EP0627520B1 - Câble d'acier compact sans fil de frettage - Google Patents

Câble d'acier compact sans fil de frettage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0627520B1
EP0627520B1 EP19940201134 EP94201134A EP0627520B1 EP 0627520 B1 EP0627520 B1 EP 0627520B1 EP 19940201134 EP19940201134 EP 19940201134 EP 94201134 A EP94201134 A EP 94201134A EP 0627520 B1 EP0627520 B1 EP 0627520B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filaments
steel cord
centre
outer layer
cord according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940201134
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0627520A1 (fr
Inventor
Joost Berghmans
Johan De Waegenaere
Pierre Klingeleers
Frans Van Giel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bekaert NV SA
Original Assignee
Bekaert NV SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bekaert NV SA filed Critical Bekaert NV SA
Priority to EP19940201134 priority Critical patent/EP0627520B1/fr
Publication of EP0627520A1 publication Critical patent/EP0627520A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0627520B1 publication Critical patent/EP0627520B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/0646—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles comprising longitudinally preformed wires
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0606—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles
    • D07B1/062—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration
    • D07B1/0626—Reinforcing cords for rubber or plastic articles the reinforcing cords being characterised by the strand configuration the reinforcing cords consisting of three core wires or filaments and at least one layer of outer wires or filaments, i.e. a 3+N configuration
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D07B2201/2027—Compact winding
    • D07B2201/2028—Compact winding having the same lay direction and lay pitch
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2207/00—Rope or cable making machines
    • D07B2207/20—Type of machine
    • D07B2207/204—Double twist winding
    • D07B2207/206—Double twist winding with means for providing less than double twist, e.g. counter rotating means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/12—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form of low twist or low tension by processes comprising setting or straightening treatments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steel cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomeric articles such as the carcass plies and breaker plies of pneumatic radial tyres, conveyor belts, hoses and timing belts.
  • RESEARCH DISCLOSURE RD 17534 discloses a non-wrapped steel cord where the outer filaments are helically laid under high tension around waved core wires so that the core wires are anchored in the cord.
  • a steel cord adapted for the reinforcement of elastomeric articles.
  • the steel cord comprises a centre structure of one to five centre filaments and a maximum of two layers of layer filaments surrounding said centre : an outer layer of outer layer filaments and, possibly, one or more intermediate layers of intermediate layer filaments between the centre structure and the outer layer. All the centre filaments and all the layer filaments have the same twist hand and the same twist pitch.
  • the outer layer filaments have a performing ratio smaller or equal to 100% so that they exert a force which is directed radially inward and which is of such a magnitude that sleeving of the steel cord is prevented.
  • a steel cord "adapted for use in the reinforcement of elastomeric articles” means that the steel cord has the necessary features to reinforce elastomeric articles. This means, either alone or in combination, that :
  • a non-wrapped cord which is fixed enough and tight enough to enable easy processing and to prevent sleeving can be obtained by having the outer layer filaments exerting a force which is directed radially inwards towards the centre of the cord.
  • the function of holding the cord fixed through the force once exerted by the wrapping filament is now provided by the force exerted by the outer layer filaments.
  • preforming the outer layer filaments Having the outer layer filaments exerting a force which is directed radially inward is realized by preforming the outer layer filaments so that they have a preforming ratio, as defined hereinafter, which is smaller than or equal to one hundred per cent.
  • the "preforming ratio" of a particular filament is herein defined as follows : diameter of the helicoid of the disentangled filament diameter of the helicoid of the filament in the cord x 100
  • the preforming ratio of the outer layer filaments is kept as low as possible.
  • the preforming ratio of the outer layer filaments must have a lower limit in order to avoid flare, i.e. the spreading of the filament ends after cutting of the cord.
  • the radially inward force can be increased by providing the outer layer filaments with residual torsions which tend to close the steel cord.
  • the "number of residual torsions” are herein defined as the number of revolutions one end of a specified length of cord or filament is allowed to turn freely.
  • the degree of residual torsions of the outer layer filaments in the direction of closing of the cord is made as high as possible, nevertheless the degree of residual torsions of the outer filaments is limited in order to avoid other kinds of processability problems.
  • the direction of closing of the cord is obtained by turning the outer layer filaments in the same direction as the direction of the previous twisting of the steel cord.
  • some or all of the filaments other than the outer filaments have residual torsions which tend to open the steel cord.
  • the radially inward force can also be increased by putting the outer layer filaments in the steel cord under a tensile force.
  • the outer layer filaments are put under a tensile force in the steel cord, if after careful disentangling of the outer filaments, the twist pitch of the disentangled outer filaments is smaller than the twist pitch of the steel cord. In order to obtain a tension balance in the steel cord, some or all of the filaments other than the outer layer filaments are put under a compressive force in the steel cord.
  • At least part of the surface of the filaments is provided with a lubricant in order to obtain a steel cord which slides more easily through narrow openings and which is less prone to sleeving.
  • the lubricant must be of a kind that does not harm the adhesion to the elastomer and preferably of a kind that will promote the adhesion of the steel cord to the elastomer.
  • the steel cord as a whole is preferably free of residual torsions and has no flare.
  • the steel cord has a centre structure of only one (outer) layer.
  • the layer structure consists of three centre filaments and the outer layer consists of nine layer filaments.
  • the centre structure consists of only one centre filament and the outer layer consists of six layer filaments.
  • the diameter of the centre filament may be greater that the diameter of the layer filaments. Diameter differences of 0.02 to 0.10 mm, e.g. of 0.02 to 0.06 mm, are common.
  • the steel cord has a centre structure, an intermediate layer and an outer layer.
  • the centre structure consists of one centre filament, the intermediate layer of six intermediate layer filaments and the outer layer of twelve outer layer filaments.
  • the centre structure consists of three centre filaments, the intermediate layer of nine intermediate layer filaments and the outer layer of fifteen outer layer filaments.
  • the diameter of the centre filaments may be larger than the diameter of the intermediate and outer layer filaments. Diameter differences of 0.02 to 0.10 mm are common.
  • the part load elongation of any of the centre filaments is preferably smaller that the part load elongation of any of the outer layer filaments.
  • the term "part load elongation" is herein defined as the increase in length of a gauge length at a tension of between 0 to 2.5 Newton and of another predetermined tension between 20 and 50 Newton.
  • the part load elongation of an individual steel filament is measured on the individual steel filament after twisting of the steel cord and after careful - i.e. without plastically deforming - disentangling of the steel filament from out of the steel cord.
  • the part load elongation of any of the intermediate layer filaments is preferably smaller than the part load elongation of any of the outer layer filaments.
  • FIGURE 1 schematically illustrates the phenomenon of sleeving.
  • the steel cord 10 is drawn through a small opening, and loses its compactness, i.e. the centre filaments no longer contact intermediate layer filaments and/or the intermediate layer filaments no longer contact outer layer filaments. This is to be avoided in the case of compact cords, especially if these compact cords are to lie very close to one another in an elastomeric ply of a radial tyre, particularly in a carcass ply or particularly in the case of the process of embedding the compact cords in an elastomeric ply in an extrusion process.
  • a compact steel cord is considered to be a non-sleeving steel cord if it remains a compact cord, i.e. with the outer layer filaments 12 contacting radially the inner filaments, after pulling a length of six metres of a steel cord 10, with both ends burnt (in order to avoid lengthwise shifting of the individual filaments with respect to one another), through a die 14 which has an opening equal to the diameter of the steel cord 10.
  • the sleeving phenomenon has a cumulative effect : if sleeving occurs, the diameter of the steel cord 10 before the die 14 gradually increases over the length of the steel cord and forms a so-called "blister".
  • FIGURE 2(a) shows the cross-section of a first embodiment of the present invention, i.e. a steel cord 10 with a centre structure of three centre filaments 16 and only one (outer) layer with nine outer layer filaments 12, 13.
  • An example of such a cord is : 3 x 0.25 / 9 x 0.23
  • Arrow 18 designates the twisting direction of the steel cord 10 (e.g. in Z-direction).
  • the non-sleeving has been realized by providing the outer layer filaments 12, 13 with residual torsions in the same direction as the twisting direction of the steel cord 10. The direction of these residual torsions is designated by arrow 20.
  • FIGURE 2(b) shows another way of realizing a non-sleeving cord.
  • the helicoid of the disentangled outer layer filament 12 has a diameter D which is smaller than the diameter D o of the helicoid of the outer layer filament 12 in the twisted steel cord 10 (22 designates the virtual cylinder around the twisted steel cord).
  • the preforming ratio of the outer layer filaments is smaller than 100 %.
  • FIGURE 3(a) shows the cross-section of a second embodiment of a steel cord 10 according to the present invention.
  • the steel cord 10 has a centre consisting of one single centre filament 16, an intermediate layer of six intermediate layer filaments 24 and an outer layer of twelve outer layer filaments 12, 13 : outer layer filaments 12 which contact only one intermediate layer filament 24 and outer layer filaments 13 which contact two intermediate layer filaments 24.
  • An example of such a cord is as follows : 1 x 0.22 / 6 x 0.20 / 12 x 0.20
  • the direction of twisting of the steel cord has been designated by arrow 18 (e.g. Z direction).
  • the outer layer filaments have residual torsions in the Z-direction (see arrow 20) which tend to close the steel cord.
  • the intermediate layer filaments 24 have residual torsions in the S-direction, i.e. residual torsions which tend to open the steel cord.
  • Figure 3(b) shows another way of realizing a non-sleeving cord : the preforming ratio (D/D o ) x 100 of the outer layer filaments 12, 13 is smaller than 100 %. As illustrated by FIGURE 3(c), the preforming ratio (D/D o ) x 100 of the intermediate layer filaments 24 can be greater than 100 %.
  • FIGURES 4 and 5 illustrate the part load elongation (PLE) of the individual disentangled steel filaments (not of the whole steel cord) of steel cords according to the present invention.
  • the abscissa is the increase in length or elongation
  • the Y coordinate is the tension (2.5 N - 50 N) exerted on the individual disentangled steel filaments.
  • FIGURE 4 corresponds to the embodiment where the non-sleeving has been realized by the residual torsions of the outer layer filaments which close the cord.
  • the PLE-values of the intermediate layer filaments 24 are represented by curves 28 which are all within a narrow range.
  • the PLE values of outer layer filaments 13 which contact two intermediate layer filaments 24, are represented by curves 30 which are also within a narrow range.
  • the PLE-values of outer layer filaments 12 which contact only one intermediate filament 24, are represented by curves 32 which are also within a narrow range.
  • FIGURE 5 corresponds to the embodiment where the non-sleeving has been realized by preforming ratios of the outer filaments which are smaller than 100 %.
  • the PLE-values of the intermediate layer filaments 24 are again represented by curves 28 which are all within a narrow range.
  • the PLE-values of all the outer layer filaments 12 and 13 are now within the same narrow range and are represented by curves 34.
  • FIGURE 6 A method of manufacturing steel cords according to the present invention is illustrated in FIGURE 6.
  • the individual steel filaments 12, 13, 16 and 24 are drawn from the supply spools 36 and guided via a distributing disc 38 to a twisting die 40.
  • a lubricant can be added to the steel filaments as they enter into the twisting die 40.
  • the filaments are directed to a guiding pulley 42 where they receive a first twist for each rotation of flyer 44.
  • the (partially) twisted cord is guided over flyer 44 to a reversing pulley 46 where the cord receives a second twist for each rotation of flyer 44.
  • the twisted cord 10 is subsequently led to a rotating false twister 48 which, as is generally known in the art, can free the whole steel cord of residual torsion.
  • a capstan 50 draws the steel cord through all the upstream steps.
  • the steel cord is further led to a straightener 52 and wound over a guiding pulley 54 on spool 56.
  • the embodiment of the outer layer filaments 12, 13 having residual torsions which tend to close the steel cord 10 can be realized by giving the outer layer filaments 12, 13 torsions which are opposite in direction to and smaller in number than the torsions given to the outer layer filaments and to the steel cord during the twisting process. Tuning of the revolution speed of the false twister 48 can free the whole steel cord 10 of residual torsion, while the outer layer filaments 12, 13 tend to close the steel cord 10 and the intermediate layer filaments 24 tend to open the steel cord 10.
  • the embodiment of the outer layer filaments 12, 13 having a preforming ratio smaller than 100 % can be realized by correct location of the guiding holes for the outer layer filaments in the distributing disc 38 and by suitably arranging the distance between the distributing disc 38 and the twisting die 40. The greater the angle formed by the outer layer filaments 12, 13 and the centre filament 16 when approaching the twisting die 40, the greater the preforming degree.
  • the embodiment where the outer layer filaments are under a tensile force in the cord can be realized by drawing a length for the outer layer filaments 12, 13 from the supply spools 36 which is slightly insufficient and thus smaller than the length really needed in the final twisted cord. This can be obtained by preventing the twists given to the cord and the filaments from travelling upstream from reversing pulley 46 to guiding pulley 42.

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  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Câble d'acier (10) adapté pour renforcer des articles en élastomère, un tel câble d'acier comportant une structure centrale comprenant un à cinq fils centraux (16) et au moins une couche de fils de couche entourant ledit centre : une couche extérieure constituée de fils de couche extérieure (13) et de manière possible une ou plusieurs couches intermédiaires constituées de fils de couche intermédiaire (24) située entre la structure centrale et la couche extérieure,/tous les fils centraux (16) et tous les fils de couche (13 ; 24) ayant la même torsion et ayant le même pas de torsion, caractérisé en ce que les fils de couche extérieure ont un rapport de préformage qui est inférieur ou égal à cent pourcent de sorte qu'ils exercent une force qui est dirigée radialement vers l'intérieur et qui a une amplitude telle qu'un renflement du câble d'acier est empêché.
  2. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le câble d'acier n'a pas de fil de frettage.
  3. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une partie de la surface des fils a été munie d'un lubrifiant.
  4. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le câble d'acier a une seule couche de fils de couche (13).
  5. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la structure centrale comprend trois fils centraux (16).
  6. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 4 ou 5, dans lequel la couche comprend neuf fils de couche (13).
  7. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 4, dans lequel la structure centrale comprend un fil central (16).
  8. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 7, dans lequel la couche comprend six fils de couche (13).
  9. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 8, dans lequel tous les fils centraux (16) ont le même diamètre, tous les fils de couche ont le même diamètre (13) et dans lequel le diamètre des fils centraux est plus grand que le diamètre des fils de couche.
  10. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel le câble d'acier a une couche intermédiaire comprenant des fils de couche intermédiaire (24) .
  11. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 1, dans lequel tous les fils centraux (16) ont le même diamètre, tous les fils de couche intermédiaire (24) ont le même diamètre et tous les fils de couche extérieure (13) ont le même diamètre et dans lequel le diamètre des fils centraux est plus grand que le diamètre des fils de couche intermédiaire.
  12. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 10 ou 11, dans lequel le nombre de fils centraux (16) est de un, le nombre de fils de couche intermédiaire (24) est de six et le nombre de fils de couche extérieure (13) est de douze.
  13. Câble d'acier selon la revendication 10 ou 11, dans lequel le nombre de fils centraux (16) est de trois, le nombre de fils de couche intermédiaire (24) est de neuf et le nombre de fils de couche extérieure (13) est de quinze.
  14. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les fils de couche extérieure ont des torsions résiduelles qui tendent à fermer le câble d'acier.
  15. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 14, dans lequel les fils de couche intermédiaire ont des torsions résiduelles qui tendent à ouvrir le câble d'acier.
  16. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les fils centraux (16) ont des torsions résiduelles qui tendent à ouvrir le câble d'acier.
  17. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les fils de couche extérieure sont soumis à une force de traction dans le câble.
  18. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 17, dans lequel les fils de couche intermédiaire sont soumis à une force de compression dans le câble.
  19. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'allongement sous charge partielle de l'un quelconque des fils centraux est plus petit que l'allongement sous charge partielle de l'un quelconque des fils de couche extérieure.
  20. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 19, dans lequel l'allongement sous charge partielle de l'un quelconque des fils de couche intermédiaire est plus petit que l'allongement sous charge partielle de l'un quelconque des fils de couche extérieure.
  21. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 20, dans lequel l'allongement sous charge partielle de l'un quelconque des fils de couche extérieure qui sont en contact avec deux fils de couche intermédiaire est plus petit que l'allongement sous charge partielle de l'un quelconque des fils de couche extérieure qui sont en contact avec un seul fil de couche intermédiaire.
  22. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le câble d'acier sous forme d'un tout est sans torsion résiduelle.
  23. Câble d'acier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le câble d'acier n'a pas d'évasement.
EP19940201134 1993-06-02 1994-04-25 Câble d'acier compact sans fil de frettage Expired - Lifetime EP0627520B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19940201134 EP0627520B1 (fr) 1993-06-02 1994-04-25 Câble d'acier compact sans fil de frettage

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93201572 1993-06-02
EP93201572 1993-06-02
EP19940201134 EP0627520B1 (fr) 1993-06-02 1994-04-25 Câble d'acier compact sans fil de frettage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0627520A1 EP0627520A1 (fr) 1994-12-07
EP0627520B1 true EP0627520B1 (fr) 1998-12-02

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EP19940201134 Expired - Lifetime EP0627520B1 (fr) 1993-06-02 1994-04-25 Câble d'acier compact sans fil de frettage

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5706641A (en) * 1994-11-14 1998-01-13 Bridgestone Metalpha Corporation Steel cord having layer-twisted structure of helicoidal filaments for reinforcing rubber product
US6334293B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2002-01-01 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Steel cord with polymer core
WO2003069055A1 (fr) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-21 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Cable d'acier compact
WO2012095224A1 (fr) 2011-01-10 2012-07-19 Nv Bekaert Sa Câble en acier compact

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1219746A1 (fr) * 2000-12-28 2002-07-03 PIRELLI PNEUMATICI S.p.A. Câble métallique pour le renforcement d'un pneumatique pour un véhicule
RU2263731C2 (ru) * 2003-08-19 2005-11-10 Республиканское Унитарное Предприятие "Белорусский Металлургический Завод" Компактный нерасслаивающийся металлокорд
CN103298996B8 (zh) * 2011-01-10 2019-12-03 贝卡尔特公司 紧密型钢帘线

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6059188A (ja) * 1983-09-02 1985-04-05 ブリヂストン・ベカルト・スチ−ル・コ−ド株式会社 ゴム物品補強用スチ−ルコ−ド

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5706641A (en) * 1994-11-14 1998-01-13 Bridgestone Metalpha Corporation Steel cord having layer-twisted structure of helicoidal filaments for reinforcing rubber product
US6334293B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2002-01-01 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Steel cord with polymer core
WO2003069055A1 (fr) * 2002-02-14 2003-08-21 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Cable d'acier compact
WO2012095224A1 (fr) 2011-01-10 2012-07-19 Nv Bekaert Sa Câble en acier compact

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