EP0604485A1 - Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von zwischenspannungen. - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von zwischenspannungen.Info
- Publication number
- EP0604485A1 EP0604485A1 EP92919019A EP92919019A EP0604485A1 EP 0604485 A1 EP0604485 A1 EP 0604485A1 EP 92919019 A EP92919019 A EP 92919019A EP 92919019 A EP92919019 A EP 92919019A EP 0604485 A1 EP0604485 A1 EP 0604485A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- voltages
- vpos
- value
- vneg
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F3/00—Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties
- G05F3/02—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F3/08—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC
- G05F3/10—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics
- G05F3/16—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices
- G05F3/18—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable is DC using uncontrolled devices with non-linear characteristics being semiconductor devices using Zener diodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is DC using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for generating a
- bipolar npn transistor which is manufactured using integrated technology, in particular for the differences in voltages which exist between its base region, its insulation / substrate connection and its collector connection, i.e. its epitaxial regions.
- Previously known systems that provide intermediate voltages over a wide range of externally applied voltages, the values of which lie between those of the externally applied voltages, can, for example, be realized as a voltage divider be based. However, they are characterized by a relatively high power loss or by a low dynamic stability, for example by capacitive coupling between epitaxial regions and the substrate.
- a circuit which can be implemented as part of an integrated circuit and whose power loss is below a predetermined value.
- a current is controlled by an arrangement of semiconductor components which essentially implement the effect of a Zener diode in such a way that the intermediate voltage does not fall below a predetermined value, i.e. amount does not exceed the specified value.
- the intermediate voltage generated according to the invention can be used to implement desired circuit functions.
- the device according to the invention also allows the potential of connections of a component, for example as the substrate connection of a bipolar npn transistor, to be set to such a value that the voltage differences between the individual regions of the component do not exceed predetermined values.
- connection means such as housing connections or bond connections
- the device according to the invention is interconnected with a step circuit, for example a cascode circuit, the result is a voltage-proof output stage for controlling further stages.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of the present
- Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the present
- FIG. 4 shows the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 with additional circuit blocks
- FIG. 5 shows a preferred application example for the arrangement according to FIG. 4.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 has a first connection terminal 20, to which a positive voltage Vpos is applied, and which is connected to a first connection of a voltage source 21 and a first end of a resistor 22.
- Vpos has a potential with the represents the highest value occurring in the circuit arrangement under consideration.
- the term "voltage” is also to be understood for other potentials in relation to a hate connection or to another potential, such as Vneg, which represents the potential with the lowest value occurring in the circuit arrangement under consideration.
- the second end of the resistor 22 is connected to a first input 23 of a comparison stage 24.
- a two The input 25 of the comparison stage 24 is connected to a second connection of the voltage source 21.
- the second end of the resistor 22 and the first input 23 of the comparison stage 24 are connected to the cathode of a Zener diode 26.
- the anode of this zener diode 26 is connected to a second connection terminal 27 and to a first input of a current source 28.
- the second connection of this current source 28 is connected to a third connection terminal 29, and a control input of the current source 28 is connected to the output of the comparison stage 24.
- An intermediate voltage Vzw is available at the second connection terminal 27 and the negative voltage Vneg is applied to the third connection terminal 29.
- the Zener diode 26 initially blocks, so that only a very small current flows through the resistor 22 and thus only a small voltage drops across it.
- the Zener diode 26 becomes conductive and a much larger current flows through it, through the resistor 22 and through the current source 28, the value of which is predetermined by the current source 28.
- the value of the intermediate voltage Vzw essentially corresponds to the negative voltage Vneg, ie except for the saturation voltage of the current source 28. This also means that a voltage drops across the resistor 22, the value of which is higher than that of a voltage specified by the voltage source 21.
- the voltage source 21 can be regarded as a setpoint value, the voltage it outputs as a setpoint voltage, or generally as a setpoint signal, and its value as a setpoint.
- the comparison stage 24 recognizes that the voltage drop across the resistor is higher than the target voltage, and then outputs a control signal to the current source 28 so that it regulates back the current impressed by it. This sets a current value such that the intermediate voltage Vzw essentially corresponds to the zener diode blocking voltage and the voltage dropping across the resistor 22 corresponds to the voltage emitted by the voltage source 21.
- FIG. 3 A second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 3. Components were grouped together according to their function. Means, components and assemblies that perform the same function as corresponding means of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 have been given the same reference numerals and they will be dealt with in the following only to the extent that it is important for understanding the present invention.
- the voltage Vpos present at the first connection terminal 20 is forwarded via the resistor 22 to the first input 23 of the comparison stage 24.
- the comparison stage 24 contains a first comparison transistor 24a, a second comparison transistor 24b and a comparison resistor 24c connected to the emitter of the first comparison transistor 24a with a first end, the second end of which leads to the first input 23.
- the collector of the first comparison transistor 24a is connected to the emitter of the second comparison transistor 24b and its collector forms the output of the comparison stage 24.
- the base of the second comparison transistor 24b is connected to the second connection terminal 27, to which the intermediate voltage Vzw is applied.
- the transistors 24a, 24b thus form a cascode stage.
- the first input 23 and the first connection terminal 20 are also connected to a first Zener block 26 ', the function of which corresponds to that of the Zener diode 26.
- This block 26 ' contains Zener transistors 26a, ..., 26e, and a Zener resistor 26f.
- a capacitor 31 for frequency response compensation is arranged between the second connection terminal 27 and the output of the comparison stage 24.
- the current source 28 is formed by a Darlington stage, consisting of a first current source transistor 28a, a second current source transistor 28b and suitable current source resistors 28c, 28d.
- the function of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 essentially corresponds to that of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- the Zener block 26 realizes a Zener voltage Vz due to the selected circuit arrangement, which value
- Vz 4 * Vzt + V BE corresponds to, where
- FIG. 4 connects to the current source 28, the anode of a second Zener block 32, which contains Zener transistors 32a,... 32d, and to the connecting terminal 27 of the cathode thereof.
- This zener block 32 represents a protective circuit in the event that the externally applied voltage (Vpos, Vneg) exceeds predetermined values.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention would act as a Zener diode and the voltage applied to the connecting terminals 20, 29 would have a value of
- a third Zener block 33 is provided, the anode of which is connected to the third terminal 29 and the cathode of which is connected to a fourth terminal 34 and a current mirror 35.
- a voltage Vepi is output, the value of 5 * Vz above is half the voltage Vneg.
- the third zener block 33 is supplied with a small current by the current mirror 35, which contains two transistors 35a, 35b and resistors 35c, 35d.
- the voltage Vepi is of particular interest when the voltages emitted serve to avoid voltage difference values on a component, such as a resistor, which are above permissible values (V CBO ). Such an application will be discussed further below.
- a pre-voltage stage 36 can be provided in the circuit arrangement according to the invention, which outputs a bias voltage Vvs with a predetermined value, for example V BE + 0.6 volts, based on the intermediate voltage Vzw, to a fourth connection terminal 37.
- the output voltages generated by the device according to the invention such as the intermediate voltage Vzw, the voltage Vepi, the bias voltage Vvs, preferably serve to make a further circuit arrangement more voltage-resistant than the voltages Vpos, Vneg applied from the outside.
- a possible downstream circuit arrangement which, on the one hand, brings the full voltage swing (Vpos, Vneg) to its output terminals and, on the other hand, is implemented in an integrated form and whose manufacturing process is designed for reverse voltages which are below the voltage difference Vpos - Vneg is indicated in FIG. 5 .
- a cascode stage consisting of a first cascode transistor 41 and a second cascode transistor 42 is shown there.
- the collector of the first cascode transistor 41 is connected to a first end of a collector resistor 43, the second end of which leads to a first supply connection 44, to which the voltage Vpos is applied.
- the first Supply terminal 44 is also connected to the emitter of a first driver transistor 45, the base of which leads to a cascode input terminal 46.
- the collector of the first driver transistor 45 is connected to the emitter of a second driver transistor 47, the base of the first cascode transistor 41 and the base of a further transistor 48, which is also connected to the collector of the transistor 48. Its emitter is connected on the one hand to a second supply connection 49 and to an input of a current mirror 50. Its output leads to the base of the second driver transistor 47, the collector of which is connected to the base of the second cascode transistor 42 and to a first end of a resistor 51, the second end of which leads to the emitter of the transistor 42.
- the emitter of the transistor 42 is connected to an output terminal 52, at which an output voltage V out dependent on the input voltage V in is provided, and to a first end of an emitter resistor 53, which is formed from a series connection of the resistors 53 a and 53 b, and its second End leads to a third supply terminal 54, to which the negative voltage Vneg is applied.
- the resistors 53a, 53b are, as is customary in an integrated circuit, designed in such a way that regions of a basic diffusion which are embedded in an epitaxial tub, also called a "box", determine the electrical values of the respective resistor.
- the epitaxial well 55 of the resistor 53b is electrically connected to a fourth supply terminal 56, to which the voltage Vepi is applied.
- the intermediate voltage Vzw is applied to the fifth supply terminal 57.
- the intermediate voltage Vvz preferably has a value that is essentially half of the voltages Vpos and Vneg, ie
- Vvz 1/2 (Vpos - Vneg).
- the output voltage Vout can also assume values which essentially correspond to Vpos, there is then a voltage difference at the emitter resistor 53 of approximately Vpos-Vneg. As assumed, this voltage difference lies above the permissible reverse voltage values, such as V CBO, which are predetermined by the manufacturing process.
- the emitter resistor 53 can still process the voltage difference in the manufacturing process used, it is divided into the two resistors 53a and 53b, which have the same resistance values in this exemplary embodiment. This means that a voltage drops at both resistors, which corresponds to half the voltage difference value (Vpos Vneg).
- Vpos Vneg the voltage difference value
- the epitaxial well 55 of the resistor 53b is at a voltage value which is at an allowable distance from both the voltage Vpos and the voltage Vneg
- it is set to a potential corresponding to the voltage Vepi.
- the voltage Vepi is chosen so that on the one hand the difference to the voltages Vpos and Vneg is not too high and on the other hand their value is not below the intermediate voltage Vzw which is applied to the substrate.
- the collector connection and thus the epitaxial well of the second cascode transistor 42 a voltage is present which has a value which is above or equal to that of the substrate voltage Vzw.
- parasitic effects such as the ignition of a parasitic triac, consisting of the substrate, the epitaxial region of transistor 42, the base of transistor 42 and the emitter of transistor 42, can be avoided.
- a variant of the circuit arrangement of FIG. 5 described so far can contain a fourth zener block 58, as shown in broken lines in FIG. This has a similar structure to the Zener blocks already described and consists of four Zener transistors 58a, ..., 58d.
- the fourth zener block limits a voltage difference between the collector and the base region of the transistor 42 to a value of 4 * Vzt, where Vzt corresponds to the Zener voltage of the transistors 58a, ..., 58d.
- the use of the device according to the invention for generating an intermediate voltage is not limited to increasing the dielectric strength of an integrated circuit, but that this is merely a preferred application.
- the intermediate voltages that increase the dielectric strength of a component can also be output by other suitable devices.
- the device according to the invention emits an intermediate voltage, the value of which lies between the voltages Vpos, Vneg applied from the outside and which is generated by a current through an arrangement of components which implement the function of a Zener diode (Zener diode 26; Zener block 26 ' ), which is impressed by a controllable current source.
- the current source is controlled in dependence on comparison values which result from a comparison of a nominal voltage (nominal value) with a voltage dropping at a component which is connected in series with the Zener diode (or the Zener block) and the current source.
- the device according to the invention is characterized by good dynamic stability with low power loss.
- the voltages generated are preferably applied to a circuit arrangement implemented in integrated technology, more precisely to individual diffusion regions, which increases the dielectric strength of the integrated circuit.
- both individual stages which are part of the device for generating intermediate voltages, and downstream stages, are implemented accordingly, for example by cascading or series connection of resistors.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4131170 | 1991-09-19 | ||
| DE4131170A DE4131170A1 (de) | 1991-09-19 | 1991-09-19 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von zwischenspannungen |
| PCT/EP1992/002061 WO1993006541A1 (de) | 1991-09-19 | 1992-09-07 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von zwischenspannungen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0604485A1 true EP0604485A1 (de) | 1994-07-06 |
| EP0604485B1 EP0604485B1 (de) | 1997-08-13 |
Family
ID=6440968
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92919019A Expired - Lifetime EP0604485B1 (de) | 1991-09-19 | 1992-09-07 | Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von zwischenspannungen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5604428A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0604485B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3381919B2 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4131170A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2108133T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1993006541A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19607802C2 (de) * | 1996-03-01 | 1999-08-19 | Temic Semiconductor Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen einer Versorgungsspannung |
| KR100400383B1 (ko) * | 1996-03-07 | 2003-12-31 | 마츠시타 덴끼 산교 가부시키가이샤 | 기준 전압원 회로 및 전압 피드백 회로 |
| DE19707422C1 (de) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-08-27 | Telefunken Microelectron | Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Versorungsgleichspannung für eine Signalgebereinheit |
| EP0860762A3 (de) * | 1997-02-25 | 1999-04-07 | TEMIC TELEFUNKEN microelectronic GmbH | Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Versorgungsgleichspannung |
| DE19707423C1 (de) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-08-13 | Telefunken Microelectron | Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen einer Versorgungsspannung |
| EP2328056B1 (de) * | 2009-11-26 | 2014-09-10 | Dialog Semiconductor GmbH | Spannungsregler mit niedrigem Spannungsverlust (LDO), Verfahren zur Bereitstellung eines LDO und Verfahren zur Bedienung eines LDO |
| US10739800B2 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2020-08-11 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Regulating an output power of a monitored electronic device |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3577167A (en) * | 1968-02-29 | 1971-05-04 | Rca Corp | Integrated circuit biasing arrangements |
| AT302488B (de) * | 1970-12-14 | 1972-10-10 | Eumig | Schaltungsanordnung zur Spannungskonstanthaltung |
| US3754787A (en) * | 1971-12-02 | 1973-08-28 | W Garber | Operating support for surgeons |
| US3887863A (en) * | 1973-11-28 | 1975-06-03 | Analog Devices Inc | Solid-state regulated voltage supply |
| DE2437700B2 (de) * | 1974-08-05 | 1979-04-12 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Schaltungsanordnung zum Konstanthalten wenigstens zweier, aus einer gemeinsamen Versorgungsgleichspannung abgeleiteten Teilspannungen |
| US4099775A (en) * | 1976-10-07 | 1978-07-11 | Hoover Ball And Bearing Company | Chair control with tilt lock |
| US4323794A (en) * | 1980-01-30 | 1982-04-06 | Itt Industries, Inc. | Bias voltage generator for a monolithic integrated circuit |
| DE3303618A1 (de) * | 1983-02-03 | 1984-08-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Schaltungsanordnung zur spannungsregelung |
| DE3405661A1 (de) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Elektronischer spannungsregler |
| DE3625211A1 (de) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-02-04 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Spannungsregler fuer einen generator |
| US4774452A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1988-09-27 | Ge Company | Zener referenced voltage circuit |
| DE8817178U1 (de) * | 1988-10-21 | 1993-11-04 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 20097 Hamburg | Schaltungsanordnung zum Ableiten von Versorgungsgleichspannungen |
| DE3920279A1 (de) * | 1989-06-21 | 1991-01-03 | Licentia Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung zur erzeugung einer gleichbleibenden ausgangsgleichspannung aus einer veraenderlichen eingangsspannung |
-
1991
- 1991-09-19 DE DE4131170A patent/DE4131170A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-09-07 WO PCT/EP1992/002061 patent/WO1993006541A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1992-09-07 JP JP50573393A patent/JP3381919B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-09-07 ES ES92919019T patent/ES2108133T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-07 EP EP92919019A patent/EP0604485B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-09-07 DE DE59208798T patent/DE59208798D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-04-27 US US08/462,015 patent/US5604428A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9306541A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH06510875A (ja) | 1994-12-01 |
| DE4131170A1 (de) | 1993-03-25 |
| US5604428A (en) | 1997-02-18 |
| EP0604485B1 (de) | 1997-08-13 |
| DE59208798D1 (de) | 1997-09-18 |
| WO1993006541A1 (de) | 1993-04-01 |
| JP3381919B2 (ja) | 2003-03-04 |
| ES2108133T3 (es) | 1997-12-16 |
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