EP0610486A1 - Systeme comprenant une pluralite d'appareils electriques et bloc connecteur utilisable avec un tel systeme - Google Patents
Systeme comprenant une pluralite d'appareils electriques et bloc connecteur utilisable avec un tel systemeInfo
- Publication number
- EP0610486A1 EP0610486A1 EP93919201A EP93919201A EP0610486A1 EP 0610486 A1 EP0610486 A1 EP 0610486A1 EP 93919201 A EP93919201 A EP 93919201A EP 93919201 A EP93919201 A EP 93919201A EP 0610486 A1 EP0610486 A1 EP 0610486A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optical
- connector block
- input
- output
- switch
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 93
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
- G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
- G02B6/3514—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror the reflective optical element moving along a line so as to translate into and out of the beam path, i.e. across the beam path
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
- G02B6/3542—Non-blocking switch, e.g. with multiple potential paths between multiple inputs and outputs, the establishment of one switching path not preventing the establishment of further switching paths
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/354—Switching arrangements, i.e. number of input/output ports and interconnection types
- G02B6/3562—Switch of the bypass type, i.e. enabling a change of path in a network, e.g. to bypass a failed element in the network
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3564—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details
- G02B6/3568—Mechanical details of the actuation mechanism associated with the moving element or mounting mechanism details characterised by the actuating force
- G02B6/3572—Magnetic force
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/3598—Switching means directly located between an optoelectronic element and waveguides, including direct displacement of either the element or the waveguide, e.g. optical pulse generation
Definitions
- Subscriber system with several subscribers formed by electrical devices and connector block for use in such a subscriber system
- the invention relates to a subscriber system with a plurality of subscribers formed by electrical devices, each of which is connected via an interface to a common bus formed by optical waveguides.
- various types of electrical and electronic devices are networked with one another and exchange information with one another via the common bus.
- audio signal sources such as radio receivers, cassette recorders or CD players are connected to one another on the one hand and to audio sinks such as amplifier / speaker combinations on the other hand.
- Device components that are used for extensive control and monitoring of vehicle functions can also be integrated into such a network. So that all participants in the system can communicate with one another, the bus is preferably designed as a loop in itself. Each subscriber component is therefore connected to an incoming fiber optic cable. cut and connected to an outgoing optical fiber section.
- the incoming light signals are converted into electrical signals, evaluated and modified if necessary, and then converted into optical signals which are forwarded via the outgoing optical waveguide section.
- the light path is therefore interrupted at each individual subscriber component and is bridged by the function of the relevant subscriber component with its interface containing the electro-optical converters with respect to the signal flow.
- the interfaces each comprise a connector block, which has electrical contacts for connection to the associated device, an optical waveguide input and an optical waveguide output for insertion into the optical waveguide, and in that the optical waveguide input has an electro-optical converter For converting light signals arriving via the bus into electrical signals passed on to the electrical contacts and the optical waveguide output, an electro-optical converter for converting the electrical signals coming from the electrical contacts into light signals going out on the bus is assigned.
- important interface functions are therefore shifted to the connector block.
- the individual devices therefore do not have to be designed for operation on an optical bus system.
- the optical waveguide forms a closed system with the individual connector blocks, which communicates to the outside only via electrical contacts.
- the connector blocks can be designed as uniform standard plug connection parts, so that the subscriber devices provided with a complementary plug connection element can be connected to the common bus system solely by establishing a single plug connection.
- any subscriber component fails in a subscriber system with a closed bus, the signal flow on the entire bus is interrupted and the entire subscriber system can fail. This is a consequence of the monodirectional signal transmission from one subscriber component to the next, and because of the interruption of the optical signal path at each subscriber component, their perfect functioning must be assumed at least with regard to the reception and transmission of signals.
- this problem is remedied by the fact that in the connector block the optical path between the optical waveguide input and the optical waveguide output is bridged when no electrical device is connected or is defective, and is interrupted when an electrical device is connected and is functional. At rest, i.e. if the device is not connected or the device is inactive, the optical waveguide is bridged within the connector, so that signal transmission is ensured. Only a device connected to the connector block and functional at least with regard to signal reception and transmission can cause an interruption in the optical path within a connector block.
- a suitable connector block contains an optical switch between the optical waveguide input and the optical waveguide output.
- This optical switch can assume two switching states, namely a first state in which the optical path between the optical waveguide input and the optical waveguide output is bridged, and a second switching state in which the optical path between the optical waveguide input and the optical waveguide output is interrupted.
- the switch In the idle state, the switch assumes the first switching state; the switch can be reversed into its second switching state only by a control signal coming from the associated device. If the device like this It is conceived that the control signal can only be emitted if at least its function of signal acceptance and signal transmission is guaranteed, the function of the entire bus system is not endangered by the failure of an individual subscriber component.
- the optical deflection means is formed by a concave mirror, which in the first position of the optical switch is thus relative to the ends of the optical waveguides is arranged such that it reflects the light coming from the input waveguide into the output waveguide.
- the concave mirror can produce an almost lossless connection between the two ends of the optical waveguides, so that this component is particularly suitable when the lowest possible losses are aimed for.
- the connector block can be used as a switch-like component in a bus system, with which, depending on the position of the optical switch, a bus can be closed or coupled to another bus.
- the connector block can be used as a switch-like component in one Bus system can be used with which, depending on the position of the optical switch, a bus can be closed or coupled to another bus.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a bus system closed to a ring, the bus of which is designed as an optical waveguide, to which four subscriber components are connected;
- FIG. 2 shows a connector block connected to a subscriber component, which is used in the subscriber system
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a possible embodiment of an optical switch for the connector block
- FIG. 5 shows a variant of the connector block
- 6 shows a side view of a connector block according to a further embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 7 shows the optical switch of the connector block from FIG. 6 in its second switching state in association with the electronic module
- FIG. 8 shows the optical switch from FIG. 6 in its first switching state
- Fig. 9 is a section along the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic, partially sectioned view of the connector block from FIG. 6 from below;
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic, partially sectioned view of the connector block from FIG. 6 from the left;
- FIG. 12 shows a further embodiment of a connector block according to the invention.
- Fig. 13 is a schematic representation for explaining the
- Fig. 14 is a similar representation as in Fig. 13, but with the bridging element of the optical switch in the first position, and
- FIG. 15 shows an advantageous further development of the bridging element.
- four subscriber components 10, 12, 14, 16, which are electrical or electronic devices, are connected to a common bus which is closed to form a ring and which consists of four optical waveguide sections 18, 20, 22 , 24 exists.
- the connection of each subscriber component 10, 12, 14, 16 takes place by means of a connector block 30, which is of the same design for all subscriber components and has an optical waveguide input 30a and an optical waveguide output 30b (FIGS. 2, 3 and 5).
- Each connector block 30 also has a series of electrical contacts which serve to connect to the associated subscriber component. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, five electrical contacts are provided, which have the following function:
- a first contact 1 carries a ground potential
- a second contact 2 carries the electrical signals to be applied to the relevant electrical or electronic device
- a third contact 3 carries the electrical signals coming from the device
- a fourth contact 4 carries a supply voltage
- a fifth contact 5 carries a control signal from the connected device to the connector block 30.
- the connector block 30 contains two electro-optical converters 40, 42.
- the first electro-optical converter 40 converts the optical signals arriving via an optical waveguide section into electrical signals which are output at the electrical contact 2.
- the second electro-optical converter 42 sets the electrical signals arriving at the electrical contact 3. trical S ignale into optical signals which are fed to the optical waveguide section in the exit ⁇ .
- Each connector block 30 is also equipped with an optical switch .
- This generally indicated in Figures 2 and 3 with 50 optical switch comprises a translatable optical waveguide section 52, a Spiegel ⁇ body 54 with two right angle surfaces ⁇ forming Spiegelflä, which coupled with the optical waveguide section 52
- the optical waveguide section 52 is in a position in which it connects the optical waveguide input 30a to the optical waveguide output 30b, so that a close ⁇ To lossless transmission of the optical signals through the connector block 30 takes place. Only when the connector block is plugged in and a control signal is present between the electrical contacts 1 and 5 is the electromagnetic drive 56 excited and moves the optical waveguide section 52 with the mirror body 54 into the position shown in FIG. 2, in which the optical path between the Optical waveguide input 30a and the optical waveguide output 30b is interrupted.
- FIG. 4 shows an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3. In the embodiment according to FIG.
- the light beam coming from the optical waveguide input 30a enters perpendicularly into the large base area of a generally trapezoidal prism 60 which consists of two symmetrical parts 60a, 60b.
- the incident light beam undergoes total reflection on the inside of the adjacent inclined surface of prism part 60a and is deflected perpendicular to the direction of incidence until it hits the inside of the opposite inclined surface of prism part 60b and is deflected there by total reflection parallel to the incoming beam and emerges perpendicularly from the large base area of the prism 60.
- an optical shutter 62 is slidably arranged in the narrow gap through which the prism parts 60a, 60b are separated. The optical closure 62 is moved into and out of this gap by an electromechanical drive 64.
- the electro-optical converter 40 is arranged on the inclined surface of the prism part 60a and the electro-optical converter 42 on the inclined surface of the prism part 60b. Depending on the position of the optical shutter 62, the optical signal path between the incoming and outgoing light beam is interrupted or switched through.
- the prism is generally diamond-shaped with parallel inclined surfaces, so that the incoming light beam emerges from the prism offset in parallel in the same direction.
- an electro-optical switch is based on various electro-optical effects, so that mechanically moving parts can be omitted, for example the use of liquid crystals which can be controlled directly by an electrical signal.
- two further contacts 6, 7 are provided, which serve to supply a supply voltage to the various subscriber components.
- the operating voltage for the electro-optical converters 40, 42 and the drive 56 of the connector block 30 can be derived from this supply voltage between the electrical contacts 1 and 4.
- the Kon ⁇ nektorblock 30 thus has the electrical contacts 1 to 7 and is connected to the optical fiber sections 20, 22 and two electrical conductors 70, 72. All elements of the connector block 30 can be integrated into a standardized connector housing, so that the electrical or electronic devices to be connected need only be equipped with a complementary connector part.
- FIG. 6 Another embodiment of a connector block is shown in FIG. 6.
- This connector block 100 has a housing 102 which is provided with electrical connections 104a and 104b and with connections 106 for optical waveguides.
- the electrical connections 104a lead to an electronics module 108 which has an electro-optical converter for converting incoming light signals into electrical signals and a further electro-optical converter for converting electrical signals into light signals.
- An optical switch 110 is inserted between the ends of the optical waveguide connections 106 and the electronic module 108 and can be moved between an upper switch position and a lower switch position, which is also accommodated in the housing 101, by means of a relay 112. In the upper formwork shown in FIG.
- FIG. 7 The two positions of the electro-optical switch 110 relative to the electronic module 108 are shown in FIG. 7 and in FIG. 8. It should be noted that these two components are viewed from the left as shown in FIG. 6, which means that the ends of the optical waveguide connections 106 lie in front of the plane of the drawing.
- the electro-optical switch 110 is located with respect to the electronics module 108 such that there is a direct light connection between the ends of the optical waveguide connections 106 and the transducers in the electronics module 108.
- the section of the switch 110 designated 118 is in line with the ends of the optical waveguides 106.
- the section of FIG. 9 shows how the section 118 of the electro-optical switch 110 is designed. It can be seen from this that the section 118 has a spherically curved region which, in the switch position of FIG. 8, lies opposite the ends of the optical waveguide terminations 106. This spherical area is designed as a concave mirror surface, so that light that strikes this area is reflected again. By appropriately dimensioning the radius of curvature and the distance between the ends of the optical waveguide connections 106, it can be achieved that the light coming from one optical waveguide and striking the spherical surface is completely reflected in the other optical waveguide.
- optical waveguides are not made from glass fibers but from plastic, so that they have a relatively high internal attenuation; In this case, any additional damping caused in the bus system by coupling, decoupling or any switching operations must be kept as low as possible.
- a subscriber system with optical fibers made of plastic can only be used in practice if the entire system is very carefully designed to minimize losses.
- FIGS. 10 and 11 show views of the connector block from FIG. 6 from below and from the left, with the housing in particular being cut open so that the essential parts can be better seen. 11, the switch 110 assumes the same position as in FIG. 7.
- FIG. 12 Another embodiment of a connector block is shown in FIG. 12.
- the connector block can be used as a switch or as a switch in a bus.
- it is provided with two optical fiber connections on the left side and on the right side.
- the housing 120 of this connector block there is a relay 122, with the aid of which an optical switch 124 is switched from the rest position shown in FIG. 12, in which the relay 122 is not energized, to a working position when the relay is energized ⁇ tet in which it is shifted downwards compared to the representation of FIG. 12. In the position shown in FIG.
- a spherical mirror surface on the optical switch 124 is brought into a position opposite to the ends of the optical fiber connections on the left side of the housing, so that the optical fibers which are connected on the right side are decoupled.
- FIGS. 13 and 14 which switching operations can be achieved is explained with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
- the input E1 and the output AI are connected directly to the bus of the subscriber system, while the input E2 and the output A2 are connected to an electronic device to be coupled to the bus.
- the switch 124 is brought into the position in FIG. 14, in which the light coming from the input E1 is reflected directly into the output A2 via the spherical surface acting as a concave mirror. In this way, the bus is closed by switch 124 almost without loss.
- FIG. 15 A development of the optical switch 124 is shown in FIG. 15. With this configuration, it is possible to either close two buses, which are connected to the input E1 and the output A2 or the input E2 and the output A2, (position of the switch 124 according to FIG. 15) or also directly to one another couple. In the position of FIG. 15, the light coming from the input E1 is reflected to the output AI, and the light coming from the input E2 is reflected into the output A2. In contrast, in the position of the switch 124 (not shown) which corresponds to the position in FIG. 13, the light from the input E1 goes directly to the output A2, while the light from the input E2 to the output AI. This means the coupling of two buses.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
Abstract
Dans un système, plusieurs appareils électriques (10, 12, 14, 16) de divers types sont raccordés chacun par une interface à un bus commun constitué de sections de fibres optiques (18, 20, 22, 24) qui forme un anneau fermé. Chaque appareil est raccordé au bus par un bloc connecteur (30). Le bloc connecteur (30) comprend des contacts électriques de connexion avec l'appareil correspondant, une entrée de fibre optique et une sortie de fibre optique à insérer entre deux sections de fibres optiques (18, 20, 22, 24). Le bloc connecteur (30) contient deux transducteurs électro-optiques de conversion des signaux optiques arrivant par l'intermédiaire du bus en signaux électriques et des signaux électriques en provenance des contacts électriques en signaux optiques transmis par l'intermédiaire du bus. Afin d'assurer l'intégrité de l'ensemble du système de bus même en cas de défaillance d'un appareil, le trajet optique à l'intérieur de chaque bloc connecteur (30) est automatiquement ponté lorsque l'appareil raccordé est défectueux ou qu'aucun appareil n'est raccordé. Comme élément de pontage on peut utiliser un réflecteur de concentration (118).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4228733 | 1992-08-28 | ||
| DE19924228733 DE4228733A1 (de) | 1992-08-28 | 1992-08-28 | Teilnehmersystem mit mehreren durch elektrische Geräte gebildeten Teilnehmern |
| PCT/EP1993/002321 WO1994006225A1 (fr) | 1992-08-28 | 1993-08-27 | Systeme comprenant une pluralite d'appareils electriques et bloc connecteur utilisable avec un tel systeme |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0610486A1 true EP0610486A1 (fr) | 1994-08-17 |
Family
ID=6466695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93919201A Withdrawn EP0610486A1 (fr) | 1992-08-28 | 1993-08-27 | Systeme comprenant une pluralite d'appareils electriques et bloc connecteur utilisable avec un tel systeme |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0610486A1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE4228733A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1994006225A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3665226B2 (ja) * | 1999-04-02 | 2005-06-29 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | 車載ネットワークシステム |
| DE10109047A1 (de) * | 2001-02-24 | 2002-09-05 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Beleuchtungs- und Signalvorrichtungen für Fahr- oder Flugzeuge |
| DE10126756A1 (de) * | 2001-06-01 | 2003-01-02 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Optisches Stecksystem für Datenbusse |
| JP3889717B2 (ja) | 2003-02-28 | 2007-03-07 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | 光通信システムの信号中継装置 |
| DE202010006536U1 (de) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-08-19 | Bürkert Werke GmbH | Opto-mechanische Weiche |
| US20120195548A1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-02 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Backplanes including optical bypass switches, and related circuit boards, computing systems, bypass switches, and methods |
| FR3032572B1 (fr) | 2015-02-10 | 2017-01-27 | Airbus Operations Sas | Systeme de commande et dispositif abonne d'un reseau de communication d'un systeme de commande |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH607500A5 (fr) * | 1976-03-18 | 1978-12-29 | Patelhold Patentverwertung | |
| GB1534786A (en) * | 1976-06-29 | 1978-12-06 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Data transmission system |
| DE2654402C3 (de) * | 1976-12-01 | 1979-09-06 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Optoelektronischer Gabelkoppler |
| US4148558A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-04-10 | Ncr Corporation | Optical transmission line by-pass relay |
| JPS5574503A (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1980-06-05 | Nec Corp | Mechanical photo switch |
| DE3007958C2 (de) * | 1980-03-01 | 1985-01-17 | Hartmann & Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Opto-elektonisches Übertragungssystem |
| JPS56137301A (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-10-27 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Optical by-pass switch |
| FR2549661B1 (fr) * | 1983-07-19 | 1986-08-01 | Thomson Csf | Dispositif de couplage d'un terminal a un canal de liaison par fibre optique en boucle fermee et procede de transmission d'informations dans un systeme utilisant de tels dispositifs |
| DE3334839A1 (de) * | 1983-09-27 | 1985-04-11 | Richard Hirschmann Radiotechnisches Werk, 7300 Esslingen | Optisches uebertragungssystem fuer duplex-betrieb |
| US4699457A (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1987-10-13 | Optelecom Incorporated | Optical fiber switch and method of making same |
| DE3608135A1 (de) * | 1986-03-12 | 1987-09-24 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Optischer schalter |
| SU1500969A1 (ru) * | 1986-07-16 | 1989-08-15 | Предприятие П/Я В-8543 | Бесконтактный оптоэлектронный переключатель |
| KR910009667B1 (ko) * | 1987-10-29 | 1991-11-25 | 미츠비시 덴키 가부시키가이샤 | 광통신장치 |
| DE4040001C1 (fr) * | 1990-12-14 | 1991-10-31 | Ant Nachrichtentechnik Gmbh, 7150 Backnang, De |
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 DE DE19924228733 patent/DE4228733A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-08-27 WO PCT/EP1993/002321 patent/WO1994006225A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-08-27 EP EP93919201A patent/EP0610486A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO9406225A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4228733A1 (de) | 1994-03-03 |
| WO1994006225A1 (fr) | 1994-03-17 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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