EP0643749A1 - Lichtmodifizierende zusammensetzung - Google Patents

Lichtmodifizierende zusammensetzung

Info

Publication number
EP0643749A1
EP0643749A1 EP94912424A EP94912424A EP0643749A1 EP 0643749 A1 EP0643749 A1 EP 0643749A1 EP 94912424 A EP94912424 A EP 94912424A EP 94912424 A EP94912424 A EP 94912424A EP 0643749 A1 EP0643749 A1 EP 0643749A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
grey
pigments
pigment
colour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94912424A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Towe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LUMAGRAY COLOUR SYSTEMS Inc
Original Assignee
TOWE MICHAEL LUMAGRAY COLOUR SYSTEMS Inc
Towe Michael
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/042,394 external-priority patent/US5273578A/en
Application filed by TOWE MICHAEL LUMAGRAY COLOUR SYSTEMS Inc, Towe Michael filed Critical TOWE MICHAEL LUMAGRAY COLOUR SYSTEMS Inc
Publication of EP0643749A1 publication Critical patent/EP0643749A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/06—Artists' paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0033—Blends of pigments; Mixtured crystals; Solid solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D17/00—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints
    • C09D17/004—Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints containing an inorganic pigment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
    • C01P2004/32—Spheres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values

Definitions

  • the invention relates to surface coatings such as paints.
  • the invention in its simplest form, relates to a composition comprising a colour pigment component and a light conditioning component characterized by being a transducing material having the ability to absorb light and reflect at least part of the light absorbed, thereby modifying the light in the coating resulting from the application of the composition.
  • Such pigment spacing component includes any material having the ability to partially absorb light.
  • Preferred are neutral grey pigments in the form of grey powders having a minimal colour producing effect.
  • the pigments can be in the form of ground grey powders such as powders taken from granite, feldspar, quartz or limestone or in the form of spherical metallic particles such as metallic zinc.
  • paints have been designed for the protection and decoration of masonry coatings, ferrous metals, non- ferrous metals, wood substrates and the like.
  • paints have been designed to provide special properties to the surface on which they are applied. Examples include the pigmentation of anti-foulants, electrocoatings, flame resistant and intumescent paints, heat-resistant paints and fluorescent paints. Pigments have also been used to prepare inks and to colour paper goods.
  • Other examples of use of coatings include the pigmentation of rubbers, plastics, cosmetics, magnetic tapes, food, textiles, adhesives and ceramics.
  • any type of coating composition prepared comprises binders, pigments and extenders which are combined to obtain the desired result.
  • the most commonly used pigment is titanium dioxide. Titanium dioxide is insoluble in all liquids, with the exception of concentrated sulphuric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Titanium dioxide molecules produce a highly reflective white powder.
  • the paint industry has by far the most widely diversified manufacturing requirements because each basic paint type such as flat, semi-gloss and enamel require different kinds and amounts of treatments using titanium dioxide. Still, titanium dioxide is used as a pigment by a large number of major industries such as paints, paper, plastics, rubbers, floor coverings, printing inks, ceramics, coated fabrics and roofing granules.
  • Titanium dioxide produces the effect of whiteness on the human eye because it reflects all wavelengths of visible light to the same degree. Under red light, it appears red; under blue light, blue and under green light, green. Only under illumination containing all of the wavelengths of visible light does titanium dioxide appear white. This property coupled with the extremely high stability of the compound has led to its widespread use in the coating industry.
  • shades of colour are obtained by mixing colour pigments with black and white pigments.
  • the white titanium dioxide pigments are very bright and their reflectivity is countered by the use of black pigments. This is generally how colours are made.
  • Extenders in the form of ground powders having a particle size of usually 1 to 10 microns as well as binders which can be selected fro a wide array of chemicals can be used to hold the pigments together to form an applicable composition.
  • titanium dioxide Although an advantage from a technological point of view, is a serious drawback from an environmental point of view because any release of such a chemical in the environment can potentially create serious environmental hazards.
  • the production of titanium dioxide causes the creation of massive amounts of highly toxic sulphur derivative by-products which are often released in the environment.
  • the invention provides a light-modifying composition
  • a colour pigment and a grey pigment characterized by having the ability to absorb light and reflect at least part of the light absorbed.
  • the grey pigment acts to substantially evenly reduce the amount of light flux within the composition.
  • grey pigment when used herein, is intended to designate any material of a grey appearance having essentially no chroma.
  • a wide variety of grey pigments can be used in the context of the present invention. The important aspect is the fact that the grey pigment must absorb light and reflect only a certain percentage of it. Preferred grey pigments to be used are neutral grey but the use of grey having between 5 and 90% reflectance can be contemplated.
  • grey pigments examples include ground powders such as granite, feldspar, quartz and limestone powders.
  • a coating base composition comprising a grey pigment dispersed in a solvent, as will be discussed in detail later.
  • the light-modifying compositions under the present inventive concept are free or substantially free of white and black pigments, although the presence of white or near white fillers is not excluded. The absence of white and black pigments allows the colour pigment to be more predominant and to exist in a more natural light environment.
  • the field of coatings has been based upon the preparation of compositions including titanium dioxide, binders and extenders.
  • the light-modifying composition of the present invention represents a departure from previous coating technology by allowing to eliminate or at least reduce the amount of traditional white and black pigments in the composition. By doing so, the required amount of colour pigment can be substantially reduced because the pigment particles are not overshadowed by either strongly reflecting white or strongly absorbing black pigment particles. This is possibly accomplished by providing a scale of light flux which results from the use of materials which absorb only a portion of the light in the coating film and provides a more even light environment for the colour pigments.
  • the present invention makes use of particulate grey pigments having a particle size of 40 ⁇ m or less.
  • any transducing material having the ability to produce gradual light flux reduction in a film or to convert light into another form of non-visible energy, such as osmium, can be used.
  • the spacing of pigments in the darker tonal ranges is allowed without the loss of intensity experienced with the use of black pigments.
  • the use of neutral grey pigments or almost neutral grey pigments of various reflectance generally from 5 to 90% reflectance, but not restricted exclusively to this range, and visually identified as light grey, medium grey, dark grey etc., and mixtures thereof, reduces the amount of light flux in the film body in a more or less even fashion across the visible spectrum. This in effect creates a more even lighting effect in the film and by the reduction in contrast allows the pigment particles to become brighter in the lowering reflective grey surround.
  • the grey particles can reflect light without altering significantly the colour of the film of the composition but only the intensity or flux of light from the film. Still, the resulting colour composition has some grey in its body. Without wishing to be bound by any theory, because of the visibility of the grey pigment, as the concentration of grey pigment particles increases, it becomes more visually apparent that there is grey in the composition. A more efficient grey allows a reduction in volume of grey pigment in the composition to achieve the same effect, thereby losing the grey appearance of the resulting colour. Achieving a more efficient grey can be accomplished by varying particle size, particle shape and index of refraction or by converting light into another form of energy.
  • composition of the present invention there is observed an interaction between the light reduction and the spacing effect of the grey pigments on the colour pigment, thereby producing the two mechanisms needed to achieve colour ranges of marked freshness and intensity. This in fact allows for colours that exist in nature to be produced, which is not possible when using large amounts of black and white fillers or white pigments and white fillers.
  • the light-modifying composition of the present invention makes use of a binder to bind the grey and colour pigments together.
  • a binder to bind the grey and colour pigments together.
  • the use of a binder is not necessary.
  • the grey pigments and the colour pigments are in physical admixture, hence the grey pigments constitute an agency to space substantially evenly the colour pigments.
  • the grey pigments and the colour pigments are physically separated from one another.
  • An example is a paint system including a undercoat that contains the grey pigments and an upper coat with the colour pigments.
  • the upper coat is a so called "clear coat" which is non-opaque and allows at least part of the light to reach the undercoat.
  • the invention provides a light conditioning composition
  • a grey pigments suspended in solvent said grey pigments having the ability to absorb light and reflect at least part of the light absorbed, said light modifying composition being capable of coating a surface to form an undercoat of a layer containing colour pigment.
  • the invention also provides a light modifying composition, said composition including:
  • first light conditioning composition comprising grey pigments suspended in solvent, said grey pigment having the ability to absorb light and reflect at least part of the light absorbed; and - a second light conditioning composition containing colour pigments, said second light conditioning composition being capable of coating a surface to form a non-opaque coloured layer, said first light conditioning composition being capable of coating a surface to form an undercoat for said non-opaque coloured layer.
  • the present invention provides a new approach to the preparation of colour coatings. This new approach is based on the reduction and preferably the elimination of white and black pigments commonly used in the preparation of colour coatings.
  • White and black pigments represent complete opposites in terms of reflectivity and light absorption. They have been used to tone colour when attempting to reach the desired shade.
  • the composition of the present invention comprises a limited number of components, with the grey pigment being the central component allowing the achievement of the desired range of colours.
  • grey pigment is also intended to designate any pigment having a middle reflectivity. Preferred materials which can be used as grey pigments will be described in further details but it is to be appreciated that the light modifying compositions of the present invention are not restricted to this type of pigment.
  • binders and colour pigments can be used in the light-modifying composition of the present invention and the present disclosure is not to be interpreted as being limited to those colour pigments and binders described herein.
  • the grey pigment is the central component of the light-modifying composition falling within the scope of the present invention.
  • the grey pigment acts as a spacer for colour pigments providing a more even light distribution throughout the coating.
  • the grey pigment material controls both value and chroma of the resulting coating. It acts by reducing the amount of light reflected in the coating and spacing the colour pigments.
  • the grey pigment is either in the form of ground carbonate, silicate, sulfate and phosphate powders taken from materials such as granite, feldspar, quartz, limestone (CaC0_) , dolomite limestone, kaolin, talc, mica and Fuller's earth or in the form of spherical metallic zinc powder particles.
  • a number of parameters can be adjusted to provide the desired reflectance in this grey pigment.
  • the particle size of the ground powder can have a substantial influence on the tone of the coating. Particle sizes ranging from 1 to 40 micrometers are usually preferred, with 1 to 20 micrometers being most preferred.
  • the reflectance of the specific grey pigments used has an influence on the final colour.
  • ground calcium carbonate powder has a reflectance of approximately 30% but it can be combined with other grey powders of lower or higher reflectance to obtain the desired colour.
  • the reflectance can range between 5 and 90% but the most useful materials appear to be the neutral grey having a medium range reflectance ranging between 30 and 80%.
  • the amount of grey pigment that is used in the composition of the present invention is usually substantial. This is the case because the middle reflectance of the grey pigments allows for use of very small amounts of colour pigments.
  • a binder will also form part of the composition but the percentage of binder used is relatively low. Consequently, the percentage of grey pigment used usually varies between 10 and 70% by weight, depending on which application is contemplated. Preferred percentages range between 20 and 50% by weight. However, much lower percentages can be used if the grey pigment is in the form of zinc powder.
  • Colour pigments are examples of the grey pigment used in the form of zinc powder.
  • colour pigments can be used in the light-modifying composition of the present invention.
  • the colour pigment can be either inorganic or organic, depending on the contemplated application.
  • oxides such as natural or synthetic coloured iron oxides or chromium oxides can be used.
  • chro ate such as lead chromate and chrome green pigments is also possible.
  • Cadmium and ferriferrocyanide pigments as well as other inorganic colour pigments such as ultramarine pigments, mercuric sulfide and synthetic inorganic complexes can also be used to form the composition of the present invention.
  • organic colour pigments the possibilities are also very wide. One can refer to the use of nitroso, nitromonoazo, diazo and disazo pigments.
  • Basic dye pigments alkali blues, peacock blue lake, phloxine, quinacridones, lake of acid yellow, carbazole dioxazine violet, alizarine lake, vat pigments, phthalocyanine and tetrachloroisoindolinone can also be used in the context of the present invention.
  • metallic pigments such as aluminum flakes, copper and copper alloy flake powders, zinc pigments and stainless steel flake pigments can be used with the grey powder pigment described above.
  • metal protective pigments such as aluminum flakes, copper and copper alloy flake powders, zinc pigments and stainless steel flake pigments can be used with the grey powder pigment described above.
  • metal protective pigments such as aluminum flakes, copper and copper alloy flake powders, zinc pigments and stainless steel flake pigments
  • nacreous pigments such as aluminum flakes, copper and copper alloy flake powders, zinc pigments and stainless steel flake pigments
  • luminescent pigments such as well as food, drug and cosmetic colours.
  • the percentage of colour pigment used is not a critical aspect of the invention. It can be varied through a wide range of concentrations and is a function of the colour which one wishes to obtain. Preferably, the percentage of colour pigment varies between 0.25 and 25% by weight. In situations where very intense colours are desired, the percentage of colour pigment can exceed this range. Similarly, in situations where very pale colours are desired, the percentage of colour pigment can be less than this range. These exceptions fall within the scope of the present invention. Also, it would appear preferable that the pigment used in the composition exhibits a reflectance which is higher than the reflectance of the grey pigment particles. Binders In certain applications of the composition of the present invention, it might be necessary to use a binder component to form an applicable composition.
  • binders such as oils, varnishes, latex emulsions, styrene, styrene butadiene, polyvinyl acetate, acrylic, acrylic-styrene, acrylic polyvinyl acetate, polyurethanes and the like can be used. These are known to the person skilled in the art. It is to be appreciated however that binders other than those referred to above can be efficiently employed.
  • the percentage of binder used in the context of the present invention can vary from 0% to 50% by weight. In some applications relating to the cosmetic industry, for example, the use of a binder can sometimes be discarded. Additives
  • additives can be incorporated into the composition of the present invention to impart different properties to the final product depending on its final use.
  • additives include dispersants, surfactants, defoamers, thickness and the like. The choice and amount of additive is dictated by the end use and is within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art. Preparation of the light-modifying composition of the present invention
  • the composition of the present invention is typically prepared by first producing a slurry of the grey pigment, essentially to disperse the grey pigment in the desired solvent.
  • the grey pigment particles are mixed with an appropriate solvent, for example water, oils or a long chain alcohol such as propylene glycol and ethylene glycol, together with suitable additives required to produce and maintain a uniform slurry such as wetting agents, dispersants, surfactants, defoamers, thickeners and the like, the use of which is within the knowledge of the skilled artisan.
  • the mixing time can vary depending on the additives used but should be sufficient to adequately disperse the grey pigment particles within the slurry.
  • a typical mixing time using a high speed disperser varies from 10 to 30 minutes.
  • a binder and the additives required to achieve the desired characteristics for the final coating are then added.
  • additives such as thickness, preservatives, defoamers, buffers to maintain the desired pH, coalescence and the like can be used.
  • the choice of binders and additives is within the knowledge of the person skilled in the art.
  • the colour pigment is added in sufficient amounts to yield the desired colour.
  • the amount and nature of the pigment can be varied depending on the end result desired.
  • the grey and colour pigments can be dispersed together in the initial slurry mixture once the colour pigment requirements to achieve the desired result are known. In some instances, it may even be advisable to fix the colour pigments to the grey pigment particles through preliminary mixing with the appropriate chemicals which are within the knowledge of the skilled artisan. This can be accomplished by using a fixing process similar to the process used for fixing dyes.
  • composition of the present invention for the preparation of various coatings
  • the composition of the present invention can be used in numerous applications including the preparation of masonry coatings, paints for ferrous and non-ferrous metals, trade sales paints for wood substrates, anti-foulants, electrocoatings, flame- resistant and intumescent paints, heat-resistant paints, fluorescent paints, joint fillers, inks, inks for paper goods, inks for elastomers, inks for plastics, cosmetics, markers, magnetic tapes, food stuffs, textiles, adhesives, ceramics, artists colours, photoconductive coatings and concrete and mortar.
  • the grey pigments and the colour pigments are applied as separate coats on the surface to be covered, hence they are not in physical admixture.
  • This embodiment is particulary suitable for modern automotive painting that uses the so-called "clear coat” which is a layer of non-opaque material containing colour pigments.
  • the clear coat is applied over a grey undercoat.
  • the improvement provided by this invention resides in the use of an undercoat made of grey pigments which allows to reduce the amount of colour pigments in the clear coat.
  • the undercoat is prepared by dispersing the grey pigments in a solvent (in a similar way as the base coat described earlier) .
  • the clear coat it is made in a known fashion with the exception that the amount of colour pigments may be reduced without creating any adverse effects in the appearance of the colour.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
EP94912424A 1993-04-02 1994-04-05 Lichtmodifizierende zusammensetzung Withdrawn EP0643749A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US42394 1987-04-24
US08/042,394 US5273578A (en) 1993-04-02 1993-04-02 Light-modifying composition
US14400693A 1993-11-01 1993-11-01
US144006 1993-11-01
PCT/CA1994/000192 WO1994022966A1 (en) 1993-04-02 1994-04-05 Light-modifying composition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0643749A1 true EP0643749A1 (de) 1995-03-22

Family

ID=26719176

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94912424A Withdrawn EP0643749A1 (de) 1993-04-02 1994-04-05 Lichtmodifizierende zusammensetzung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0643749A1 (de)
CN (1) CN1109259A (de)
AU (1) AU6500694A (de)
CA (1) CA2137080C (de)
WO (1) WO1994022966A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2806414A1 (fr) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-21 Renaudin Sa Composition pateuse gelifiee pour l'enduction et/ou la peinture sur differents supports
ES2345985T3 (es) 2003-08-25 2010-10-07 Dip Tech. Ltd. Tinta para superficies ceramicas.
JP2015209475A (ja) * 2014-04-25 2015-11-24 クラリアント・インターナシヨナル・リミテツド 遮熱塗料用黒色顔料組成物及びそれの使用並びにそれを用いた遮熱塗料、及び調色、塗装のためのそれの使用

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2877130A (en) * 1957-04-01 1959-03-10 Walter B Jamieson Paint base
DE2338759B2 (de) * 1973-07-31 1981-01-08 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Pigmente, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung
AU526625B2 (en) * 1978-03-03 1983-01-20 Irvine Research (Paints) Limited Coating compositions
JPS6123658A (ja) * 1984-07-11 1986-02-01 Hoechst Gosei Kk 水性エマルジヨン型光沢塗料

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9422966A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2137080C (en) 2005-01-11
CN1109259A (zh) 1995-09-27
WO1994022966A1 (en) 1994-10-13
AU6500694A (en) 1994-10-24
CA2137080A1 (en) 1994-10-13

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