EP0635683B1 - Kombinierter Brennwertkessel - Google Patents

Kombinierter Brennwertkessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0635683B1
EP0635683B1 EP94202121A EP94202121A EP0635683B1 EP 0635683 B1 EP0635683 B1 EP 0635683B1 EP 94202121 A EP94202121 A EP 94202121A EP 94202121 A EP94202121 A EP 94202121A EP 0635683 B1 EP0635683 B1 EP 0635683B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
burner
storage vessel
heat
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94202121A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0635683A1 (de
Inventor
Jan Hubertus Deckers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOLDING J.H. DECKERS N.V.
Original Assignee
Holding Jh Deckers Nv
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Holding Jh Deckers Nv filed Critical Holding Jh Deckers Nv
Publication of EP0635683A1 publication Critical patent/EP0635683A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0635683B1 publication Critical patent/EP0635683B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/48—Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a gas-fired central-heating (CH) boiler with a provision for supplying hot sanitary water, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • CH central-heating
  • Such a boiler is known from FR-A-2672113.
  • Such so-called combined boilers are well known and comprise a gas burner, a heat exchanger arranged in the path of the flue gases and included in a closed CH water circuit with a delivery pipe to radiators or other space heating elements and a return pipe, the sanitary water provision being adapted for the indirect uptake, by way of the heated CH water, of heat generated by the burner.
  • a sanitary water coil connected at one end to the water mains and at whose other end hot water can be tapped for household use, extends through a vessel entirely filled with water from the closed CH water circuit.
  • an amount of water for household use is stored in a vessel through which extends a coil-shaped part of the delivery CH water pipe.
  • the present invention concerns a combined boiler according to the storage principle.
  • the supply of hot sanitary water takes priority over the space heating function, i.e. upon a demand for sanitary water, the circulation of heated CH water is short-circuited over the CH water coil in the storage vessel, so that the heat produced by the burner is exclusively used for the benefit of sanitary water.
  • heated CH water Upon a demand for space heating, however, heated CH water always flows through the storage vessel. This makes it impossible to prevent a situation where, in winter for instance, when in the morning the temperature in the house is to be raised from 15° to 20° and the heat demand on the CH installation persists for a long period, too much heat is supplied to the sanitary water supply, i.e. the temperature in the storage vessel exceeds the set value (60-80°C). This leads to the switch-off of the burner and stagnation of the space heating process.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a combined boiler which does not have this drawback.
  • a boiler according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing part of claim 1. The invention is based on the insight that if the burner is switched off by the thermostat of the sanitary water vessel, at least as long as the circulation pump works, CH water that no longer receives heat from the boiler heat exchanger can draw heat from the storage vessel functioning as a heat accumulator, until the temperature in the storage vessel has fallen to the extent where where the burner is switched on again.
  • the effect contemplated viz. the transfer of heat accumulated in the storage vessel filled with sanitary water, to a sufficient extent to meet the demand for space heating as long as the burner is switched off by the thermostat of the storage vessel, can be realized in that, in a combined boiler which is equipped with a burner and a heat exchanger for transferring heat of flue gases to CH water (CH heat exchanger), as well as with a storage vessel for sanitary water, according to the invention, the CH heat exchanger is at least partly immersed in sanitary water and is adapted for direct heat exchange between passing flue gases, passing CH water and sanitary water in the storage vessel.
  • CH heat exchanger is at least partly immersed in sanitary water and is adapted for direct heat exchange between passing flue gases, passing CH water and sanitary water in the storage vessel.
  • sanitary water can be rapidly heated, directly by flue gas, and thereby the contents of the storage vessel can be better maintained at the required temperature. Also, in the off-condition of the burner, heat can be better transferred from the sanitary water to CH water.
  • the heat exchanger in order to ensure a good heat transfer from flue gases both to the CH water and to sanitary water, may comprise a flue gas passage bounded on one side by a CH water channel and on the other by a wall portion in direct contact with sanitary water present in the storage vessel, this wall portion being at least locally in heat-transmissive contact with the CH water passage.
  • the heat-transmissive contact between the wall portion in contact with sanitary water on the one hand and the CH water channel on the other can be provided by heating surface-enlarging elements which extend in the flue gas passage and are in direct communication both with a CH water passage and with the wall portion referred to.
  • the burner is switched off. Then the CH water flowing through the heat exchanger can for some time withdraw heat from the sanitary water vessel by way of the heating surface-enlarging elements referred to, until the temperature of the sanitary water vessel has decreased to the extent where the burner switches on again.
  • the heat exchanger made from light metal, may form part of a premix gas/air burner in a housing with a sidewall and a closed end wall, the burner being arrranged centrally within the sidewall with the combustion space facing the end wall, the flue gas duct, in which extend the heating surface-enlarging elements, being bounded by the above-mentioned sidewall of the housing and the CH water passage arranged substantially coaxially between the burner and the sidewall.
  • a burner/heat exchanger unit which has a housing part, bounded by a closed end wall, extending only partly into a storage vessel for sanitary water, i.e. only that portion of the housing where the combustion chamber is located and the flue gases have their highest temperature, is located within the storage vessel, and the part of the housing where the flue gases leave the housing is located outside the storage vessel.
  • egressing flue gases can no longer be heated by hot water in the storage vessel and they move in countercurrent with return CH water flowing in the water passage.
  • the flue gases can give off their residual heat to the return CH water and be cooled to 60-70°C.
  • the part of the burner/heat exchanger unit located outside the storage vessel thus operates as an economizer in that the flue gases present therein condense, thereby further giving off heat, and the boiler can therefore be qualified as a High-Efficiency boiler.
  • the capacity of the boiler can be varied form 5 kW to 25 kW. This means that with a single appliance, the greater part of the market with regard to households can be covered.
  • the boiler according to the invention can be manufactured in similar sizes to known combined boilers of the storage principle, at lower cost and providing more convenience in use than comparable combined boilers.
  • the burner may be made of modulating design.
  • a burner/heat exchanger assembly 1 extends partly into a storage vessel 2 for sanitary water.
  • the depth of insertion is variable, i.e. the assembly 1 projects outside the vessel 2 over a variable distance a .
  • the vessel 2 comprises an inlet 3 for cold sanitary water S and a tap 4 for hot sanitary water.
  • Indicated by 5 is a sensor having the function of a maximum-thermostat, control thermostat and priority thermostat.
  • the burner/heat exchanger assembly 1 comprises a housing, for instance cylindrical, with a sidewall 6 and a closed end wall 7.
  • a burner 8 Arranged substantially coaxially within the housing 6, 7 are a burner 8 with a combustion chamber 9 and a CH water passage 10 with an inlet 11 for return CH water and a discharge 12 for heated CH water, connected with a space heater, such as a radiator 13 (see Fig. 2).
  • the burner 8 is of the premix type, with a mixing chamber 14 which is supplied with air by a fan 15 and with gas through a pipe 16.
  • Fig. 1A The course of the water in the CH water passage 10 is indicated diagrammatically in Fig. 1A, i.e. return CH water enters at 11 and flows upwards following an interrupted helical path to a discharge 12 extending straight down.
  • the CH water passage 10 is directly connected with the housing sidewall 6 through heating surface-enlarging projections 19 extending transversly through the flue gas duct 17.
  • the combined boiler operates as follows:
  • the storage vessel 2 made of stainless steel or enamelled on the inside in view of the storage of drinking water, is filled by way of the inlet 3 and supplemented when hot water is withdrawn from the vessel through the tap 4.
  • the flue gas which may have a temperature of 1400°C in the combustion chamber 9 gives off heat directly to the light metal-cast CH water passage 10 and to the housing sidewall 6, and indirectly by way of the projections 19.
  • the CH water flowing in the passage 10 substantially in countercurrent with the flue gases, as well as the sanitary water S in the vessel 2 are heated.
  • the housing sidewall 6 will assume a temperature 10-15°C higher than the temperature of the sanitary water in the vessel 2.
  • flue gas flows through the part of the housing where the mixing chamber 14 of the burner is located and the part of the housing which projects outside the vessel 2 over a distance a .
  • the flue gas is further cooled through heat release to combustible mixture in the mixing chamber and to incoming return CH water which only has a temperature of about 20°C, so that the flue gas entering the flue has only a temperature of about 60°C.
  • the flue gases condense, so that condensation heat is used as well, which makes the boiler a High-Efficiency boiler.
  • Outgoing CH water can nevertheless be heated, viz. by transfer, through the projections 19, of accumulated heat from the vessel 2, until the temperature in the vessel 2 has fallen to the extent where the sensor 5 controls the ignition of the burner.
  • the combined boiler 1 may be equipped with a standard circulation pump 20, a standard DC fan 15 and a standard three-way valve 21 for short-circuiting the CH circuit.
  • a standard circulation pump 20 a standard DC fan 15 and a standard three-way valve 21 for short-circuiting the CH circuit.
  • a three-way valve it is also possible to switch the pump 20 in the case where the radiators in a space to be heated are provided with thermostat valves.
  • gas valve 22 suitable for use with an electrical (spark or heater plug) ignition.
  • the pump can be driven so as to continue operating for a specified time after switch-off.
  • NTCs resistive temperature sensors 23 or other thermostats provide for the observation of the temperature, on the basis of which the maximum-limitation is implemented, the control thermostat is controlled, the preferred control for hot sanitary water and similar functions are controlled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Kombinierter Kessel, der mit einem Brenner (8) und einem Wärmeaustauscher (10, 19, 6) zum Übertragen von Wärme von Verbrennungsgasen an Wasser einer Zentralheizung (CH) und mit einem Speicherkessel (2) für Sanitärwasser (S) ausgestattet ist, wobei der Wärmeaustauscher (10, 19, 6) zumindest teilweise in Sanitärwasser (S) eingetaucht ist und für einen direkten Wärmeaustausch zwischen hindurchströmenden Verbrennungsgasen, hindurchströmendem CH-Wasser und Sanitärwasser in dem Speicherkessel (2) angepaßt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Brenner (8) und der Wärmeaustauscher (10, 19, 6) in einer Baueinheit (1) kombiniert sind, welche in den Speicherkessel (2) von einer Seite eintritt, wodurch die Verbrennungsgase die Baueinheit bei Gebrauch in der Nähe der Seite verlassen, von der die Baueinheit in den Kessel eingesetzt wird.
  2. Kessel gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmeaustauscher (10, 19, 6) einen Durchgang (17) für das Verbrennungsgas aufweist, der auf einer Seite durch einen CH-Wasserkanal (10) und auf der anderen Seite durch einen Wandabschnitt (6) begrenzt wird, der mit dem in dem Speicherkessel (2) befindlichen Sanitärwasser (S) in direktem Kontakt steht, wobei der Wandabschnitt zumindest lokal in Wärmeübergangs-Kontakt mit dem CH-Wasserkanal (10) steht.
  3. Kessel gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Heizflächen vergrößernde Elemente (19) in den Durchgang (17) für das Verbrennungsgas ragen und in direkter Verbindung sowohl mit einem CH-Wasserdurchgang (10) und mit dem Wandabschnitt (6) stehen.
  4. Kessel gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der aus Leichtmetall hergestellte Wärmeaustauscher (10, 19, 6) einen Teil eines Gas/Luftbrenners (8) mit Vormischung in einem Gehäuse (6, 7) mit einer Seitenwand (6) und einer geschlossenen Endwand (7) bildet, wobei der Brenner (8) zentral innerhalb der Seitenwand (6) mit dem der Endwand (7) gegenüberliegenden Verbrennungsraum (9) angeordnet ist, die Leitung (17) für das Verbrennungsgas, in welche die die Heizflächen vergrößernden Elemente (19) ragen, durch die Seitenwand (6) des Gehäuses (6, 7) begrenzt wird und wobei der CH-Wasserdurchgang (10) im wesentlichen koaxial zwischen dem Brenner (8) und der Seitenwand (6) angeordnet ist.
  5. Kessel gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tiefe, bis zu der die Baueinheit (1) in den Speicherkessel (2) eingesetzt wird, einstellbar ist, so daß die Kapazität des Kessels verändert werden kann.
EP94202121A 1993-07-20 1994-07-19 Kombinierter Brennwertkessel Expired - Lifetime EP0635683B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9301274A NL9301274A (nl) 1993-07-20 1993-07-20 Hoog-rendement combiketel.
NL9301274 1993-07-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0635683A1 EP0635683A1 (de) 1995-01-25
EP0635683B1 true EP0635683B1 (de) 1997-10-15

Family

ID=19862682

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94202121A Expired - Lifetime EP0635683B1 (de) 1993-07-20 1994-07-19 Kombinierter Brennwertkessel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0635683B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE159336T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69406207T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0635683T3 (de)
NL (1) NL9301274A (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1004570C2 (nl) 1996-11-19 1998-05-20 Holding J H Deckers N V Verwarmingsinrichting met voorraadvat en warmtewisselaar en werkwijze voor de vervaardiging daarvan.
FR2769355B1 (fr) * 1997-10-07 1999-11-26 Mts Sa Chauffe-eau a gaz pour la production d'eau chaude sanitaire et d'eau chaude pour un circuit de chauffage
CN111412538A (zh) * 2019-01-08 2020-07-14 宁波方太厨具有限公司 双通道式分配器及包含其的双系统两用炉

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH510240A (de) * 1970-08-21 1971-07-15 Truebbach Apparatebau Ag Heizkessel
DE4201972C2 (de) * 1991-01-25 2001-07-05 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Wasserspeicher
DE9116438U1 (de) * 1991-05-31 1992-10-01 Vießmann, Hans, Dr., 3559 Battenberg Wärmeerzeuger für Warmwasserbereitung und Heizbetrieb

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69406207T2 (de) 1998-04-09
NL9301274A (nl) 1995-02-16
EP0635683A1 (de) 1995-01-25
ATE159336T1 (de) 1997-11-15
DE69406207D1 (de) 1997-11-20
DK0635683T3 (da) 1998-02-02

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