EP0627604B1 - Disque céramique à plusieurs trous utilisé comme support d'éléments conducteurs de chaleur dans le chauffage électrique d'une installation de four industriel - Google Patents

Disque céramique à plusieurs trous utilisé comme support d'éléments conducteurs de chaleur dans le chauffage électrique d'une installation de four industriel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0627604B1
EP0627604B1 EP93105482A EP93105482A EP0627604B1 EP 0627604 B1 EP0627604 B1 EP 0627604B1 EP 93105482 A EP93105482 A EP 93105482A EP 93105482 A EP93105482 A EP 93105482A EP 0627604 B1 EP0627604 B1 EP 0627604B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic plate
holes
heating
ceramic
bore
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93105482A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0627604A1 (fr
Inventor
Harald Schmädig
Hubert Klöck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kanthal GmbH
Original Assignee
Kanthal GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kanthal GmbH filed Critical Kanthal GmbH
Priority to EP93105482A priority Critical patent/EP0627604B1/fr
Priority to AT93105482T priority patent/ATE132963T1/de
Priority to ES93105482T priority patent/ES2081650T3/es
Priority to DE59301416T priority patent/DE59301416D1/de
Priority to US08/222,278 priority patent/US5543603A/en
Priority to JP6066056A priority patent/JP2729350B2/ja
Publication of EP0627604A1 publication Critical patent/EP0627604A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0627604B1 publication Critical patent/EP0627604B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/62—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces
    • H05B3/64—Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces using ribbon, rod, or wire heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/0003—Linings or walls
    • F27D1/0036—Linings or walls comprising means for supporting electric resistances in the furnace

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-hole ceramic disc as a heat conductor carrier of a heating insert for the electrical heating of industrial furnace systems with a central hole on the axis of symmetry of the ceramic disc for a support element, further with several holes arranged uniformly distributed on at least one coaxial circle for heating conductors, and with several , Recesses evenly distributed over the circumference of the ceramic disc at the edge of the ceramic disc.
  • heating plugs are built up, the ceramic disks having the task of holding and positioning the resistance heating elements inserted through the holes mentioned.
  • the ceramic disks are spaced apart and arranged parallel to one another, a support element, usually a rod or a tube, being inserted through the central holes in the ceramic disks.
  • This structure is usually pushed into a protective tube made of metal or ceramic, which emits the heat to the outside during operation. Due to the thermal changes in length, there must be some play between the outer circumference of the heating plug and the inner diameter of the protective tube, also called the radiation tube.
  • the heating insert can also be installed and operated as a freely radiating heating element in a thermal system without a protective tube.
  • the outer circumference of these ceramic disks is usually circular and all holes in the ceramic disk have a constant diameter over their length.
  • the heat conductors and also the other metal parts of the heating element are made of an aluminum-containing alloy, especially if higher temperatures are to be achieved.
  • the oxygen combines with the aluminum of the alloy and forms Al2O3.
  • This oxide is desirable because it significantly increases the life of the heating element. The phenomena described are known.
  • each ceramic disc forms a barrier for oxygen (air) flowing through, because all holes of the ceramic disc are almost completely filled with the heating conductors or with the support element and there is also only a very small gap to the outer one on the outer circumference of the ceramic discs Protection tube, the size of which also depends on the respective temperature.
  • thermocouples are rod-shaped and can extend the length of the heating element.
  • the assembly is cumbersome and complex, because care must always be taken to ensure that the recesses mentioned are aligned with one another.
  • the heating conductors have contact with the ceramic disks over an annular region with a tangible length. This is due to the holes for the heating conductor, which, as mentioned, have a constant cross-section over their length. After the ceramic washers are poor heat conductors, heat accumulates in this area, which not only deteriorates the efficiency of the heating elements, but in particular the ceramic disks work over a relatively large ring area in operation on each heating conductor and can damage it. This work is due to the often considerable thermal changes in length.
  • recesses are provided in its edge which are uniformly distributed over the circumference of the disc and are circularly bordered.
  • the recesses are spaced from one another in such a way that a part of the original circular shape of the disk remains between the recesses.
  • the holes of the ceramic disk carrying the heating conductors are chamfered, apparently in order to prevent damage to the ceramic material when the ceramic disks are being pulled onto the heating conductors.
  • edge protection of the holes in the ceramic disc is sought because the edges of the ceramic disc are broken by the chamfering.
  • the depth of attack is 2 mm with a total length of the bore of 11.2 mm.
  • the depth of cut is approx. 4 mm with a total hole length of approx. 12 mm.
  • Another known embodiment shows such a ceramic disc, also without the mentioned recesses on the edge the disc, and with two bolt circles, of which the outer bolt circle has chamfers, in one embodiment the total thickness of the disc and thus the entire length of the bores is 16 mm and the chamfers are 2 x 5 mm long. In a second embodiment, the disc is 19 mm thick and the chamfers are also 2 x 5 mm long.
  • the bevels extend just over half the total length of the bores, the second embodiment shows that emphasis was only placed on edge protection there, so that the construction of this known ceramic disk was also not in the possession of the invention .
  • US-A-4 016 403 describes a multi-hole ceramic disk as a heat conductor carrier of a heating insert for the electrical heating of industrial furnace systems with a central hole on the axis of symmetry of the ceramic disk for a support element and with a plurality of holes arranged uniformly distributed on at least one coaxial circle for heating conductors.
  • the outer circumference of this known ceramic disc is circularly edged.
  • the holes for the heating conductors which are arranged coaxially to the central hole, widen outwards from the center, on both sides, in order to protect the edges in question.
  • the invention has for its object to propose a multi-hole ceramic disc with the features of the preamble of claim 1, which in particular causes a noticeably reduced risk of injury in a heating element equipped with such ceramic discs.
  • the invention is characterized in that the recesses provided on the circumference of the ceramic disk are wavy-edged with circular shapes of the mountains and valleys of the waveform and with continuous transitions between the circular shapes, the holes of the outer row of holes with respect to the waveform so are arranged so that the distance from these holes to the undulating edge of the disk is as constant as possible.
  • the holes in question should therefore, seen from the inside of the disk, be located in the radial direction under the "peaks" of the waveform.
  • the distances to the edge of the pane that have been achieved and are as constant as possible thereby reduce the loads in the case of thermal changes in length and therefore increase the service life of the construction.
  • the diameter of the holes intended for the heating conductors increases outwards at least at one end of the hole in question, in these holes the transition between the cylindrical part of the bore and the outwardly widening part of the bore is rounded and the cylindrical one Part of the bore is less than half the thickness of the ceramic disk, preferably less than a quarter of the disk thickness.
  • the risk of injury to the outside of the heating conductor inserted into the holes is noticeably reduced at this point.
  • the length of the bores, by way of which the heating conductors rest against the material of the ceramic disk, is substantially reduced, so that the risk of injury to the heating conductor surface is likewise avoided is reduced because the contact area is noticeably smaller.
  • there are improved radiation conditions for the heating conductor combined with a lower risk of overheating.
  • the shorter length of the heating conductors also minimizes oxide abrasion on the surface of the heating conductors.
  • the length of the cylindrical part of the bores can also be done in absolute lengths.
  • the length depends on the thickness of the pane. Tests have shown that good results can be achieved if, as is preferred, the cylindrical part of the bore is at most 5 mm long and is preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm to 3 mm.
  • the ceramic disk has a central hole 3 on its axis of symmetry 4.
  • the disc is bordered on its circumference by a wavy line 5.
  • the arrangement need not be symmetrical, as shown in Fig. 2; in extreme cases, the coaxial web 7 can be provided at one end of the hole, so that only one of the widening sections 8 is then provided.
  • Fig. 2 shows, moreover, that the middle hole 3 is chamfered for reasons of edge protection, just as in the prior art described in the introduction, so that from Fig. 2, the qualitative difference in the holes 6 between the prior art and the subject of the invention emerges.
  • Fig. 1 shows that the waveform 5, seen from the center of the disc, is formed by sections 9 which go out with a predetermined radius, and adjoining sections 10 which have the indentations of the with a predetermined radius Form waveforms.
  • the transitions between these radii or sections 9, 10 are smooth and smooth.
  • the radii of the two sections 9, 10 do not have to be the same, but they should not be too different.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Disque céramique à plusieurs trous, réalisé comme support de conducteurs de chauffage d'un élément d'insertion de chauffage pour le chauffage électrique d'installations de four industriel avec un trou central (3) sur l'axe de symétrie (4) du disque céramique pour un élément porteur, de plus avec plusieurs trous (6), agencés répartis régulièrement sur au moins un cercle coaxial (1, 2), pour des conducteurs de chauffage, et avec plusieurs évidements (10) répartis régulièrement sur la périphérie du disque céramique, au bord (5) du disque céramique,
    caractérisé en ce
    que les évidements prévus à la périphérie du disque céramique ont des bords de forme ondulée, avec des formes circulaires de montagnes (9) et de vallées (10) de la forme ondulée (5) et avec des transitions continues entre les formes circulaires (9, 10), les trous (6) de la rangée de trous (2) la plus à l'extérieur étant ainsi agencés par rapport à la forme ondulée (5), qu'il se forme un espacement le plus constant possible de ces trous (6) à l'arête ondulée (5) du disque.
  2. Disque céramique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce
    que le diamètre des trous (6) destinés aux conducteurs de chauffage augmente vers l'extérieur, au moins à une extrémité du trou concerné (6), la transition (R) entre la partie cylindrique (7) de la forure (6) et la partie (8) de la forure (6), qui s'élargit vers l'extérieur, étant arrondie lors de ces trous (6) et la partie cylindrique (7) de la forure (7) atteignant moins que la moitié de l'épaisseur du disque céramique, de préférence moins qu'un quart de l'épaisseur du disque.
  3. Disque céramique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce
    que la partie cylindrique (7) de la forure a 5 mm de long au maximum, de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 2 à 3 mm.
EP93105482A 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Disque céramique à plusieurs trous utilisé comme support d'éléments conducteurs de chaleur dans le chauffage électrique d'une installation de four industriel Expired - Lifetime EP0627604B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93105482A EP0627604B1 (fr) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Disque céramique à plusieurs trous utilisé comme support d'éléments conducteurs de chaleur dans le chauffage électrique d'une installation de four industriel
AT93105482T ATE132963T1 (de) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Mehrloch-keramikscheibe als heizleiterträger eines heizeinsatzes für die elektrische beheizung von industrie öfenanlagen
ES93105482T ES2081650T3 (es) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Disco de ceramica de varios orificios, como soporte de conductores de caldeo de un elemento calefactor para el calentamiento electrico de instalaciones de hornos industriales.
DE59301416T DE59301416D1 (de) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Mehrloch-Keramikscheibe als Heizleiterträger eines Heizeinsatzes für die elektrische Beheizung von Industrie Öfenanlagen
US08/222,278 US5543603A (en) 1993-04-02 1994-04-04 Heat conductor support disk
JP6066056A JP2729350B2 (ja) 1993-04-02 1994-04-04 産業用電気炉の加熱エレメントにおける発熱抵抗体支持用セラミックディスク

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93105482A EP0627604B1 (fr) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Disque céramique à plusieurs trous utilisé comme support d'éléments conducteurs de chaleur dans le chauffage électrique d'une installation de four industriel

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0627604A1 EP0627604A1 (fr) 1994-12-07
EP0627604B1 true EP0627604B1 (fr) 1996-01-10

Family

ID=8212777

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93105482A Expired - Lifetime EP0627604B1 (fr) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Disque céramique à plusieurs trous utilisé comme support d'éléments conducteurs de chaleur dans le chauffage électrique d'une installation de four industriel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5543603A (fr)
EP (1) EP0627604B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2729350B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE132963T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59301416D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2081650T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE526522C2 (sv) 2003-06-27 2005-10-04 Sandvik Intellectual Property Keramisk stödskiva för värmeledare
SE528949C2 (sv) * 2005-06-09 2007-03-20 Sandvik Intellectual Property Elektriskt värmeelement för vertikal installation
US9296154B1 (en) * 2008-08-07 2016-03-29 Mcelroy Manufacturing, Inc. Tapered wattage radial heater
CN101360363B (zh) * 2008-08-21 2011-10-12 钟瑞明 节能发热系统
CN115299178A (zh) * 2020-03-23 2022-11-04 康泰尔有限公司 加热元件
US20240237155A1 (en) * 2020-06-18 2024-07-11 KANKEN TECHNO Co.,Ltd. Electric heating device
JP6853459B1 (ja) * 2020-06-24 2021-03-31 カンケンテクノ株式会社 電熱装置

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE909756C (de) * 1938-12-18 1954-04-26 Otto Junker Fa Halterung und Stromzufuehrung fuer elektrische OEfen und Heizeinrichtungen
US3045097A (en) * 1959-06-01 1962-07-17 William W Sellers Electric heater
US3846621A (en) * 1973-09-21 1974-11-05 Btu Eng Corp Furnace heating element
US4016403A (en) * 1975-05-01 1977-04-05 National Element Inc. Electrical heating element
USRE30838E (en) * 1975-05-01 1981-12-29 National Element, Inc. Electrical heating element
US4179603A (en) * 1977-11-21 1979-12-18 The Electric Furnace Company Radial blade heating device
US4126757A (en) * 1978-01-25 1978-11-21 Autoclave Engineers, Inc. Multizone graphite heating element furnace
JPS6333351U (fr) * 1986-08-13 1988-03-03

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Stemag Heizleiterträger für Rohr- und Patronenheizkörper Mehrlochscheiben, Seite 43 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0627604A1 (fr) 1994-12-07
ATE132963T1 (de) 1996-01-15
ES2081650T3 (es) 1996-03-16
JP2729350B2 (ja) 1998-03-18
DE59301416D1 (de) 1996-02-22
JPH07312278A (ja) 1995-11-28
US5543603A (en) 1996-08-06

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