EP0615218B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation der Feuchtigkeit in einem Streulichtmelder - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation der Feuchtigkeit in einem Streulichtmelder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0615218B1 EP0615218B1 EP94103217A EP94103217A EP0615218B1 EP 0615218 B1 EP0615218 B1 EP 0615218B1 EP 94103217 A EP94103217 A EP 94103217A EP 94103217 A EP94103217 A EP 94103217A EP 0615218 B1 EP0615218 B1 EP 0615218B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- opto
- measured
- receiver
- transmitter
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
- G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
- G08B17/113—Constructional details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for compensating the air humidity according to the preamble of claim 1 and to an apparatus for performing the method.
- the backward-scattering optical smoke detectors used today are excellent early warning devices for fires with smoke development, for example smoldering fires. When used in rooms with high air humidity, undesirable high false alarm rates often occur due to condensation in the optical detector.
- the backward scattering optical smoke detectors generally referred to as scattered light detectors, have very good smoke detection properties, they react disadvantageously to water vapor or small water droplets, because the scattered light detectors can detect the scattered light from water vapor that has penetrated into the measuring chamber, e.g. on the labyrinth, on ridges and lenses as condensation, do not differentiate from the scattered light caused by smoke.
- European patent application 0 418 410-A1 describes such a method and an apparatus therefor.
- the environmental parameter relative humidity with a in the measuring chamber Arranged moisture sensor measured and a measured moisture value determined therefrom by means of a linearizing device.
- the smoke density measurement value is compensated with the moisture measurement value and the compensated smoke density measurement value is further processed to form alarm criteria.
- the device provided for this purpose is designed such that the scattered light detector has a transmitter circuit which controls the light transmitter, a receiver circuit which converts the receiver current of the light receiver into a frequency change, an oscillator circuit which converts the measurement signals of the moisture sensor into frequency-analog signals, and has a microcomputer, which controls the transmitter circuit.
- the microcomputer measures the frequency change of the light receiver during a quartz-stable gate time and stores it as a smoke density measurement signal. Furthermore, it measures the frequency-analog signals of the humidity sensor and uses this to determine the value of the relative air humidity from a linearization table in the read-only memory and stores it as a humidity measurement value and compensates the smoke density measurement value with the humidity measurement value.
- the object of the invention is to further develop and improve the known method and the known device.
- the smoke density is measured with a scattered light detector based on the principle of optical backscattering.
- a generally pulse powered light transmitter e.g. an infrared light emitting semiconductor diode and a light receiver, e.g. a photodiode, are arranged in a labyrinth chamber in such a way that only the light scattered by smoke particles that have penetrated into the measuring chamber falls on the light receiver.
- An electronic circuit amplifies the receiver current, which is further processed as a smoke density measurement.
- the air humidity is not determined with its own moisture sensor, but with the aid of a further light transmitter and the already existing light receiver.
- a moisture deposit on the receiving optics is detected by periodically measuring the smoke density with the first light sensor and, with a time offset, the moisture with the second light sensor and processing the two measured values in a downstream microcomputer.
- the moisture coating on the receiver lens reflects the light from the second light transmitter, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the light receiver in such a way that the emitted light touches the receiving optics approximately tangentially on its surface.
- the output signal of the light receiver for moisture detection depends on the thickness of the moisture film and is weakened accordingly if there is more moisture in the detector. This is evaluated in a manner known per se in the downstream microprocessor. It is expedient to set the received signal in the case of a dry scattered light detector via the control output of the second light transmitter so that an amplifier connected downstream of the light receiver operates in the upper modulation range.
- Every light transmitter is one Assigned transmission circuit, which is controlled by the microcomputer, the light receiver is followed by a receiving circuit in which the output signals of the light transmitter are amplified and then fed to the microcomputer, which digitizes the received signal and then processes it.
- a scattered light detector SM is indicated, which has an optical measuring chamber MK, a so-called labyrinth.
- the light emitted by the first light transmitter LS1 through the transmitter lens SL radiates in this measuring chamber MK. If smoke particles RP or water droplets WT enter the measuring chamber MK, the light from the light transmitter LS1 is scattered backwards and the light receiver LE with its receiving optics EL receives the scattered light.
- a second light transmitter LS2 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the light receiver LE or the receiving optics EL so that the emitted radiation touches the lens surface approximately tangentially.
- the output signals of the light receiver LE are amplified via a receiver switch S-Sch, which is fed to the microcomputer ⁇ R, in which they are digitized using an analog-digital converter ADW.
- the microcomputer controls the two transmission circuits S-Sch1 and S-Sch2, which control the light transmitters LS1 and LS2 at different times.
- the microcomputer ⁇ R is connected to the primary signal line ML, which in turn is connected to a central Z via the a and b wires.
- the light receiver LE is generally a photodiode, which is once the light scattered by the smoke receives the first light-emitting diode LS and the other time receives the light from the second light-emitting diode (infrared semiconductor diode) LS2.
- the second infrared light-emitting semiconductor diode is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the receiving lens EL in such a way that the emitted radiation touches the lens surface approximately tangentially.
- the output voltage of the receiver circuit E-Sch is set via the drive power of the second infrared light-emitting diode LS2 with a dry surface of the receiving lens EL so that it comes into the upper modulation range of the receiving amplifier (E-Sch).
- Thawing, ie a moisture coating on the surface of the receiving lens leads to a reflection of the infrared radiation of the second light-emitting diode LS2 on the surface of the water droplets WT sitting on the receiving lens EL, which leads to a reduction in the receiver output signal.
- the receiving lens can also be a lens-shaped surface of a light guide that directs the incident infrared radiation to the photodiode.
- the diode current of the second light-emitting diode is only a few percent of the diode current of the first light-emitting diode.
- the two light transmitters are operated at different times. Because of the low drive power and the special beam alignment of the second light transmitter, the resulting received signal is only dependent on the thickness of the moisture film on the surface of the receiving lens, but not on any smoke particles that may be present in the measuring chamber. In this case, the output signal of the light receiver is therefore a measured value for the air humidity.
- the microcomputer ⁇ R uses this to determine the amplified and and digitized output signal the light receiver the degree of condensation via a linearization table in the read-only memory and stores it as the condensation value or the moisture value.
- the smoke density measurement value and the moisture measurement value can either be sent periodically to the fire control center Z via the connected primary signal line ML, so that the humidity compensation of the smoke density measurement value is carried out in the control center.
- the moisture compensation of the smoke density measured value can also take place in the scattered light detector itself, ie in the microcomputer of the scattered light detector.
- the microcomputer then sends the compensated smoke density measured value from the detector via the connected primary signal line to the fire alarm control panel.
- the regulation for humidity compensation takes into account the relationship between the humidity and the condensation described above and the uncompensated smoke detector measured value in such a way that the formation of water droplets is recognized and the resulting light reflection does not lead to an increase in the smoke detector measured value.
- the smoke density measured value is compensated and the compensated smoke density measured value is further processed for alarm generation. This ensures that the scattered light detector detects smoke particles that have penetrated even at high relative atmospheric humidity with an almost constant sensitivity and does not deliver any false alarms when condensation occurs.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4307585 | 1993-03-10 | ||
| DE4307585A DE4307585C1 (de) | 1993-03-10 | 1993-03-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation der Feuchtigkeit in einem Streulichtmelder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0615218A1 EP0615218A1 (de) | 1994-09-14 |
| EP0615218B1 true EP0615218B1 (de) | 1996-09-11 |
Family
ID=6482440
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94103217A Expired - Lifetime EP0615218B1 (de) | 1993-03-10 | 1994-03-03 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation der Feuchtigkeit in einem Streulichtmelder |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0615218B1 (da) |
| AT (1) | ATE142807T1 (da) |
| DE (2) | DE4307585C1 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK0615218T3 (da) |
| ES (1) | ES2091645T3 (da) |
| GR (1) | GR3021486T3 (da) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7209046B2 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2007-04-24 | Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for the detection and signaling of dew films in smoke detectors |
| US12592137B2 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2026-03-31 | Kidde Fire Protection, Llc | Condensation monitoring in aspirating smoke detection systems |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5781291A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-07-14 | Pittway Corporation | Smoke detectors utilizing a hydrophilic substance |
| DE19912911C2 (de) * | 1999-03-22 | 2001-07-19 | Schako Metallwarenfabrik | Vorrichtung zur Erkennung von Rauch |
| DE102004020489B4 (de) * | 2004-04-26 | 2007-06-28 | Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg | Brandmelder für Einsatz in Außenatmosphäre |
| DE102004032294B4 (de) * | 2004-07-03 | 2012-02-09 | Minimax Gmbh & Co. Kg | Beheizter Brandmelder |
| US20230049915A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 | 2023-02-16 | Durag Gbmh | Device for the scattered light measurement of particles in a gas |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH571750A5 (en) * | 1974-09-10 | 1976-01-15 | Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co Ltd | Photoelectricccc aerosol or smoke detector - second photo cell receives reflected light from prism surface to compensate for contamination |
| DE58908329D1 (de) * | 1989-09-19 | 1994-10-13 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kompensation der Luftfeuchtigkeit in einem optischen Rauchmelder. |
-
1993
- 1993-03-10 DE DE4307585A patent/DE4307585C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-03-03 ES ES94103217T patent/ES2091645T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-03 EP EP94103217A patent/EP0615218B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-03 DK DK94103217.9T patent/DK0615218T3/da active
- 1994-03-03 DE DE59400613T patent/DE59400613D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-03 AT AT94103217T patent/ATE142807T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1996
- 1996-10-25 GR GR960402845T patent/GR3021486T3/el unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7209046B2 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2007-04-24 | Job Lizenz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for the detection and signaling of dew films in smoke detectors |
| US12592137B2 (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2026-03-31 | Kidde Fire Protection, Llc | Condensation monitoring in aspirating smoke detection systems |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0615218T3 (da) | 1996-11-04 |
| EP0615218A1 (de) | 1994-09-14 |
| ATE142807T1 (de) | 1996-09-15 |
| DE59400613D1 (de) | 1996-10-17 |
| DE4307585C1 (de) | 1994-03-10 |
| ES2091645T3 (es) | 1996-11-01 |
| GR3021486T3 (en) | 1997-01-31 |
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