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Pifa antenna arrangement
EP1154518A3 (de) * 2000-05-08 2002-08-28 Alcatel Integrierte Antenne für Mobilfunktelefone
EP1109251A3 (de) * 1999-12-14 2002-10-09 Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Antenneneinheit und Kommunikationsgerät mit einer derartigen Antenne
WO2003015210A1 (de) * 2001-08-01 2003-02-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Mehrband-funkantenne
WO2003003503A3 (en) * 2001-06-26 2003-05-08 Ethertronics Inc Multi frequency magnetic dipole antenna structures and methods of reusing the volume of an antenna
EP1349109A1 (de) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Karte mit einem Antennenmodul zur Radiokommunikation
WO2004008573A1 (de) * 2002-07-15 2004-01-22 Kathrein-Werke Kg Niedrig bauende dual- oder multibandantenne, insbesondere für kraftfahrzeuge
US6717551B1 (en) 2002-11-12 2004-04-06 Ethertronics, Inc. Low-profile, multi-frequency, multi-band, magnetic dipole antenna
US6744410B2 (en) 2002-05-31 2004-06-01 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi-band, low-profile, capacitively loaded antennas with integrated filters
US6859175B2 (en) 2002-12-03 2005-02-22 Ethertronics, Inc. Multiple frequency antennas with reduced space and relative assembly
GB2406217A (en) * 2003-09-10 2005-03-23 Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc Tuneable antenna
US6906667B1 (en) 2002-02-14 2005-06-14 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi frequency magnetic dipole antenna structures for very low-profile antenna applications
US6911940B2 (en) 2002-11-18 2005-06-28 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi-band reconfigurable capacitively loaded magnetic dipole
US6919857B2 (en) 2003-01-27 2005-07-19 Ethertronics, Inc. Differential mode capacitively loaded magnetic dipole antenna
WO2005069433A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-07-28 Antenova Limited A dual band diversity wlan antenna system for laptop computers, printers and similar devices
EP1569298A1 (de) * 2004-02-24 2005-08-31 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB Fernsehantenne für tragbares Kommunikationsgerät
WO2005081361A1 (en) * 2004-02-24 2005-09-01 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Television antenna for a portable communication device
US6943730B2 (en) 2002-04-25 2005-09-13 Ethertronics Inc. Low-profile, multi-frequency, multi-band, capacitively loaded magnetic dipole antenna
US7084813B2 (en) 2002-12-17 2006-08-01 Ethertronics, Inc. Antennas with reduced space and improved performance
US7123209B1 (en) 2003-02-26 2006-10-17 Ethertronics, Inc. Low-profile, multi-frequency, differential antenna structures
US7339531B2 (en) 2001-06-26 2008-03-04 Ethertronics, Inc. Multi frequency magnetic dipole antenna structures and method of reusing the volume of an antenna
WO2010032066A1 (en) * 2008-09-22 2010-03-25 Antenova Limited Tuneable antennas suitable for portable digital television receivers
US7979089B2 (en) 2005-04-25 2011-07-12 Medtronic, Inc. Wireless data communication card with compact antenna
EP2466552A1 (de) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-20 Continental Automotive GmbH Bordinformationssystem mit Mobilfunkantenne
US10128883B2 (en) 2012-01-13 2018-11-13 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Small antenna apparatus and method for controlling the same

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Cited By (59)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2288284A (en) * 1994-04-01 1995-10-11 France Telecom Antenna with a radiating element and a shaped resonating element
GB2288284B (en) * 1994-04-01 1998-05-27 France Telecom Antenna for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic signals,in particular uhf signals,and device using such an antenna
DE19512003B4 (de) * 1994-04-01 2007-08-16 France Telecom Antenne für die Ausstrahlung und/oder den Empfang elektromagnetischer Signale, insbesondere Ultrahochfrequenzen, und Vorrichtung, welche eine derartige Antenne verwendet
US5835063A (en) * 1994-11-22 1998-11-10 France Telecom Monopole wideband antenna in uniplanar printed circuit technology, and transmission and/or recreption device incorporating such an antenna
FR2727250A1 (fr) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-24 Brachat Patrice Antenne large bande monopole en technologie imprimee uniplanaire et dispositif d'emission et/ou de reception incorporant une telle antenne
EP0714151A1 (de) * 1994-11-22 1996-05-29 France Telecom Breitbandige Monopolantenne in uniplanarer gedruckter Schaltungstechnik und Sende- und/oder Empfangsgerät mit einer derartiger Antenne
US5644319A (en) * 1995-05-31 1997-07-01 Industrial Technology Research Institute Multi-resonance horizontal-U shaped antenna
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Also Published As

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FR2699740A1 (fr) 1994-06-24
FR2699740B1 (fr) 1995-03-03
DE69317235T2 (de) 1998-10-15
EP0604338B1 (de) 1998-03-04
DE69317235D1 (de) 1998-04-09

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