EP0612365B1 - Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0612365B1 EP0612365B1 EP93913122A EP93913122A EP0612365B1 EP 0612365 B1 EP0612365 B1 EP 0612365B1 EP 93913122 A EP93913122 A EP 93913122A EP 93913122 A EP93913122 A EP 93913122A EP 0612365 B1 EP0612365 B1 EP 0612365B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- walls
- electrode
- ground
- wall
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002747 voluntary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents
- E04B1/7007—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents by using electricity, e.g. electro-osmosis
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods for the removal of the humidity of the walls of buildings in particular in the case of constructions old. It relates more particularly to the fight against lifts moisture from the soil.
- a so-called “active” method which consists, as before, in implementing in damp walls, a series of electrodes at a low height from at ground level, as well as earth plugs in the ground. The difference is in the fact that a direct current source is provided to supply the installation. Also, the wall electrodes are connected to the positive pole of the current source and the earth point (s) are connected to the pole negative from this source.
- a variant of this method has been described in document FR-A-1 583 464. It consists in introducing into the walls to be dried, two series of electrodes one above the other at predetermined distances, the electrodes being connected to each other by an electrical conductor for each of these series. The upper series is then connected to the positive pole of a direct current source and the lower series is connected to the negative pole. This variant eliminates the need for earth connections located in the ground.
- the document FR-A-1 508 872 described the combination of method of drying by electro-osmosis with electrophoresis.
- phoresis products are introduced into the recesses made in the walls to implant the electrodes.
- the ions from the phoresis products migrate in the direction of displacement of water. These products are therefore entrained in the capillaries of walls which are thus closed.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method for eliminating the humidity of the walls which is simple to implement, inexpensive and effective quickly and steadily over time.
- the subject of the present invention is a method to combat the humidity of the walls of an implanted construction in terrestrial soil by permanently sealing cracks, consisting of establish an electrical circuit whose negative polarity is applied to the entire construction and whose positive polarity is applied in the soil in which said construction is implanted, characterized in that it further consists in applying the negative polarity above the ground level of way that the electric field produced between the two polarities propagates to the less in the part of the construction which is located at ground level to form a lasting barrier to the rise, by capillary action, of said moisture along the walls of the building.
- the method according to the invention generally consists in subject the entire construction to be treated to the action of a field low intensity electric.
- low number of electrodes is meant the implantation of a single electrode, or even two, three or four electrodes when it comes to tall buildings.
- a single electrode is usually enough to, in a way, transform the giant electrode construction. This is the case described below.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a device making it possible to implement the process according to the invention applied to a single-family house 5 in size average.
- the electrode 10 is introduced into an exterior wall on the exterior side of the building but we can completely plan to insert it on the inside and even in a wall interior such as a cross wall, as explained below. In fact, we places the electrode in order to obtain a good distribution of the electric field created on the whole construction.
- a recess 14 (see figure 2) in wall 12 at the chosen location and cover possibly the walls of this recess 14 with a conductive varnish based on graphite powder or any other product which improves the contact.
- the electrode 10 consists, for example, of an expansion bolt or other conductive material such as copper.
- Reliable result can be achieved with a conductive electrode about ten millimeters driven over two-thirds of the thickness of the wall in using a conductive varnish based on graphite powder as mentioned above.
- the electrode 10 is placed at a height h relative to the level of the ground, about three meters.
- an earth plug 16 is planted in the ground.
- taking of earth 16 is advantageously placed at a distance d from the foot of the wall 12, of the order of a few tens of centimeters.
- a direct current source 18 is provided (not represented in FIG. 1) to which the electrode 10 and the earth connection are connected 16, as shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
- the electrode 10 is connected to the negative pole of the direct current source 18, by an electrical conductor 20 and the earth connection 16 at the positive pole of this source 18, by another electrical conductor 22.
- a closed electrical circuit is thus established between the electrode 10, the earth 16, the DC source 18 and the wall 12.
- It can be, for example, a mains supply with a, or even several, rechargeable battery, as shown in Figure 3.
- This device has the advantage of being able to operate on the mains or on battery when there is an involuntary or voluntary power cut for example for dwellings which are not regularly occupied.
- the direct current source 18 consists, by example, in commercially available 1.5 volt batteries.
- 1.5 volt batteries For a medium-sized detached house, for example, two batteries are enough to autonomy of at least six months.
- the primary source feed in this case a certain randomness and may be subject to discontinuities, provision is advantageously made for presence of a buffer storage battery.
- the intensity of the current is chosen according to the importance of the construction to be treated and the material of the walls.
- the walls are made of grinders assembled with a poor mortar, we apply a current higher intensity because the fine capillaries are more numerous than in the first case.
- the vertical component of the established electric field is of the order of millivolt per meter at the base of the walls, whatever their nature. It should be noted that this vertical component is significantly less than that of the fields applied by electro-osmosis and / or electrophoresis methods.
- the conductivity of the wall varies with its humidity according to the presence of underground springs, heavy rainfalls, etc., so we have a self-regulation of the current whose intensity increases with a humidity increases and decreases when it also decreases, for a relatively constant field.
- the electrode is placed in a part of a wall supposed to be the most conductive.
- Figures 4a and 4b illustrate the case where the wall 50 to receive the electrode 48, is made of concrete blocks, bricks, stones 52 or other elements materials connected to each other by a mortar or cement used joints to form the wall.
- the electrode 48 is then preferably placed in one of the seals 54 connecting the elements 52.
- FIGS 5 and 6 illustrate, for their part, the case of a construction 60 comprising a cross wall 62. Then an electrode 64 of preferably in the immediate vicinity of this wall 62 or even in the cross wall itself if it has a thickness greater than that of the exterior walls so to place themselves in the most massive part of the construction.
- electrode 64 is introduced into an exterior wall 66 facing the cross wall 62. This allows to further improve the diffusion and distribution of the electric field.
- the electrode 64 is placed at a height h ' about three meters.
- an earth plug 68 is planted in the ground.
- a direct current source is provided (not shown) of the aforementioned type to form a closed circuit with the wall 62, the electrode 64 and the earth electrode 68 similar to that shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
- the vertical component of the electric field created is maximum at plumb with the electrode 64 (point A) and decreases as one moves away from it distant.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Description
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une maison équipée d'un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention, montrant le positionnement d'une électrode et de la prise de terre par rapport à l'ensemble de la construction et par rapport au sol;
- la figure 2 est une vue schématique partielle en coupe du mur de la maison de la figure 1, montrant le positionnement de l'électrode et de la prise de terre reliées à une source de courant continu;
- la figure 3 est un schéma électrique du dispositif illustré shématiquement sur la figure 1;
- les figures 4a et 4b sont des vues schématiques partielles, respectivement de face et en coupe, d'une variante de réalisation de ce dispositif, montrant le positionnement de l'électrode dans un des joints reliant les éléments constitutifs du mur;
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique en perspective d'une maison comprenant un autre mode de réalisation d'un dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'invention;
- la figure 6 est une vue schématique partielle en coupe du mur de la maison de la figure 5 comprenant l'électrode, montrant le positionnement de cette électrode face à un mur de refend; et
- la figure 7 est une vue schématique en coupe de la maison de la figure 5, pour illustrer la répartition du champ électrique.
- les voies V1 et V'1 qui constituent deux voies parallèles selon lesquelles l'électrode 10 est alimentée par une source de courant continu dérivée d'une alimentation sur secteur. Selon la voie V1, l'électrode 10 est directement alimentée par le courant continu basse tension issu du pont redresseur 34, par l'intermédiaire d'une diode 40. Selon la voie V'1, on alimente l'électrode 10 et on charge la batterie 36. Dans ce cas, on prévoit un régulateur de charge 42 et une diode 44.
- la voie V2 selon laquelle l'électrode 10 est alimentée par la batterie 36, par l'intermédiaire de la diode 44.
Claims (2)
- Procédé permettant de lutter contre l'humidité des murs d'une construction implantée dans un sol terrestre en bouchant durablement les fissures, consistant à établir un circuit électrique dont la polarité négative est appliquée à l'ensemble de la construction (5-60) et dont la polarité positive est appliquée dans le sol dans lequel est implantée ladite construction (16-68), caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste en outre à appliquer la polarité négative au-dessus du niveau du sol de façon que le champ électrique produit entre les deux polarités se propage au moins dans la partie de la construction qui se trouve située au niveau du sol pour former une barrière durable à la remontée, par capillarité, de ladite humidité le long des murs de la construction.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique la polarité négative en au moins un point (10-64) de ladite construction (5-60) dans sa partie massive la plus conductrice (12-50-66).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9207176 | 1992-06-15 | ||
| FR9207176 | 1992-06-15 | ||
| PCT/FR1993/000566 WO1993025773A1 (fr) | 1992-06-15 | 1993-06-14 | Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0612365A1 EP0612365A1 (fr) | 1994-08-31 |
| EP0612365B1 true EP0612365B1 (fr) | 2001-02-28 |
Family
ID=9430714
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93913122A Expired - Lifetime EP0612365B1 (fr) | 1992-06-15 | 1993-06-14 | Procede et dispositif pour eliminer l'humidite des murs d'une construction |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0612365B1 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE199427T1 (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE69329965D1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1993025773A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3523884A (en) * | 1968-05-10 | 1970-08-11 | Systron Donner Corp | Method and apparatus for making wall structure impervious to moisture |
| DE1926381A1 (de) * | 1968-11-08 | 1970-06-11 | Erhart Garbade | Verfahren zur elektroosmotischen Trocknung von Gebaeudeteilen mittels in uebereinanderliegenden waagerechten Mauerebenen angeordneten Elektroden |
| FR2317430A1 (fr) * | 1975-07-08 | 1977-02-04 | Berrie Emile | Application sous controle automatique de l'electro-osmose |
| DD246334B1 (de) * | 1985-12-30 | 1989-09-20 | Bauakademie Ddr | Verfahren zur entsalzung, trockenlegung und trockenenthaltung von mauerwerk |
| AT394409B (de) * | 1989-05-30 | 1992-03-25 | Steininger Karl Heinz | Vorrichtung zur elektrokinetischen entsalzung von mauerwerken |
-
1993
- 1993-06-14 AT AT93913122T patent/ATE199427T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-06-14 WO PCT/FR1993/000566 patent/WO1993025773A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1993-06-14 DE DE69329965T patent/DE69329965D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-06-14 EP EP93913122A patent/EP0612365B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1993025773A1 (fr) | 1993-12-23 |
| ATE199427T1 (de) | 2001-03-15 |
| EP0612365A1 (fr) | 1994-08-31 |
| DE69329965D1 (de) | 2001-04-05 |
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