EP0611277B1 - Installation de conditionnement d'air - Google Patents

Installation de conditionnement d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0611277B1
EP0611277B1 EP94890030A EP94890030A EP0611277B1 EP 0611277 B1 EP0611277 B1 EP 0611277B1 EP 94890030 A EP94890030 A EP 94890030A EP 94890030 A EP94890030 A EP 94890030A EP 0611277 B1 EP0611277 B1 EP 0611277B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
air
vehicle
control unit
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94890030A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0611277A1 (fr
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Ohnesorg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alex Friedmann KG
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Alex Friedmann KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alex Friedmann KG filed Critical Alex Friedmann KG
Publication of EP0611277A1 publication Critical patent/EP0611277A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0611277B1 publication Critical patent/EP0611277B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/044—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
    • F24F3/048—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems with temperature control at constant rate of air-flow
    • F24F3/052—Multiple duct systems, e.g. systems in which hot and cold air are supplied by separate circuits from the central station to mixing chambers in the spaces to be conditioned
    • F24F3/0525—Multiple duct systems, e.g. systems in which hot and cold air are supplied by separate circuits from the central station to mixing chambers in the spaces to be conditioned in which the air treated in the central station is reheated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air conditioning system and a method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle.
  • an air conditioning system with a central air conditioning unit is used, the output of which is connected via an air supply duct to at least one compartment or vehicle area of the vehicle, each compartment or each vehicle area further comprising a temperature sensor connected to a compartment control unit for measuring the internal temperature and at least one forced ventilation , floor heater controllable by the compartment control unit.
  • Such a method or an air conditioning system of the type mentioned above is known for example from DE-OS 2 205 448.
  • This describes an air conditioning system for a rail vehicle, in which a central air conditioning unit is provided, which is connected to each compartment of the vehicle via an air supply duct, the air supply supplied by the air conditioning unit flowing into the compartment via an intermediate heater in the floor area.
  • a temperature sensor for measuring the inside temperature and a control loop connected to it for controlling the reheater.
  • a considerable disadvantage of known air conditioning systems is, however, that an unsatisfactory temperature distribution prevails within the compartment in cooling operation due to the introduction of the cooling air in the floor area.
  • the arrangement of the supply air duct in the floor area has furthermore the disadvantage that it takes up a lot of space in the floor area and therefore undesirably restricts the passenger compartment.
  • the comfort of a vehicle interior depends very much on the uniformity of the temperature stratification. In cooling mode, this is possible by introducing cooled supply air preheated to a certain temperature into the interior from above. Since such a system is also used to heat this interior, the temperature stratification of these systems in heating mode is generally such that warm air bubbles form in the ceiling area and a so-called cold air lake forms in the floor area. This inadequate temperature stratification in heating mode can be considerably improved by additionally operating floor radiators with constant output. If the compartment or vehicle door is opened frequently, however, this measure is inadequate, since new cold air flows into the floor area, particularly in the case of rail vehicles, and the additional heat required is supplied in the ceiling area, which means that the cold air lake, which repeatedly occurs in the floor area, heats up only very slowly becomes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an air conditioning system and a method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in which the disadvantages of known devices are eliminated and a uniform temperature stratification is generated in both heating and cooling mode.
  • this object is achieved on the basis of an air conditioning system of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the compartment control unit is connected to an afterheating element, via which supply air flows into the compartment from above, this compartment control unit controlling the output of the underfloor heating element as a function of the temperature sensor in heating operation and the like Post-heating element is controlled so that the temperature of the supply air is kept approximately constant, and this compartment control unit controls the power output of the post-heating element as a function of the temperature sensor in cooling mode when the floor heating element is switched off.
  • FIG. 1 in which a passenger coach 1 with several, essentially identical compartments 2 is shown.
  • the essential element of the control is a compartment control unit 3, to which a compartment temperature sensor 4 is connected and which is connected via a switch 5 to a floor heating element 6 and via a switch 7 to a reheating element 8.
  • the two switches 5 and 7 are connected to an output of the compartment control unit 3 and are coupled to one another in such a way that when the switch 5 is actuated, the changeover switch is also actuated and vice versa.
  • the two switches are in the position H shown in Fig. 1 and in the cooling mode in the position K.
  • Each compartment control unit 3 of a passenger car is connected to a system control unit 9, which is also connected to the reheater 8 via the changeover switch 7, all of them Afterheater 8 of a car are each connected to the system control unit 9 via such a switch 7. Furthermore, this system control unit is connected to the air conditioner 10 of the passenger car and connected to a duct temperature sensor 11 and an outside temperature sensor 12. The fresh air outlet of the air conditioning unit 10 integrated in the ceiling area of the passenger coach is connected to a supply air duct 13 which extends in the longitudinal direction over the entire passenger coach. In the ceiling area of each compartment 2 there is a reheating element 8 within the supply air duct 13. Furthermore, the duct temperature sensor 11 is installed in the longitudinal direction approximately in the middle of the passenger car in this supply air duct 13.
  • Fig. 2 the air conditioner runs in cooling mode.
  • the changeover switch 7 and the switch 5 are in the position K, so that the reheater 8 is controlled via the compartment control unit 3, the floor heater 6 being switched off.
  • the supply air supplied by the air conditioner 10 is preheated individually for this compartment, depending on the compartment temperature sensor 4 and under the control of the compartment control unit 3, before entering the compartment 2 by the reheating element 8.
  • the temperature of the supply air supplied by the air conditioning unit 10 is therefore preferably somewhat below the lowest target temperature set in a compartment 2 of this passenger car. This cooled and optionally preheated supply air flows in the ceiling area essentially vertically downwards into compartment 2.
  • Fig. 3 the air conditioning system is shown in heating mode.
  • the changeover switch 7 and the switch 5 are in the H position, so that the underfloor heating element 6 is controlled via the compartment control unit 3 and the afterheating element 8 is now connected to the system control unit 9.
  • the system control unit ensures that the supply air is preheated to an approximately constant temperature in the range of the target temperature by the post-heating elements. For practical purposes, this temperature is slightly above the lowest target temperature specified in a compartment 2 of the passenger car and is monitored by the duct temperature sensor 11.
  • the individual regulation of the compartment temperature is realized in the heating mode of the air conditioning system according to the invention via the floor heating element 6.
  • the circulating air flowing in the floor area essentially horizontally from the floor heating elements 6 into the compartment is heated depending on the compartment temperature sensor 4 and under the control of the compartment control unit 3.
  • the preferably horizontal inflow of the heated circulating air additionally accelerates the clearing out of the cold air lake which arises in the base area, in particular when the compartment door is opened.
  • Criteria for the system according to the invention to run in cooling or heating mode or when this system is to be switched to the other operating mode can be defined in different ways.
  • the operating mode is determined by the operating personnel. If this decision is made by the plant itself, it is generally dependent on several factors. An essential of these factors is the value for the outside temperature, which is measured by means of the outside temperature sensor 12 and communicated to the system control unit 9. At outside temperatures that are far above or below the compartment set temperature, the system control unit specifies the corresponding operating mode, after which the switch 5 or the changeover switch 7 is set to K (cool) or H (heat).
  • the transition area in which the outside temperature is close to the target compartment temperature, other factors such as the different compartment temperatures measured in the passenger coach, the specified target values for these temperatures and the temperature in the supply air duct of this passenger coach are included in this decision.
  • a suitable logic is installed in the system control unit, which determines which operation is the more economical, for example that with the lower energy consumption. This logic additionally, in particular in this critical temperature range, avoids unnecessary or frequent switching of the system from heating to cooling operation and vice versa.
  • compartments do not necessarily have to be physically separate from one another, but can also be vehicle areas which are essentially air-conditioned independently of one another, so that different temperature requirements can also be taken into account within a single interior.
  • the post-heating elements can advantageously also be integrated in the air conditioning unit.
  • this invention is not limited to passenger coaches, but can be applied to vehicles of all kinds, in particular also to tram / subway vehicles, buses or other vehicles with one or more compartments or vehicle areas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé pour climatiser l'habitacle d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule sur rails, selon lequel on envoie de l'air frais et/ou de l'air chaud à au moins un compartiment (2) ou à une partie du véhicule, dont on mesure la température intérieure, auquel cas lors du fonctionnement avec chauffage, de l'air circulant, chauffé en fonction d'une température de consigne pouvant être prédéterminée, est introduit au niveau du sol dans le compartiment (2) ou dans la partie du véhicule, caractérisé en ce que de l'air d'alimentation, qui pénètre à partir du haut dans le compartiment ou dans la partie du véhicule, est chauffé, pendant le fonctionnement avec refroidissement, en fonction de la température de consigne prédéterminée et, pendant le fonctionnement avec chauffage, est maintenu à une température approximativement constante.
  2. Installation de climatisation pour véhicule, notamment pour un véhicule sur rails, comportant un appareil central de climatisation (10), dont la sortie est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un canal d'amenée d'air (13) à au moins un compartiment (2) ou à une partie du véhicule, chaque compartiment (2) ou chaque partie du véhicule possédant d'autre part un capteur de température (4) relié à une unité de commande (3) du compartiment, pour mesurer la température intérieure, et au moins un organe de chauffage de sol (6) aéré par circulation forcée et pouvant être commandé par l'unité de commande de compartiment, caractérisée en ce que l'unité de commande (3) du compartiment est reliée à un dispositif de post-chauffage (8), au moyen duquel de l'air d'alimentation est introduit à partir du haut dans le compartiment, cette unité (3) de commande du compartiment, pendant le fonctionnement avec chauffage, la puissance délivrée par le dispositif de chauffage de sol (6) en fonction du capteur de température (4) et le dispositif de post-chauffage (8) étant commandé de telle sorte que la température de l'air arrivant reste approximativement constante, tandis que cette unité (3) de commande du compartiment commande, pendant le fonctionnement avec refroidissement, la puissance délivrée du dispositif de post-chauffage (8) en fonction du capteur de température (4) et le dispositif de chauffage de sol (6) est arrêté.
  3. Installation de climatisation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de chauffage de sol (6) comporte directement au niveau du sol, des ouvertures de sortie, par lesquelles l'air chaud est soufflé horizontalement dans le compartiment (2) ou dans la partie du véhicule.
  4. Installation de climatisation selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que dans le véhicule il est prévu au moins deux compartiments (2) ou parties du véhicule et que les dispositifs de post-chauffage (8) sont disposés dans le canal d'amenée d'air (13) au-dessus de chaque compartiment (2) ou partie du véhicule.
  5. Installation de climatisation selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que dans le véhicule il est prévu un seul compartiment (2) ou une seule partie du véhicule, et que le dispositif de post-chauffage (8) est intégré dans l'appareil de climatisation.
  6. Installation de climatisation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que chaque unité de commande de compartiment (3) d'un véhicule est reliée à une seule unité (9) de commande de l'installation, qui est reliée à l'appareil de climatisation (10), à un capteur (11) de la température de canal et au dispositif de postchauffage (8) de chaque compartiment (2) ou partie du véhicule, auquel cas cette unité (9) de commande de l'installation commande le fonctionnement de l'appareil de commutation (8) et, pendant le fonctionnement avec chauffage, commande la puissance délivrée du dispositif de post-chauffage (8) en fonction du capteur (11) de la température de canal et de la valeur de consigne de la température ambiante.
  7. Installation de climatisation selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'unité (9) de commande de l'installation est en outre reliée à un capteur (12) de la température extérieure, le fonctionnement de l'appareil de climatisation (10) étant commandé en fonction du capteur (12) de la température extérieure.
EP94890030A 1993-02-12 1994-02-04 Installation de conditionnement d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0611277B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT260/93 1993-02-12
AT0026093A AT402722B (de) 1993-02-12 1993-02-12 Verfahren zur klimatisierung und klimaanlage eines fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines schienenfahrzeuges

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0611277A1 EP0611277A1 (fr) 1994-08-17
EP0611277B1 true EP0611277B1 (fr) 1996-05-22

Family

ID=3485818

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94890030A Expired - Lifetime EP0611277B1 (fr) 1993-02-12 1994-02-04 Installation de conditionnement d'air

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0611277B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT402722B (fr)
DE (1) DE59400288D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2087804T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3020644T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10304272A1 (de) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-12 Siemens Ag Klimaanlage für den Innenraum eines Fahrzeugs

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29601806U1 (de) * 1996-02-03 1996-04-11 Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima GmbH, 04435 Schkeuditz Einrichtung zur Verteilung der Kühl- und Heizluft für Mehrabteilwagen
FR2918608B1 (fr) * 2007-07-13 2011-03-25 Alstom Transport Sa Systeme de climatisation de l'habitacle d'un vehicule ferroviaire, vehicule ferroviaire correspondant, et procede de climatisation
DE102015216404A1 (de) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Klimatisierungsanordnung für ein Schienenfahrzeug
CN108248624B (zh) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-19 河南辉煌信通软件有限公司 动车车厢的温度检测及调节系统
CN109109888B (zh) * 2018-09-19 2025-01-17 青岛威奥轨道股份有限公司 一种轨道车辆空调控制系统、方法及装置
FR3101021B1 (fr) * 2019-09-19 2021-12-17 Alstom Transp Tech Voiture de transport de voyageurs comprenant au moins un ventilateur chauffant, véhicule et procédé d’ajustement de la température de l’air associé

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB862473A (en) * 1958-06-20 1961-03-08 Stone J & Co Ltd Improvements relating to temperature control in vehicles by automatic hot and cold air distribution
FR2131025A5 (fr) * 1971-03-30 1972-11-10 Jouvenel & Cordier
AT332450B (de) * 1974-10-23 1976-09-27 Friedmann Kg Alex Klimaanlage fur schienenfahrzeuge
DE3048226C2 (de) * 1980-12-20 1986-11-27 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Klimatisierung
AT382566B (de) * 1984-07-27 1987-03-10 Friedmann Kg Alex Eisenbahnwagen mit einer heiz- bzw. klimaanlage

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10304272A1 (de) * 2003-02-03 2004-08-12 Siemens Ag Klimaanlage für den Innenraum eines Fahrzeugs
DE10304272B4 (de) * 2003-02-03 2006-10-12 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Klimatisieren des Innenraumes eines Fahrzeuges

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2087804T3 (es) 1996-07-16
EP0611277A1 (fr) 1994-08-17
DE59400288D1 (de) 1996-06-27
ATE138332T1 (de) 1996-06-15
ATA26093A (de) 1996-12-15
AT402722B (de) 1997-08-25
GR3020644T3 (en) 1996-10-31

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