EP0638776B1 - Dispositif de réduction de l'émission d'odeur et de polluants pour des appareils de chauffage pour véhicules - Google Patents

Dispositif de réduction de l'émission d'odeur et de polluants pour des appareils de chauffage pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0638776B1
EP0638776B1 EP94110636A EP94110636A EP0638776B1 EP 0638776 B1 EP0638776 B1 EP 0638776B1 EP 94110636 A EP94110636 A EP 94110636A EP 94110636 A EP94110636 A EP 94110636A EP 0638776 B1 EP0638776 B1 EP 0638776B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
exhaust
flame tube
catalytically active
exhaust gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94110636A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0638776A1 (fr
Inventor
Leonhard Dr.-Ing. Vilser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
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Filing date
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Publication of EP0638776A1 publication Critical patent/EP0638776A1/fr
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Publication of EP0638776B1 publication Critical patent/EP0638776B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/0027—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel
    • F24H1/0045—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using fluid fuel with catalytic combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for reducing the Odor and pollutant emissions with catalytically effective Exhaust gas flow section during operation of a liquid fuel operated engine independent heater for vehicles with combustion chamber and subordinate Flame tube and concentric with the combustion chamber and the flame tube arranged heat exchanger, in which the exhaust gas after the Outlet deflected from the flame tube and through the heat exchanger is led to the exhaust outlet.
  • Heaters are known for heating the vehicle interior and for defrosting windows, for driving safety and to improve driving comfort just in time until the Engine of the vehicle has sufficient heat to heat the Gives up vehicle interior and during the time in which the Engine of the vehicle does not generate sufficient heat, e.g. at extremely low outside temperatures. Beyond that such heaters also used around the vehicle engine preheat so that it starts easier. Under vehicle not only cars, but also commercial vehicles and construction machinery and understood ships that have a propulsion engine and one intended for the stay of the operator Cabin or a cargo hold to be heated.
  • This Heaters are of the type used for combustion for heating purposes used liquid fuel in "gasoline” and “Diesel devices” divided and each of the two types again after the heat transfer medium in "air” and “water devices”.
  • a heater that uses air as a heat transfer medium shows DE 38 08 061 C2, one with a liquid Heat transfer medium working heater the DE 39 43 335 A1.
  • Both with petrol and with with diesel fuel operated heaters Combustion after appropriate preparation in a Combustion chamber and a subsequent flame tube, and the hot ones Exhaust gases are passed along a heat exchanger (heating heat exchanger) led to heat transfer to the heat transfer medium.
  • the exhaust gas then leaves the heater via an exhaust outlet connection and a generally short one Exhaust pipe. This is the way that the exhaust gas up to Leaving outside, very short compared to the Exhaust pipes of a vehicle engine with several silencers.
  • a heater in which effective sound absorption through sound absorption inserts or conditions are caused inside the heater should.
  • sound absorbing pads and / or inserts inside the combustion chamber in a flameless area arranged.
  • These layers or inserts can be porous or perforated and from a catalytic effective material, with layers of sound-absorbing material and those made of catalytic material also distributed within the fire tubes of the flame tube should be arranged.
  • this arrangement has the Disadvantage that the cleaning effect is very low and with increasing clogging of the pores by e.g. Soot particles the soundproofing deteriorates and that the Flow conditions in the combustion chamber, e.g. through openings in the combustion chamber inner lining, deteriorated become.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heater arrangement of the type mentioned, which is compact and with which with other simple measures nevertheless effective exhaust gas cleaning is achieved.
  • the essence of the invention is that in a portion of the exhaust gas flow path between the combustion chamber / flame tube outer wall and the heat exchanger inner wall is a catalytically coated, metallic knitted fabric is arranged.
  • Such knitted fabrics are known from exhaust gas purification technology and can easily that specified by the fins of the heat exchanger Contour to be adjusted. It has proven to be beneficial proven if the knitted fabrics are metallic and this version is adapted to the contour of the heat exchanger. This creates a ring-shaped element that is smooth on the inside is designed so that it is placed on the flame tube can be, while the outer contour of that of the heat exchanger and its ribs.
  • This element can be according to a continuation with an elastic layer be so that between the metallic frame of the knitted fabric and the heat exchanger an elastic intermediate layer arises.
  • an elastic layer be so that between the metallic frame of the knitted fabric and the heat exchanger an elastic intermediate layer arises.
  • a continuation of the Invention consist of source material, so that with increasing Temperature an increasing, tighter fit of the element in the room offered to him.
  • This element offers various options on. In the simplest case, a corresponding paragraph provided on the flame tube against which the element rests. The axial loading of this ring only takes place from one side, and through the ribbing is a radial Fixation given, so that a simple safeguard against axial displacement is sufficient.
  • This arrangement of the Elementes also has the great advantage of being present with it Retrofitted heaters without any special effort can be and that this component at any time in a very simple Way can be replaced.
  • Such a metallic one Knitted fabric is also suitable to be used with diesel fuel Retain soot particles occurring in heaters. A free burning of the element is at the given Temperatures in the heater can be achieved without additional effort.
  • the catalytically active element can not only be a metal-knitted, but also a ceramic monolith be, as is customary in exhaust gas cleaning is used, or a metallic corrugated body, such as he in automotive engineering, e.g. for pre-catalysts, is used.
  • a metallic corrugated body such as he in automotive engineering, e.g. for pre-catalysts.
  • such an element must be a have sufficient length, otherwise the dwell time of the exhaust gas in the element as it flows through is too low. This is especially true if the item should also act as a soot filter.
  • the ceramic body can a configuration can also be selected that is particularly suitable is to retain soot particles.
  • Such Ceramic bodies have a variety of continuous Channels on the checkerboard side on the entrance or exit are closed, so that the exhaust gas in each case open channels then enters through the ceramic body passes through the adjacent channels and from there the exhaust gas treatment body leaves. That in the passage through soot particles deposited on this exhaust gas treatment body then at the given temperature conditions in the Remove the flame tube easily by burning it out.
  • the heater shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 1 differs differs from that shown in cross section in FIG Heater only by the different guidance of the Heat transfer medium, the air in the example of FIG. 1 is and in the example of FIG. 2 is a liquid. thats why 1 on both sides with fins, Inner and outer ribs, provided, and the supply and discharge of the heat transfer medium takes place differently from each other.
  • combustion chamber 1 has a combustion chamber 1 in which Fuel supplied via the spark plug socket 2, the via the combustion air supply nozzle 3 via a combustion air blower 4 sucked air gets mixed and thus an ignitable Mixture forms, which ignites by means of the ignition device 4 will be burned.
  • a flame shield 6 Connects to the combustion chamber 1 a flame shield 6 and acting as a flame holder Flame tube 7 on.
  • a blower motor 8 arranged with the hot air blower 9, over the air as a heat transfer medium from the air intake 10 sucked in and inside the housing 11 via the heat exchanger 12 is performed before the heater over the outlet port 13 leaves to directly or through a heating heat exchanger to heat up the vehicle cabin and defrost the windshield.
  • the ignition of the ignitable Fuel / air mixture takes place in the embodiment in an antechamber 14.
  • the combustion takes place in the combustion chamber 1 instead.
  • the flame reaches into that Flame tube 7, and the hot exhaust gases leave the flame tube 7 and hit the curved wall of the heat exchanger 12 and are deflected there and flow into the annular space 15 the exhaust outlet 16 and leave the heater there.
  • the temperature in the combustion chamber 1 is approximately 800 ° C and that at outlet 16 is about 200 to 300 ° C.
  • the heat exchanger 12 has an outer rib 12.1 in the annular space 19 between the housing 11 and the heat exchanger wall 12 to guide the heat transfer medium air and around a Improvement of the heat transfer from the hot exhaust gas to reach the heat transfer medium. Furthermore, the Heat exchanger 12 inner fins 12.2, which in known Way also serve to improve heat transfer. These inner ribs 12.2 protrude into the annular space 15 the flame tube 7 and the wall of the heat exchanger 12. In the heater according to FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 12 no outer ribs, and the position of the nozzle 10, 12, 16 is different from the heater of FIG. 1, because in the case 2 is a liquid heat transfer medium is used. Both heaters are known and have been used even under extreme conditions proven.
  • the combustion can be optimal can be set, but still - if anch in very small amounts - contain pollutant in the exhaust gas is.
  • the odorants contained in the exhaust gas are disruptive, partly as aromatic hydrocarbons, partially appear as hydrogen sulfide.
  • the arrangement offers itself to remove substances from the exhaust gas of catalysts, such as those used for exhaust gas purification liquid fuel powered engines is known.
  • the arrangement of such catalysts in the exhaust pipe from Heaters require a relatively large installation space, which is not available under normal installation conditions.
  • Element 21 in the annular space 15 between the flame tube 7 and the heat exchanger 12 can be arranged.
  • This element is 21 formed as a ring, the outer contour 21.1 of the corresponds to the ribbed part of the heat exchanger 12, while the inner contour 21.2 corresponding to the flame tube 7 smooth is.
  • the outer contour 21.1 and the inner contour 21.2 a casing for a catalytically coated Wire mesh 21.3.
  • the inlet and the outlet in this Element 21 is through a corresponding perforated plate 21.4 or 21.5 in Fig.
  • the element 21 can additionally with a thin Swell mat should be surrounded so that it increases with temperature and load more firmly in the contour of the annulus 15 fits and also secured against axial displacement is. Usually, however, this is not necessary because slightly in the direction of action behind the element 21 Stop can be arranged.
  • a ceramic, catalytically coated monolith with a variety of Passages for the exhaust gas or one with a variety of Catalytic coated SiC block be used.
  • This can be a catalytically active monolith or an SiC body with a corresponding coating.
  • the bracket takes place in a known manner via a wire mesh or / and a swelling mat.
  • the axial change in position can through a stop, a constriction or an inserted Ring take place in the flame tube 7, the axial position fixing in the flow direction behind the element 23 he follows.
  • the element 21 as a soot filter in be known manner.
  • Such soot filters exist from a catalytically effective coated body with parallel, continuous channels that and accordingly checkerboard-like on the outlet side are closed, so that the exhaust gas in the outlet side sealed channel and then through the Monoliths in the other channel open on the outlet side occurs, the soot particles in the passage through the body deposit.
  • This element 21 is in the direction of flow behind the combustion chamber 1 and the flame tube 7 in the area arranged after the flow deflection of the exhaust gas. Temperatures still prevail there, which means that the Allow element 21 of the accumulated soot particles.
  • the element 21 can also be formed from SiC be.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Dispositif de réduction de l'émission d'odeur et de polluants, comportant un tronçon d'écoulement de gaz d'échappement à action catalytique, en cas de fonctionnement d'un appareil de chauffage indépendant d'un moteur, fonctionnant avec du combustible liquide, pour des véhicules, avec une chambre de combustion (1) et un tube à flamme (7) installé en aval, ainsi qu'un échangeur de chaleur (12) disposé concentriquement par rapport à la chambre de combustion et au tube à flamme, dans lequel les gaz d'échappement, après sortie du tube à flamme (7) sont déviés et guidés à travers l'échangeur de chaleur (12) vers la tubulure de sortie de gaz d'échappement (16), caractérisé en ce que dans un tronçon du chemin d'écoulement des gaz d'échappement, entre la paroi extérieure de chambre de combustion/tube à flamme et la paroi intérieure de l'échangeur de chaleur, est disposé un élément tricoté (21.3) métallique doté d'un revêtement catalytique.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tricoté (21.3) est monté dans une enveloppe métallique et est adapté au contour (21.2) de l'échangeur de chaleur (12).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche intermédiaire élastique est disposée entre l'enveloppe métallique de l'élément tricoté (21.3) et l'échangeur de chaleur (12).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la couche intermédiaire est constituée d'un matériau formant un matelas gonflant.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un monolithe céramique est prévu dans le tronçon actif catalytiquement du chemin suivi par l'écoulement des gaz d'échappement.
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un corps en SiC, ayant un revêtement correspondant, est prévu dans le tronçon efficace catalytiquement du chemin suivi par les gaz d'échappement.
EP94110636A 1993-08-12 1994-07-08 Dispositif de réduction de l'émission d'odeur et de polluants pour des appareils de chauffage pour véhicules Expired - Lifetime EP0638776B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4327139A DE4327139A1 (de) 1993-08-12 1993-08-12 Verfahren zur Verringerung der Geruchs- und Schadstoffemissionen bei Heizgeräten für Fahrzeuge und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE4327139 1993-08-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0638776A1 EP0638776A1 (fr) 1995-02-15
EP0638776B1 true EP0638776B1 (fr) 1999-12-29

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94110636A Expired - Lifetime EP0638776B1 (fr) 1993-08-12 1994-07-08 Dispositif de réduction de l'émission d'odeur et de polluants pour des appareils de chauffage pour véhicules

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0638776B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE188288T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4327139A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10143462A1 (de) * 2001-09-05 2003-07-03 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh Zusatzheizgerätanordnung mit einem Schalldämpfer
DE102016117408B4 (de) * 2016-09-15 2020-11-26 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Brennkammerbaugruppe für ein brennstoffbetriebenes Fahrzeugheizgerät

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19606135C2 (de) * 1996-02-20 1999-01-14 Erc Emissions Reduzierungs Con Katalysatoranordnung, insbesondere für einen Dreizugkessel
DE10004508A1 (de) * 2000-02-02 2001-08-09 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Brennkammeranordnung, insbesondere für ein Heizgerät
DE10156962A1 (de) * 2001-11-20 2003-06-26 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Heizgerät, insbesondere Standheizung und/oder Zuheizer eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE10200962A1 (de) 2002-01-12 2003-07-31 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Heizgerät und Gehäuse für ein Heizgerät
DE102008002956A1 (de) * 2008-07-22 2010-02-04 Webasto Ag Mobiles Heizgerät
DE102017100430A1 (de) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-12 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Brennkammerbaugruppe
CN108534135B (zh) * 2018-06-08 2024-06-04 中山劲牛科技有限公司 封堵头

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3425259C2 (de) * 1984-07-10 1986-10-23 Wolfgang 5063 Overath Schmitter Wärmeerzeuger
DE3713476A1 (de) * 1987-04-22 1988-11-10 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Heizgeraet, insbesondere fahrzeugzusatzheizgeraet
DE3808061A1 (de) * 1988-03-11 1989-09-21 Eberspaecher J Anordnung zur absenkung der abgastemperatur bei heizeinrichtungen
DE3838507A1 (de) * 1988-11-12 1990-05-17 Ernst Roehner Kombi-heizungskessel
DE3905775A1 (de) * 1989-02-24 1990-08-30 Kat Tec Ges Fuer Katalysatorte Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reduzierung von schadstoffen eines verbrennungsverfahrens mit oxidations-wabenkatalysatoren und katalysatoren mit entschwefelungseigenschaften und abgasrueckfuehrung
DE3943335A1 (de) * 1989-12-29 1991-07-04 Eberspaecher J Fahrzeugheizung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10143462A1 (de) * 2001-09-05 2003-07-03 Webasto Thermosysteme Gmbh Zusatzheizgerätanordnung mit einem Schalldämpfer
US7011179B2 (en) 2001-09-05 2006-03-14 Webasto Thermosysteme Internatonal Gmbh Auxiliary heater arrangement with a muffler
DE102016117408B4 (de) * 2016-09-15 2020-11-26 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH Brennkammerbaugruppe für ein brennstoffbetriebenes Fahrzeugheizgerät

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59409031D1 (de) 2000-02-03
EP0638776A1 (fr) 1995-02-15
DE4327139A1 (de) 1995-02-16
ATE188288T1 (de) 2000-01-15

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